Sabin-Feldman Dye Test

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Cahit Babur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Investigation of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Samsun and Afyon provinces.
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2015
    Co-Authors: Yunus Emre Beyhan, Cahit Babur, Oktay Yilmaz
    Abstract:

    Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in water buffaloes. Methods: The research was conducted on 131 water buffaloes from Samsun and Afyon provinces. Serum samples of buffaloes were Tested for toxoplasmosis with the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT), using live tachyzoites and methylene-blue Dye. Results: 87.79% of buffaloes had anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies titered 1:16 and more. No statistically significant difference was observed between the age and gender of buffaloes with infection (p>0.05). Conclusion: These results show that toxoplasmosis is quite common in water buffaloes in the regions of study. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2014; 38: 220-2)

  • Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Pırlak sheep in the Afyonkarahisar Province of Turkey
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2011
    Co-Authors: Hatice Çiçek, Cahit Babur, Mustafa Eser
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE This study was carried out between June-December 2008 to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Pirlak sheep in the Şuhut district of Afyonkarahisar. METHODS Blood samples technically collected from 123 sheep older than one year old and 63 sheep younger than one year old were Tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Sabin- Feldman Dye Test. RESULTS Out of the 186 sera examined, 184 (98.92%) were seropositive at different dilutions (84 samples at 1/16, 79 at 1/64 and 21 at 1/256). The seroprevalence was 99.19% for sheep above 1 year old and 98.41% for sheep under 1 year old. CONCLUSION We believe that this study carried out on Pirlak sheep would be useful for other studies on the effect of parasitism on the economy.

  • prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic columba livia domestica and wild columba livia livia pigeons in nigde region turkey
    Acta parasitologica Turcica, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mustafa Karatepe, Selçuk Kiliç, Bilge Karatepe, Cahit Babur
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii specific antibodies in domestic (Columba livia domestica) and wild (Columba livia livia) pigeons between October 2003-June 2004. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 216 pigeons, consisting of 105 (55 female, 50 male) domestic pigeons and 111 (53 female, 58 male) wild pigeons. The sera were Tested for T. gondii antibodies using the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT). RESULTS One of the 105 (0.95%) domestic pigeon and one of the 111 (0.90%) wild pigeon were found to be seropositive for T. gondii antibodies at the titer of 1:16. CONCLUSION This is the first serological study on toxoplasmosis in the domestic and wild pigeon in the Nigde region of Turkey.

  • Seroprevalance of toxoplasmosis, leishmaiosis and listeriosis in shelter dogs of Diyarbakir, Turkey
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2010
    Co-Authors: Hasan Içen, Cahit Babur, Bekir Celebi, Servet Bademkiran, A. Simsek, Nihat Özyurtlu, Ayşegül Taylan Özkan
    Abstract:

    The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis, listeriosis and leishmaniasis in dogs in Diyarbakir region, Turkey. A total of 100 sera were collected from healthy dogs and Tested for toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis and listeriosis by the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT), Indirekt Florescence Antikor Test (IFAT) and, Osebold Agglutination Test (OAT), respectively. Among these 100 dogs, 94 (94%) were seropositive for toxoplasmosis and and 17 (17%), for listeriosis. All of them were found to be seronegative for leishmaniasis. No statistically significant differences were observed between male and female dogs in the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis and listeriosis. As a result, the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Listeria monocytogenesis specific antibodies in dogs in the region of Diyarbakir was determined.

  • Investigation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Cats of the Ankara Region of Turkey Using the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test and an Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test
    The Journal of parasitology, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ayşegül Taylan Özkan, Cahit Babur, Bekir Celebi, Araceli Lucio-forster, Dwight D. Bowman, David S. Lindsay
    Abstract:

