The Experts below are selected from a list of 19296 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lei Jiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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free standing covalent organic framework membrane for high efficiency Salinity Gradient energy conversion
Angewandte Chemie, 2021Co-Authors: Shuhua Hou, Liping Wen, Jianjun Chen, Yunfei Teng, Lei JiangAbstract:Both high ionic conductivity and selectivity of a membrane are required for efficient Salinity Gradient energy conversion. An efficient method to improve energy conversion is to align ionic transport along the membrane thickness to address low ionic conductivity in traditional membranes used for energy harvesting. Here, we fabricate a free-standing covalent organic frameworks membrane (TpPa-SO 3 H) with excellent stability and mechanical properties. This membrane with one-dimensional nanochannels and high charge density demonstrates high ionic conductivity and selectivity. Its power density can reach up to 5.9 W/m 2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water. Based on our results, we propose that the high energy conversion is attributed to the high ion conductivity through aligned one-dimensional nanochannels and high ion selectivity via the size of the nanochannel at ~1 nm in the membrane. This study paves the way for designing covalent organic framework membranes for high Salinity Gradient energy conversion.
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charged porous asymmetric membrane for enhancing Salinity Gradient energy conversion
Nano Energy, 2021Co-Authors: Zhen Zhang, Xiangyu Kong, Liping Wen, Shuhua Hou, Qianru Zhang, Lei JiangAbstract:Abstract Salinity Gradient energy is an abundant renewable energy source that can help satisfy the growing global demand for energy. Although current approaches based on membrane design for Salinity Gradient energy conversion have been demonstrated to improve conversion efficiency they suffer from the trade-off between selectivity and intrinsic resistance of the membranes, which impedes the rates of energy conversion. In this study, a charged porous asymmetric membrane was fabricated, consisting of a thin charged nanopore (~1 nm) layer and a charged porous structure (80–100 nm) layer. Its asymmetric electric potential and charged porous structure increase its affinity to uniport of ions and enables high ion conductivity. While maintaining a high degree of selectivity, the membrane exhibited an intrinsic membrane resistance of 0.53 ± 0.12 Ω·cm2, which was lower than that of the commercial and other reported membranes. The maximum power density reached up to 12.5 W/m2 with a 500-fold Salinity Gradient. This membrane shows great promise in industrialization and provides new insights into high Salinity energy conversion.
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engineered pes spes nanochannel membrane for Salinity Gradient power generation
Nano Energy, 2019Co-Authors: Xiaodong Huang, Zhen Zhang, Xiangyu Kong, Yue Sun, Congcong Zhu, Pei Liu, Jinhui Pang, Lei Jiang, Liping WenAbstract:Abstract Nature is the source of human being's creativity and always inspires people to break through the existing bottleneck of science and technology. Electric eel (Electrophorus electricus) relying on ion channel in electrocyte can convert Salinity Gradient energy to electricity power with potentials of ~600 V to stun prey and ward off predators. Inspired by biological ion channels, artificial nanochannels have been extensively explored to mimic the control of ion flow in nanosize confinement space and apply in Salinity Gradient power generation. In this paper, polyether sulfone/sulfonated polyether sulfone (PES/SPES) membranes with large amount of nanochannels are constructed by using phase separation method to be applied in the Salinity Gradient power generation field. The content of SPES, the concentration of casting solution, and the thickness of prefabricated membrane were taken into account to control the structural and surface charge distribution of membrane. The prepared serials PES/SPES membrane with nanopore structure display much proper cation selectivity, excellent ion conductivity and output power density (reach up to 2.48 W/m2) for Salinity Gradient power generation. In addition, the proposed membrane with low cost and easy casting process shows great potential for the practical application in Salinity Gradient power generation.
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high performance ionic diode membrane for Salinity Gradient power generation
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2014Co-Authors: Jun Gao, Wei Guo, Dan Feng, Huanting Wang, Dongyuan Zhao, Lei JiangAbstract:Salinity difference between seawater and river water is a sustainable energy resource that catches eyes of the public and the investors in the background of energy crisis. To capture this energy, interdisciplinary efforts from chemistry, materials science, environmental science, and nanotechnology have been made to create efficient and economically viable energy conversion methods and materials. Beyond conventional membrane-based processes, technological breakthroughs in harvesting Salinity Gradient power from natural waters are expected to emerge from the novel fluidic transport phenomena on the nanoscale. A major challenge toward real-world applications is to extrapolate existing single-channel devices to macroscopic materials. Here, we report a membrane-scale nanofluidic device with asymmetric structure, chemical composition, and surface charge polarity, termed ionic diode membrane (IDM), for harvesting electric power from Salinity Gradient. The IDM comprises heterojunctions between mesoporous carbon (...
Bruce E Logan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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surveying manganese oxides as electrode materials for harnessing Salinity Gradient energy
Environmental Science & Technology, 2020Co-Authors: Jenelle Fortunato, Bruce E Logan, Jasquelin Pena, Sassi Benkaddour, Huichun Zhang, Jianzhi Huang, Mengqiang Zhu, Christopher A GorskiAbstract:The potential energy contained in the controlled mixing of waters with different salt concentrations (i.e., Salinity Gradient energy) can theoretically provide a substantial fraction of the global ...
