The Experts below are selected from a list of 327 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
R. C. Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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MEASUREMENTS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DUST EXTRACTION SYSTEMS OF HAND Sanders USED ON WOOD
The Annals of occupational hygiene, 1994Co-Authors: A. Thorpe, R. C. BrownAbstract:An investigation has been made of the production of dust by hand Sanders when used without dust extraction, with integral dust extraction and with external dust extraction. The apparatus used for the measurement was designed to carry out sanding in a repeatable manner, simulating normal working practice. The geometry of the wood sanded affects the dust concentration critically, whereas the effects of the sandpaper grade and of the filtration efficiency of the collection system are small. Belt Sanders produce high dust levels in all situations, but they are very efficient in removing wood, which means that they need to be used for only a short period. The integral systems of orbital Sanders give good dust control on flat wood but not on edges. The high air extraction rate of external systems results in much better dust control during the sanding of edges, though the performance of the two extraction systems on flat wood is broadly similar. The size distribution of the dust clouds produced by the sanding is relatively constant, but that produced by rotary Sanders tends to be coarser than that produced by orbital Sanders, consistent with the smoother finish given by the latter. The electric charge on the dust produced by sanding is high.
Robert H. Cho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Microdose protocol stereoradiography has similar reliability to standard low-dose protocol during concurrent Sanders skeletal maturity staging
Spine Deformity, 2021Co-Authors: Cynthia V. Nguyen, Marilan Luong, Michael J. Heffernan, Selina C. Poon, Haleh Badkoobehi, Suken A. Shah, Robert H. ChoAbstract:Purpose Decreasing radiation exposure is important for scoliosis patients who require serial imaging. Microdose protocol stereoradiography is now increasingly utilized. Previous studies have reported similar reliability of concurrent Sanders skeletal maturity staging based on standard low-dose stereoradiography and standard hand radiographs. The purpose of our study was to investigate the reliability and radiation exposure of concurrent Sanders staging using microdose protocol compared to a standard protocol for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. We hypothesized that surgeon-performed Sanders staging would have similar reliability when comparing microdose and standard-dose imaging protocols. Methods A randomized survey of 30 hand images using standard protocol spinal stereoradiography and an equal number from microdose protocol were distributed to six experienced pediatric orthopaedic spine surgeons. Images were graded by each surgeon according to the Sanders skeletal maturity grading system. Items were again randomized and graded after a 2-week interval. Fleiss’ weighted kappa for inter and intraobserver reliability was calculated and an unpaired t test was used to test for significance. Results Interobserver reliability for all modalities was in the strong to almost perfect agreement (average weighted κ > 0.8) range. For the microdose protocol, κ was 0.82 and 0.84 for each separate round of grading. Standard low-dose protocol κ was 0.83 and 0.79. Intraobserver κ was 0.86 for microdose and 0.82 for standard. Average radiation for microdose was significantly less radiation (82.6%) than standard stereoradiography (0.3 ± 0.1 mGy vs. 1.9 ± 0.4 mGy, p
Ramakar Jha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seasonal rationalization of river water quality sampling locations a comparative study of the modified Sanders and multivariate statistical approaches
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016Co-Authors: Vikas Varekar, Subhankar Karmakar, Ramakar JhaAbstract:The design of surface water quality sampling location is a crucial decision-making process for rationalization of monitoring network. The quantity, quality, and types of available dataset (watershed characteristics and water quality data) may affect the selection of appropriate design methodology. The modified Sanders approach and multivariate statistical techniques [particularly factor analysis (FA)/principal component analysis (PCA)] are well-accepted and widely used techniques for design of sampling locations. However, their performance may vary significantly with quantity, quality, and types of available dataset. In this paper, an attempt has been made to evaluate performance of these techniques by accounting the effect of seasonal variation, under a situation of limited water quality data but extensive watershed characteristics information, as continuous and consistent river water quality data is usually difficult to obtain, whereas watershed information may be made available through application of geospatial techniques. A case study of Kali River, Western Uttar Pradesh, India, is selected for the analysis. The monitoring was carried out at 16 sampling locations. The discrete and diffuse pollution loads at different sampling sites were estimated and accounted using modified Sanders approach, whereas the monitored physical and chemical water quality parameters were utilized as inputs for FA/PCA. The designed optimum number of sampling locations for monsoon and non-monsoon seasons by modified Sanders approach are eight and seven while that for FA/PCA are eleven and nine, respectively. Less variation in the number and locations of designed sampling sites were obtained by both techniques, which shows stability of results. A geospatial analysis has also been carried out to check the significance of designed sampling location with respect to river basin characteristics and land use of the study area. Both methods are equally efficient; however, modified Sanders approach outperforms FA/PCA when limited water quality and extensive watershed information is available. The available water quality dataset is limited and FA/PCA-based approach fails to identify monitoring locations with higher variation, as these multivariate statistical approaches are data-driven. The priority/hierarchy and number of sampling sites designed by modified Sanders approach are well justified by the land use practices and observed river basin characteristics of the study area.