    Blood samples from 99 cats from the Ankara province of Turkey were examined for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibody with the use of both the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (DT) and an indirect fluorescent antibody Test (IFAT). Forty of the 99 sera (40.3%) were positive for antibodies against T. gondii with the DT, whereas the IFAT assay detected antibodies in 34 (34.3%). The study also evaluated 3 factors for their potential association with the presence of T. gondii antibody: age ( 2 yr), gender (female vs. male), and outdoor access (stray, owned with outdoor access, or indoor only). The DT detected antibodies in 3 cats under 1 yr of age, 22 cats between 1 and 2 yr, and 15 cats older than 2 yr, whereas the IFAT found 1, 18, and 15 cats positive for antibodies, respectively, in each of these categories. Of 61 female cats, 27 (44.2%) were positive by the DT; and of 38 male cats, 13 (34%) were positive by the DT. For the IFAT, 24 female cats (39.3%) and 10 male cats (26.3%) were positive. The percent seropositivity in indoor cats was 30.8% by the DT and 23.1% by the IFAT. In stray cats, the percent seropositivity was 52.8% by the DT and 41.7% by the IFAT. Antibody presence was significantly associated with age, but not with outdoor access.

Selçuk Kiliç - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Investigation of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii Antibodies in Cats Using Sabin-Feldman Dye Test in Ankara in 2016
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2019
    Co-Authors: Banuçiçek Yücesan, Selçuk Kiliç, C. Babur, Nafiye Koç, Figen Sezen, Yüksel Gürüz
    Abstract:

    Objective Toxoplasmosis, in which obligate intracellular protozoa Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii) is the causative organism, is a multisystemic disease that can be seen all over the world and can impair all vertebrates. The only hosts known for T.gondii are members of Felidae family. Our study aimed to determine anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies with Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT) in cats in Ankara. It’s aimed to evaluate the current situation in terms of Toxoplasmosis spread by comparing our findings with previous studies in the same region. Methods Rh strain of Toxoplasma used in our study is maintained in our laboratory. SFDT is still accepted as the gold standard. Material of the study was obtained by taking blood samples from cats who were admitted to the clinics between March 2016 and October 2016 in Ankara. Blood samples were inactivated and measurements were done with SFDT 1/4, 1/16, 1/64, 1/256, 1/1024 titers. Results SFDT resulted positive in 56 (43.4%) cats at a dilution of 1/16, in 7 (5.4%) cats at a dilution of 1/64, in 23 (17.8%) cats at a dilution of 1/256 and negative in 43 (33.3%) cats. Comparison of demographic data with SFDT results showed that positive Test results did not differ according to gender and age (P=0.803 and P=0.991, respectively). Seropositivity was higher in stray cats than house cats (P

  • prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic columba livia domestica and wild columba livia livia pigeons in nigde region turkey
    Acta parasitologica Turcica, 2011
    Co-Authors: Mustafa Karatepe, Selçuk Kiliç, Bilge Karatepe, Cahit Babur
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii specific antibodies in domestic (Columba livia domestica) and wild (Columba livia livia) pigeons between October 2003-June 2004. METHODS Blood samples were collected from 216 pigeons, consisting of 105 (55 female, 50 male) domestic pigeons and 111 (53 female, 58 male) wild pigeons. The sera were Tested for T. gondii antibodies using the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT). RESULTS One of the 105 (0.95%) domestic pigeon and one of the 111 (0.90%) wild pigeon were found to be seropositive for T. gondii antibodies at the titer of 1:16. CONCLUSION This is the first serological study on toxoplasmosis in the domestic and wild pigeon in the Nigde region of Turkey.

  • Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and inTestinal parasites in stray cats from Nigde, Turkey
    Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2008
    Co-Authors: Bilge Karatepe, Selçuk Kiliç, Cahit Babur, Mustafa Karatepe, Bengi Dündar
    Abstract:

    The prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii was investigated by the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT) in 72 stray cats from Nigde, Turkey. A total of 55 (76.4%) of the analysed sera had antibodies to T. gondii. The seropositivity of T. gondii was 77.1% in male and 75.7% in female cats (P>0.05). Faeces of these cats were also examined by zinc sulphate flotation method for the presence of parasite oocysts and eggs of other parasites. Two protozoan parasites were identified as Isospora spp. (12.5%) and Eimeria spp. (4.1%) in cats. Toxoplasma gondii oocysts were not found in any faecal samples analysed. Two parasitic helminth species were observed: Toxocara cati (15.2%) and Toxascaris leonina (20.8%). These common ascarids were recorded for the first time in cats from Nigde.

