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Robert J. Baker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Secretory Gene Recruitments in Vampire Bat Salivary Adaptation and Potential Convergences With Sanguivorous Leeches
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2015Co-Authors: Caleb D. Phillips, Robert J. BakerAbstract:Regulatory evolution is thought to be fundamental to adaptive evolution. However, the identification of specific regulatory changes responsible for adaptation are sparse. Bats of the family Phyllostomidae, owing to their unparalleled rate of ecological and morphological evolution, represent an ideal system to identify regulatory evolution of adaptive significance. Among ecological niche leaps observed in this family, the most dramatic is the evolution of obligate sanguivory by vampire bats, which due to their highly derived phenotype, the sporadic phylogenetic occurrence of blood-feeding, and the adaptive potential of salivary glands, has enabled the development of hypotheses about adaptive molecular phenotypes. Using comparative transcriptomics of vampire bat, outgroup insectivorous bats, and sanguivorous leeches we identify genes that have been convergently recruited as secretory products of salivary glands of vampire bats and leeches. Comparisons of vampire bat to lineages maintaining the primitive chiropteran condition of insectivory indicated gene recruitment of alternative splice variants, and 5’ exon evolution, as the mechanisms producing secretory expression in vampire bats, but not in the insectivorous bats Macrotus and Myotis. Biochemical functions of hypothesized recruited genes explain adaptive benefits to sanguivory by modulating host hemostasis and neural signaling. It is difficult to identify how complex phenotypic change and rapid ecological transition, such as that observed in vampire bats, evolved over a short evolutionary timescale. Results indicate that regulatory evolution controlling tissue-specific splicing patterns has been important to successful adaptation of this lineage. Future studies that leverage emerging long sequence-read technologies, increased sample sizes, and expression and sequence comparisons across other Sanguivore lineages will further elucidate roles of alternative splicing and gene recruitment in the remarkable evolution of sanguivory.
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evolutionary history of bats molecular time scale of diversification of feeding strategy and morphology in new world leaf nosed bats phyllostomidae a phylogenetic perspective
2012Co-Authors: Robert J. Baker, Olaf R P Binindaemonds, Hugo Mantillameluk, Calvin A Porter, Ronald A Van Den BusscheAbstract:Introduction Diversification of feeding strategies within each of the 19 chiropteran families (Hoofer and Van Den Bussche, 2003; Van Den Bussche and Hoofer, 2004; Simmons, 2005) typically is limited to one (13 families) or two (five families) food sources. The family Phyllostomidae, however, represents an exception to this pattern with six distinct feeding strategies: sanguivory, insectivory, frugivory, nectivory, carnivory (feeding on vertebrates) and omnivory. Among families of bats, phyllostomids comprise the largest number of genera (56) and the third largest number of species (160+) (Simmons, 2005). They are distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of North and South America and have been highly successful in exploiting a diverse array of life-history strategies. Included among its members are three species of obligate Sanguivores, a feeding strategy unknown in vertebrates other than fish (Figure 11.1). Among phyllostomids additional examples of feeding specialization exist, including subsisting exclusively on insects, as well as primarily on fruit, nectar, frogs, rodents and other vertebrates. Such specializations are remarkable when viewed in the context of the concomitant suite of adaptations associated with the sensory apparatus, locomotion, digestion, dentition, kidney function and reproduction, among others (Griffiths, 1982; Greenhall and Schmidt, 1988: Fleming et al ., 2005) that must be favored by directional natural selection for successful exploitation of new ecological opportunities. No other clade of mammals with roots in the Eocene displays such radical evolutionary modifications.
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evolutionary history of bats molecular time scale of diversification of feeding strategy and morphology in new world leaf nosed bats phyllostomidae a phylogenetic perspective
2012Co-Authors: Robert J. Baker, Olaf R P Binindaemonds, Hugo Mantillameluk, Calvin A Porter, Ronald A Van Den BusscheAbstract:Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA AG Systematik und Evolutionsbiologie, IBU Fakultat V, Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA Depatment of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA INTRODUCTION Diversification of feeding strategies within each of the 19 Chiropteran families (Simmons 2005, Hoofer and Van Den Bussche 2003, Van Den Bussche and Hoofer 2004) typically is limited to one (13 families) or two (5 families) food sources. The family Phyllostomidae, however, represents an exception to this pattern with 6 distinct feeding strategies: sanguivory, insectivory, frugivory, nectivory, carnivory (feeding on vertebrates), and omnivory. Among families of bats, phyllostomids comprise the largest number of genera (56) and the third largest number of species (160+) (Simmons 2005). They are distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of North and South America and have been highly successful in exploiting a diverse array of life-history strategies. Included among its members are 3 species of obligate Sanguivores, a feeding strategy unknown in vertebrates other than fish (Fig. 1). Among phyllostomids additional examples of feeding specialization exist, including subsisting exclusively on insects, as well as primarily on fruit, nectar, frogs, rodents, and other vertebrates. Such specializations are remarkable when viewed in the context of the concomitant suite of adaptations associated with the sensory apparatus, locomotion, digestion, dentition, kidney function, and reproduction, among others (Fleming et al. 2005, Greenhall and Schmidt 1988, Griffiths 1982) that must be favored by directional natural selection for successful exploitation of new ecological opportunities. No other clade of mammals with roots in the Eocene displays such radical evolutionary modifications.