Barry C Sanders - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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marzlin and Sanders reply
Physical Review Letters, 2006Co-Authors: Karlpeter Marzlin, Barry C SandersAbstract:A Reply to the Comment by Solomon Duki, H. Mathur, and Onuttom Narayan. Also a Reply to the Comment by Jie Ma, Yongping Zhang, Enge Wang, and Biao Wu.
Peter G. Passias - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Sanders classification versus the risser stage
Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 2017Co-Authors: Shaleen Vira, Qasim Husain, Cyrus M. Jalai, Justin C. Paul, Gregory W. Poorman, Caroline E. Poorman, Richard S. Yoon, Christopher Looze, Baron S Lonner, Peter G. PassiasAbstract:BACKGROUND Estimation of skeletal maturity, classically performed using Risser sign, plays a crucial role in the treatment of AIS. Recent data, however, has shown the simplified Tanner-Whitehouse (Sanders) classification, based on an anteriorposterior (AP) hand radiographs, to correlate more closely to the rapid growth phase and thus curve progression. This study evaluated the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Sanders and Risser classifications among clinicians at different levels of training. METHODS Twenty AP scoliosis radiographs and 20 AP hand radiographs were randomized and distributed to 11 graders. The graders consisted of 3 orthopaedic residents, 3 spine fellows, 3 spine surgeons, and 1 radiologist. The graders were then asked to classify the radiographs according to the Sanders and Risser classifications. There were 3 rounds of grading, each done 3 weeks apart. The overall κ coefficient was then calculated for each system to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability. RESULTS For all graders the average κ coefficient for the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Sanders classification was 0.54 and 0.62, respectively, and 0.46 and 0.49 for the Risser classification. With respect to spine attendings alone, the average κ coefficient for the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of Sanders classification was 0.72 and 0.77, respectively, and 0.46 and 0.67 for the Risser classification. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that the Sanders classification had moderate reliability with respect to physicians at various levels of training and had good reliability with respect to attending spine surgeons. Interestingly, the Risser staging was found to have less interobserver and intraobserver reliability overall. The Sanders classification is a reliable and reproducible system and should be in the armamentarium of surgeons who treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III.
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The Interobserver and Intraobserver Reliability of the Sanders Classification Versus the Risser Stage.
Journal of pediatric orthopedics, 2017Co-Authors: Shaleen Vira, Qasim Husain, Cyrus M. Jalai, Justin C. Paul, Gregory W. Poorman, Caroline E. Poorman, Richard S. Yoon, Christopher Looze, S. Lonner, Peter G. PassiasAbstract:Estimation of skeletal maturity, classically performed using Risser sign, plays a crucial role in the treatment of AIS. Recent data, however, has shown the simplified Tanner-Whitehouse (Sanders) classification, based on an anteriorposterior (AP) hand radiographs, to correlate more closely to the rapid growth phase and thus curve progression. This study evaluated the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Sanders and Risser classifications among clinicians at different levels of training. Twenty AP scoliosis radiographs and 20 AP hand radiographs were randomized and distributed to 11 graders. The graders consisted of 3 orthopaedic residents, 3 spine fellows, 3 spine surgeons, and 1 radiologist. The graders were then asked to classify the radiographs according to the Sanders and Risser classifications. There were 3 rounds of grading, each done 3 weeks apart. The overall κ coefficient was then calculated for each system to evaluate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability. For all graders the average κ coefficient for the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the Sanders classification was 0.54 and 0.62, respectively, and 0.46 and 0.49 for the Risser classification. With respect to spine attendings alone, the average κ coefficient for the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of Sanders classification was 0.72 and 0.77, respectively, and 0.46 and 0.67 for the Risser classification. Our study demonstrated that the Sanders classification had moderate reliability with respect to physicians at various levels of training and had good reliability with respect to attending spine surgeons. Interestingly, the Risser staging was found to have less interobserver and intraobserver reliability overall. The Sanders classification is a reliable and reproducible system and should be in the armamentarium of surgeons who treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Level III.