  • Investigation of the seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle and Manceaux, 1908) in layer hens by the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test in the region of Konya
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2007
    Co-Authors: Funda Altinöz, Cahit Babur, Selçuk Kiliç
    Abstract:

    This study was carried out on layer hens in the region of Konya between December 2004 and March 2005. During this period, blood samples were collected from a total of 287 layer hens and the sera were separated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes. All the sera were investigated with the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test for Toxoplasma gondii specific antibodies. The rate of seropositivity for Toxoplasma gondii was found to be 0.34%.

  • Investigation of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in sport horses bred in Ankara province.
    Turkiye parazitolojii dergisi, 2007
    Co-Authors: Zeynep Güçlü, Cahit Babur, Zafer Karaer, Selçuk Kiliç
    Abstract:

    SUMMARY: The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in horses bred for sportive purposes in the province of Ankara. Sera collected from a total of 100 clinically healthy horses were Tested for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test and a seropositivity of 28% was found. The distribution of seropositivity among dilutions showed that 23 samples were positive at a dilution of 1:16 (82.1%), and 5 samples, positive at 1:64 (17.8%).

Yaowalark Sukthana - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Vol 37 (suppl 3) 2006 DETECTION OF TOXOLASMA GONDII IN CAPTIVE WILD FELIDS
    2015
    Co-Authors: Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Siriporn Tungsudjai, Kridsada Chaichoune, Charoonluk Sangloung, Nitipan Tantawiwattananon, Rassameepen Phonaknguen, Yaowalark Sukthana
    Abstract:

    Abstract. Toxoplasma gondii can infect all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and causes serious diseases in immunocompromized hosts. Live tachyzoites derived from serial passage in HeLa culture were used in the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test for detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibody in serum samples of 21 captive wild felids including one fishing cat (Prion nailurus viverrina), one leopard (Panthera pardus), two flat-headed cats (Prion nailurus planiceps), 6 tigers (Panthera tigris), two leopard cats (Felis bengalensis), two clouded leopards (Felis nebulosa), 3 pumas (Puma concolor), and 4 jungle cats (Felis chaus). Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were founded in 9 of 21 felids (42.8%). This study revealed that cell culture-derived tachyzoites can be used successfully as a source of live organisms in a gold standard Sabin-Feldman Dye Test, which is simpler, cheaper and less ethically sensitive than in vivo inoculation. Conservation Division of National Parks, Wildlife and Plants Department, Thailand. Animals were selected from groups positive to FeLV p27 antigen detecting by nested PCR and had present sign(s) of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) infection. Serum samples included one fishing cat (Prion nailurus viverrina)

  • Is Sabin-Feldman Dye Test using T. gondii tachyzoites from animal inoculation still the best method for detecting Toxoplasma gondii antibodies?
    The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2010
    Co-Authors: Ruenruetai Udonsom, Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Yaowalark Sukthana
    Abstract:

    Although the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test is the gold standard for detecting Toxoplasma antibodies in human, it is performed only in reference laboratories because live virulent T. gondii are used for the Test. We collected 210 human serum samples and Tested them by the Dye Test using in vivo tachyzoites (conventional method) then compared these results with three other methods: a Dye Test using cell culture-derived T. gondii tachyzoites and indirect immunofluorescent antibody Tests (IFAT) using in vivo and in vitro tachyzoites. We found the conventional Dye Test detected the highest percent of cases (4.3%), followed by the IFAT using parasites from mice (3.8%), then the Dye Test and the IFAT using cell culture tachyzoites (both 2.8%). Agreement with the Dye Test when using mouse and cell culture derived tachyzoites was 96.7%. Using in vivo tachyzoites for the Dye Test and the IFAT gave 94.3% agreement, while using in vitro tachyzoites gave 94.8% agreement. When compared with the conventional Dye Test, the IFAT had 75% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The T. gondii tachyzoites obtained from cell culture had a lower virulence, as indicated by a three times longer survival period in the inoculated mice. We favor the conventional Dye Test as the gold standard for Toxoplasma antibody detection. In vitro tachyzoites can be used routinely in the Dye Test but false negative results may occur in some cases. The IFAT, using either in vivo or in vitro tachyzoites, are alternatives for laboratories where provision of live tachyzoites is limited.