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Capacitive mixing power production from Salinity Gradient energy enhanced through exoelectrogen-generated ionic currents
Energy and Environmental Science, 2014Co-Authors: Marta C. Hatzell, Roland D. Cusick, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Several approaches to generate electrical power directly from Salinity Gradient energy using capacitive electrodes have recently been developed, but power densities have remained low. By immersing the capacitive electrodes in ionic fields generated by exoelectrogenic microorganisms in bioelectrochemical reactors, we found that energy capture using synthetic river and seawater could be increased ∼65 times, and power generation ∼46 times. Favorable electrochemical reactions due to microbial oxidation of organic matter, coupled to oxygen reduction at the cathode, created an ionic flow field that enabled more effective passive charging of the capacitive electrodes and higher energy capture. This ionic-based approach is not limited to the use of river water-seawater solutions. It can also be applied in industrial settings, as demonstrated using thermolytic solutions that can be used to capture waste heat energy as Salinity Gradient energy. Forced charging of the capacitive electrodes, using energy generated by the bioelectrochemical system and a thermolytic solution, further increased the maximum power density to 7 W m−2 (capacitive electrode).
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ammonium bicarbonate transport in anion exchange membranes for Salinity Gradient energy
ACS Macro Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Geoffrey M Geise, Michael A Hickner, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Many Salinity Gradient energy technologies such as reverse electrodialysis (RED) rely on highly selective anion transport through polymeric anion exchange membranes. While there is considerable interest in using thermolytic solutions such as ammonium bicarbonate (AmB) in RED processes for closed-loop conversion of heat energy to electricity, little is known about membrane performance in this electrolyte. The resistances of two commercially available cation exchange membranes in AmB were lower than their resistances in NaCl. However, the resistances of commercially available anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were much larger in AmB than in NaCl, which would adversely affect energy recovery. The properties of a series of quaternary ammonium-functionalized poly(phenylene oxide) and Radel-based AEMs were therefore examined to understand the reasons for increased resistance in AmB to overcome this performance penalty due to the lower mobility of bicarbonate, 4.59 × 10–4 cm2/(V s), compared to chloride, 7.90 × 10...
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ammonium bicarbonate transport in anion exchange membranes for Salinity Gradient energy
ACS Macro Letters, 2013Co-Authors: Geoffrey M Geise, Michael A Hickner, Bruce E LoganAbstract:Many Salinity Gradient energy technologies such as reverse electrodialysis (RED) rely on highly selective anion transport through polymeric anion exchange membranes. While there is considerable interest in using thermolytic solutions such as ammonium bicarbonate (AmB) in RED processes for closed-loop conversion of heat energy to electricity, little is known about membrane performance in this electrolyte. The resistances of two commercially available cation exchange membranes in AmB were lower than their resistances in NaCl. However, the resistances of commercially available anion exchange membranes (AEMs) were much larger in AmB than in NaCl, which would adversely affect energy recovery. The properties of a series of quaternary ammonium-functionalized poly(phenylene oxide) and Radel-based AEMs were therefore examined to understand the reasons for increased resistance in AmB to overcome this performance penalty due to the lower mobility of bicarbonate, 4.59 × 10–4 cm2/(V s), compared to chloride, 7.90 × 10...
Shuhua Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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free standing covalent organic framework membrane for high efficiency Salinity Gradient energy conversion
Angewandte Chemie, 2021Co-Authors: Shuhua Hou, Liping Wen, Jianjun Chen, Yunfei Teng, Lei JiangAbstract:Both high ionic conductivity and selectivity of a membrane are required for efficient Salinity Gradient energy conversion. An efficient method to improve energy conversion is to align ionic transport along the membrane thickness to address low ionic conductivity in traditional membranes used for energy harvesting. Here, we fabricate a free-standing covalent organic frameworks membrane (TpPa-SO 3 H) with excellent stability and mechanical properties. This membrane with one-dimensional nanochannels and high charge density demonstrates high ionic conductivity and selectivity. Its power density can reach up to 5.9 W/m 2 by mixing artificial seawater and river water. Based on our results, we propose that the high energy conversion is attributed to the high ion conductivity through aligned one-dimensional nanochannels and high ion selectivity via the size of the nanochannel at ~1 nm in the membrane. This study paves the way for designing covalent organic framework membranes for high Salinity Gradient energy conversion.