  • Epidemiology of Toxoplasma gondii infection of stray cats in Bangkok, Thailand.
    The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2010
    Co-Authors: Sathaporn Jittapalapong, Amorn Lekkla, Tawin Inpankaew, Nongnuch Pinyopanuwat, Wissanuwat Chimnoi, Chanya Kengradomkij, Sirichai Wongnarkpet, Soichi Maruyama, Yaowalark Sukthana
    Abstract:

    The objective of this study was to investigate the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in stray cats in Bangkok. Sera were collected during 2006 and examined by Sabin-Feldman Dye Test. Five hundred sixty-four male and 926 female cats in and around monasteries from 50 districts were collected. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in 72 (4.8%) of 1,490 cats. The prevalence was significantly higher in females (5.6%) than in males (3.6%). Cats more than 5 years old had the highest infection rate (5.1%). Fifty-six percent (28/50) of areas were positive for T. gondii in cats. Our results show T. gondii is widespread in stray cats in Bangkok. It is essential to control the number of stray cats in order to reduce the transmission of toxoplasmosis to animals and humans.

  • Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibody in Vietnamese villagers.
    The Southeast Asian journal of tropical medicine and public health, 2008
    Co-Authors: Ruenruetai Udonsom, Amorn Lekkla, Phan Thi Thu Chung, Phung Dac Cam, Yaowalark Sukthana
    Abstract:

    Toxoplasmosis caused by Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan infection found worldwide. It usually produces non-specific symptoms, but in pregnant women and immunocompomised individuals, it may cause severe and fatal illness. Many serological studies have been done in various parts of the world, but information is lacking for Vietnam. A seroprevalence study of T gondii antibodies in Vietnamese villagers (n = 650) was performed using the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test. The average seroprevalence was 4.19% (95% CI = 1.78-4.62), including 6.36% (95% CI = 3.22-11.09), 4.73% (95% CI = 1.92-9.50) and 1.09% (95% CI = 0.23-3.15) from Nghe An, Lao Cai and Tien Giang provinces, respectively. This study confirmed the low prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Vietnam similar to other countries in the region. Further studies are necessary in order to provide a complete picture for the country.

  • Detection of Toxolasma gondii in captive wild felids
    Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 2006
    Co-Authors: Ruangrat Buddhirongawatr, Siriporn Tungsudjai, Kridsada Chaichoune, Charoonluk Sangloung, Nitipan Tantawiwattananon, Rassameepen Phonaknguen, Yaowalark Sukthana
    Abstract:

    Toxoplasma gondii can infect all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and causes serious diseases in immunocompromized hosts. Live tachyzoites derived from serial passage in HeLa culture were used in the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test for detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibody in serum samples of 21 captive wild felids including one fishing cat (Prion nailurus viverrina), one leopard (Panthera pardus), two flat-headed cats (Prion nailurus planiceps), 6 tigers (Panthera tigris), two leopard cats (Felis bengalensis), two clouded leopards (Felis nebulosa), 3 pumas (Puma concolor), and 4 jungle cats (Felis chaus). Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were founded in 9 of 21 felids (42.8%). This study revealed that cell culture-derived tachyzoites can be used successfully as a source of live organisms in a gold standard Sabin-Feldman Dye Test, which is simpler, cheaper and less ethically sensitive than in vivo inoculation.

Babür C - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Investigation of seroprevalance of toxoplasmosis in mares and stallions in Ankara province, Turkey
    Shiraz Univ, 2011
    Co-Authors: Gazyagci S., Macun H. C., Babür C
    Abstract:

    GAZYAGCI, SERKAL/0000-0002-0043-6942WOS: 000299717400013The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in mares and stallions in the province of Ankara. Sera from 168 clinically healthy horses were Tested for the presence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Sabin Feldman Dye Test. Toxoplasma gondii infection was determined in 62 (36.9%) of 168 horses with the titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:256

  • Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic (Columba livia domestica) and wild (Columba livia livia) pigeons in Nigde region, Turkey.
    'AVES Publishing Co.', 2011
    Co-Authors: Karatepe M, Karatepe B, Kilic S., Babür C
    Abstract:

    PubMed ID: 21618187The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii specific antibodies in domestic (Columba livia domestica) and wild (Columba livia livia) pigeons between October 2003-June 2004. Blood samples were collected from 216 pigeons, consisting of 105 (55 female, 50 male) domestic pigeons and 111 (53 female, 58 male) wild pigeons. The sera were Tested for T. gondii antibodies using the Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT). One of the 105 (0.95%) domestic pigeon and one of the 111 (0.90%) wild pigeon were found to be seropositive for T. gondii antibodies at the titer of 1:16. This is the first serological study on toxoplasmosis in the domestic and wild pigeon in the Nigde region of Turkey

  • Short communication: investigation of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in blood donors by Sabin-Feldman Dye Test
    Mikrobiyoloji bulteni, 2006
    Co-Authors: Babür C, Selçuk Kiliç, Taylan Özkan A, Beyaz E
    Abstract:

    In this study, a serological survey of Toxoplasma gondii infection in healthy blood donors admitted to Blood Center of Ministry of Health, Ankara Training and Research Hospital was carried out. Sera from 390 male and 24 female (ages between 18-59 years) were evaluated by using Sabin Feldman Dye Test (SFDT). Of 414 donors 176 (42.5%) were found positive for T. gondii antibodies. Among the seropositive cases, 106 (25.6%) had 1/16, 40 (9.7%) had 1/64, 28 (6.8%) had 1/256, and two (0.5%) had 1/1024 SFDT titers. The seropositivity rates for females and males were found as 62.5% and 41.3%, respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference (p=0.053). A statistically significant increase was detected in the seropositivity rates with age, 39% being under the age of 40 (18-39 years), 54% over the age of 40 (p

  • Seroprevalance of toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats in the Nigde province of Turkey
    INDIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, 2004
    Co-Authors: Karatepe B, Babür C, Karatepe M, Cakmak A, Nalbantoglu S
    Abstract:

    WOS: 000226915800004Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite causing toxoplasmosis. Infection of T. gondii is subsclinical in sheep and goats. The most common clinical sign of toxoplasmosis in sheep and goats is abortion and neonatal death, which causes economic losses (Dubey, 1994). Various serological Tests have been used to detect antibodies to T. gondii. These Tests are the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test (SFDT), Complement Fixation (CF), Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT), Indirect Hemagglutination (IHA), Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Latex Agglutination Test (LAT). Sabin-Feldman Dye Test is considered the most specific and sensitive Test for the detection of antibody to T. gondii (Levine, 1985; Dubey and Beattie, 1988; Babur et al., 1996; Kuman and Altintas, 1996). This is an observation made on the seroprevalance of T. gondii infection in sheep and goats in Nigde

  • Seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in sheep in Aydin region in Turkey
    2004
    Co-Authors: Pasa S., Babür C, Gazyagci S., Kilic S., Bayramli G.
    Abstract:

    This study was carried out on 100 sheep in Aydin region, in Turkey between March and April 2002. The serum samples were Tested with Sabin Feldman Dye Test (DT) to detect antibodies against T. gondii. Of 100 sheep serum samples Tested with DT, 72 (72%) were positive. Titers of 16, 64, 256 and 1024 were found in 23 (31.94%), 25 (34.72%), 20 (27.77%) and 4 (5.55%) of the 72 seropositive sheep

Jack S Remington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • simple and efficient method for measuring anti toxoplasma immunoglobulin antibodies in human sera using complement mediated lysis of transgenic tachyzoites expressing β galactosidase
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 2001
    Co-Authors: Caroline Dando, Katie E Gabriel, Jack S Remington, Stephen F Parmley
    Abstract:

    A simple and efficient method using transgenic Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites expressing β-galactosidase was developed for detection of specific antibodies against the parasite in sera of patients. The titers obtained with the new Test were similar to those obtained with the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test run in parallel. Although significant changes in endpoint titers were not observed when sera drawn sequentially at 2- to 3-week intervals were Tested with both procedures, apparent differences in antibody affinity were observed with the new Test which were not perceptible with the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test. Like the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test, the new Test is based on complement lysis of tachyzoites, but it is much easier to perform and the reaction is read colorimetrically instead of visually.