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charged porous asymmetric membrane for enhancing Salinity Gradient energy conversion
Nano Energy, 2021Co-Authors: Zhen Zhang, Xiangyu Kong, Liping Wen, Shuhua Hou, Qianru Zhang, Lei JiangAbstract:Abstract Salinity Gradient energy is an abundant renewable energy source that can help satisfy the growing global demand for energy. Although current approaches based on membrane design for Salinity Gradient energy conversion have been demonstrated to improve conversion efficiency they suffer from the trade-off between selectivity and intrinsic resistance of the membranes, which impedes the rates of energy conversion. In this study, a charged porous asymmetric membrane was fabricated, consisting of a thin charged nanopore (~1 nm) layer and a charged porous structure (80–100 nm) layer. Its asymmetric electric potential and charged porous structure increase its affinity to uniport of ions and enables high ion conductivity. While maintaining a high degree of selectivity, the membrane exhibited an intrinsic membrane resistance of 0.53 ± 0.12 Ω·cm2, which was lower than that of the commercial and other reported membranes. The maximum power density reached up to 12.5 W/m2 with a 500-fold Salinity Gradient. This membrane shows great promise in industrialization and provides new insights into high Salinity energy conversion.
Oscar Alvarezsilva - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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practical global Salinity Gradient energy potential
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Oscar Alvarezsilva, Andres F Osorio, Christian WinterAbstract:Salinity Gradient energy (SGE) is a clean and renewable energy source that can be harnessed from the controlled mixing of two water masses of different salt concentration. Various natural and artificial systems offer conditions under which SGE can be harnessed amongst which river mouths play the prominent role in a global assessment. The theoretical SGE potential at river mouths has been previously estimated to be 15,102TWh/a, equivalent to 74% of the worldwide electricity consumption; however, practical extractable SGE from these systems depends on several physical and environmental constraints that are discussed here. The suitability, sustainability and reliability of the exploitation of this renewable energy are considered based on quantified descriptors. It is shown that practically 625TWh/a of SGE are globally extractable from river mouths, equivalent to 3% of global electricity consumption. Although this is much smaller than the theoretical potential, is still a significant amount of clean energy.
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Salinity Gradient energy potential in colombia considering site specific constraints
Renewable Energy, 2015Co-Authors: Oscar Alvarezsilva, Andres F OsorioAbstract:Abstract The theoretical potential of Salinity Gradient energy in river mouth systems is the maximum amount of energy that can be extracted from the controlled mixing of river water and seawater. It is calculated using the Gibbs free energy of mixing equations considering as inputs the mean rivers' discharge and the long term Salinity of the ocean basin. However, this theoretical amount of energy can be far from the reality because both, the river discharge and the Salinity of the ocean, have natural variations in different time scales. In this paper we expose the site constraints related with the variability of the Salinity Gradients that must be considered in order to make a more accurate estimation of the available resources and calculate the so-called site specific potential for the most important and feasible river mouths of Colombia. The results show that in Colombia a mean site specific potential of 15.6 GW can be achieved, mainly in the Magdalena River mouth (97% of total). But more important, the results show that the Salinity structure of the studied systems have different responses to variations of the environmental forcing, despite being located in the same ocean basin, and therefore, the energy potential for each river mouth has different variability patterns at different time scales. Decreases of the estimated energy potential up to 69% were found when the site specific potential is calculated instead of the theoretical potential. This prove that more detailed input data than long term discharges and salinities are necessary in order to make accurate estimations of local and regional Salinity Gradient energy potentials.
Tian Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diversity and distribution of tintinnid ciliates along Salinity Gradient in the pearl river estuary in southern china
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2019Co-Authors: Chaofeng Wang, Chen Liang, Yuan Zhao, Wuchang Zhang, Gerald Gregori, Tian XiaoAbstract:Abstract Tintinnid community structure in the Pearl River Estuary were investigated 6 times (10, 29 October 2014; 11, 30 June 2015 and 15 March, 1 April 2017) from upstream freshwaters to polyhaline waters. A total of 43 tintinnid species in 15 genera were identified. Freshwater, brackish and marine species occurred in sequence along Salinity Gradient. Tintinnopsis mayeri, T. tubulosa and Tintinnidium fluviatile were freshwater species. Fourteen and 15 tintinnid species were considered as brackish and marine species, respectively. The preferred Salinity of freshwater species was 30, which was mainly contributed by marine species. Low Salinity, brackish and coastal tintinnid communities were divided based on the abundance percentage variations of different tintinnid types. Complexities of those communities increased along Salinity Gradient.
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Diversity and distribution of tintinnid ciliates along Salinity Gradient in the Pearl River Estuary in southern China
Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, 2019Co-Authors: Chaofeng Wang, Chen Liang, Yuan Zhao, Wuchang Zhang, Gerald Gregori, Tian XiaoAbstract:Tintinnid community structure in the Pearl River Estuary were investigated 6 times (10, 29 October 2014; 11, 30 June 2015 and 15 March, 1 April 2017) from upstream freshwaters to polyhaline waters. A total of 43 tintinnid species in 15 genera were identified. Freshwater, brackish and marine species occurred in sequence along Salinity Gradient. Tintinnopsis mayeri, T. tubulosa and Tintinnidium fluviatile were freshwater species. Fourteen and 15 tintinnid species were considered as brackish and marine species, respectively. The preferred Salinity of freshwater species was