  • Vertical transmission of toxoplasma by human immunodeficiency virus-infected women.
    American journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Howard Minkoff, Jack S Remington, Susan Holman, Raymund Ramirezc, Susan Goodwin, Sheldon Landesman
    Abstract:

    Abstract OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to determine the frequency of mother-to-child transmission of Toxoplasma gondii from human immunodeficiency virus–infected mothers who are also chronically infected with T. gondii . STUDY DESIGN: One hundred thirty-eight women were entered into a prospective study of human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnancy. The women were seen at enrollment, during the third, sixth, and eighth months of pregnancy (except those enrolled later in pregnancy or at delivery), at 2 and 6 months post partum, and at 6-month intervals thereafter through 4 years after delivery. Standardized interviews and physical examinations were performed, and blood was drawn at each visit. Toxoplasma serologic Testing was performed on the sample drawn earliest in pregnancy; the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test for immunoglobulin G antibodies and enzyme-linked immunoassays for immunoglobulins M, A, and E were used. Univariate analysis for categoric variables was performed with χ 2 and two-tailed Fisher exact Tests, and for continuous variables the Student t Test was used. Statistical Analysis System procedures were followed. RESULTS: Twenty-eight of 138 (20.2%) women who had positive Test results for human immunodeficiency virus had positive findings of the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test. Serologic status for T. gondii did not correlate with age, immune status, parity, or drug use. One of 27 children born to women who were seropositive for both human immunodeficiency virus and T. gondii (one child's serologic status for T. gondii was unknown) had Sabin-Feldman Dye Test antibodies beyond age 6 months (3.7%, 95% confidence interval 0.09% to 18.9%). Among the cohort of human immunodeficiency virus–infected mothers the rate of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission did not vary with maternal Toxoplasma status. However, with sample sizes of 28 and 110, respectively, for the mothers who were T. gondii seropositive and seronegative, the power to detect a difference in the human immunodeficiency virus transmission rate between these groups would be relatively small. CONCLUSIONS: Transmission of T. gondii from a chronically infected mother can occur in the setting of a human immunodeficiency virus infection, but this is not a common phenomenon. In a small cohort of human immunodeficiency virus–infected women we did not observe its occurrence among those without severe immunocompromise.(Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;167:555-9.)

  • false positive results in immunoglobulin m igm toxoplasma antibody Tests and importance of confirmatory Testing the platelia toxo igm Test
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Oliver Liesenfeld, Cynthia J Press, Jose G Montoya, R Gill, J L Isaacrenton, K Hedman, Jack S Remington
    Abstract:

    Although Tests for detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) toxoplasma antibodies have been reported to have a high degree of accuracy, it is well recognized by investigators in the United States and Europe that false-positive results may occur with many of these Tests, at times to an alarming degree. Unfortunately, this information is not well documented in the literature. Studies on various toxoplasma IgM Test kits are frequently flawed. The investigators often use reference Tests which have not previously been carefully evaluated as well as sera that were not appropriate to answer the question of how often false-positive results might occur. We recently had the unique opportunity to evaluate the accuracy of the Platelia Toxo IgM Test in 575 serum samples obtained during an outbreak of toxoplasmosis which occurred in 1995 in the Capital Regional District of British Columbia, Canada. When compared with results obtained in a reference IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the Platelia Toxo IgM Test had a sensitivity of 99.4%, specificity of 49.2%, positive predictive value of 51.9%, negative predictive value of 99.3%, and an overall agreement of 67.0%. In an attempt to resolve discrepancies between these two Tests, a serological profile (Sabin-Feldman Dye Test, IgA and IgE antibody Tests, differential agglutination [AC/HS] Test, and IgG avidity method) was performed. Of 153 serum samples that were positive in the Platelia Toxo IgM Test and negative in the IgM ELISA, 71 (46.4%) were negative in the Sabin-Feldman Dye Test. Of the serum samples that were positive in the Dye Test, 77 (93.9%) had a serological profile most compatible with an infection acquired in the distant past. These results reveal high numbers of false-positive results in the Platelia Toxo IgM Test and highlight the importance of appropriate evaluation of commercial Tests that are currently being marked. Our results also emphasize the importance of confirmatory Testing to determine whether the results of an IgM antibody Test reflect the likelihood of a recently acquired infection.