Ronald A Van Den Bussche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evolutionary history of bats molecular time scale of diversification of feeding strategy and morphology in new world leaf nosed bats phyllostomidae a phylogenetic perspective
2012Co-Authors: Robert J. Baker, Olaf R P Binindaemonds, Hugo Mantillameluk, Calvin A Porter, Ronald A Van Den BusscheAbstract:Introduction Diversification of feeding strategies within each of the 19 chiropteran families (Hoofer and Van Den Bussche, 2003; Van Den Bussche and Hoofer, 2004; Simmons, 2005) typically is limited to one (13 families) or two (five families) food sources. The family Phyllostomidae, however, represents an exception to this pattern with six distinct feeding strategies: sanguivory, insectivory, frugivory, nectivory, carnivory (feeding on vertebrates) and omnivory. Among families of bats, phyllostomids comprise the largest number of genera (56) and the third largest number of species (160+) (Simmons, 2005). They are distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of North and South America and have been highly successful in exploiting a diverse array of life-history strategies. Included among its members are three species of obligate Sanguivores, a feeding strategy unknown in vertebrates other than fish (Figure 11.1). Among phyllostomids additional examples of feeding specialization exist, including subsisting exclusively on insects, as well as primarily on fruit, nectar, frogs, rodents and other vertebrates. Such specializations are remarkable when viewed in the context of the concomitant suite of adaptations associated with the sensory apparatus, locomotion, digestion, dentition, kidney function and reproduction, among others (Griffiths, 1982; Greenhall and Schmidt, 1988: Fleming et al ., 2005) that must be favored by directional natural selection for successful exploitation of new ecological opportunities. No other clade of mammals with roots in the Eocene displays such radical evolutionary modifications.
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evolutionary history of bats molecular time scale of diversification of feeding strategy and morphology in new world leaf nosed bats phyllostomidae a phylogenetic perspective
2012Co-Authors: Robert J. Baker, Olaf R P Binindaemonds, Hugo Mantillameluk, Calvin A Porter, Ronald A Van Den BusscheAbstract:Department of Biological Sciences and Museum of Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA AG Systematik und Evolutionsbiologie, IBU Fakultat V, Carl von Ossietzky Universitat Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany Department of Biology, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70125, USA Depatment of Zoology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA INTRODUCTION Diversification of feeding strategies within each of the 19 Chiropteran families (Simmons 2005, Hoofer and Van Den Bussche 2003, Van Den Bussche and Hoofer 2004) typically is limited to one (13 families) or two (5 families) food sources. The family Phyllostomidae, however, represents an exception to this pattern with 6 distinct feeding strategies: sanguivory, insectivory, frugivory, nectivory, carnivory (feeding on vertebrates), and omnivory. Among families of bats, phyllostomids comprise the largest number of genera (56) and the third largest number of species (160+) (Simmons 2005). They are distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of North and South America and have been highly successful in exploiting a diverse array of life-history strategies. Included among its members are 3 species of obligate Sanguivores, a feeding strategy unknown in vertebrates other than fish (Fig. 1). Among phyllostomids additional examples of feeding specialization exist, including subsisting exclusively on insects, as well as primarily on fruit, nectar, frogs, rodents, and other vertebrates. Such specializations are remarkable when viewed in the context of the concomitant suite of adaptations associated with the sensory apparatus, locomotion, digestion, dentition, kidney function, and reproduction, among others (Fleming et al. 2005, Greenhall and Schmidt 1988, Griffiths 1982) that must be favored by directional natural selection for successful exploitation of new ecological opportunities. No other clade of mammals with roots in the Eocene displays such radical evolutionary modifications.
Vincent A Pieribone - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulation of iron metabolism in the Sanguivore lamprey lampetra fluviatilis molecular cloning of two ferritin subunits and two iron regulatory proteins irp reveals evolutionary conservation of the iron regulatory element ire irp regulatory system
FEBS Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Oivind Andersen, John H. Youson, Kostas Pantopoulos, Martina Muckenthaler, Vincent A PieriboneAbstract:Two ferritin cDNAs were cloned from the liver and spinal cord of the Sanguivore lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, an extant representative of the ancient agnathan (jawless) stage in vertebrate evolution. The deduced proteins of 20.2 kDa (H-subunit) and 20.1 kDa (M-subunit) display 73 % sequence identity, and both contain the ferroxidase center characteristic of animal H-ferritin. A highly conserved iron-responsive element (IRE) was identified in the 5′ untranslated region of lamprey H-ferritin. Lamprey ferritin IRE forms a specific complex with crude lamprey and rat liver extracts, and with recombinant human ironregulatory protein (IRP-1) in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Furthermore, lamprey ferritin IRE competes with labeled human ferritin IRE for binding to IRP in lamprey and mammalian extracts. Two liver cDNA sequences encoding 323 residues and 101 residues of two genetically distinct lamprey IRP were amplified by PCR. Lamprey IRP-1 and IRP-2, which are 72 % identical, display about 74 % sequence identity to their presumed homologues in mammals. Northern blot analysis shows that two IRP transcripts of 3.6 kb and 5.8 kb are expressed in lamprey liver. Given the ancient lineage of lampreys, the results indicate that the IRE/IRP regulatory system has remained highly conserved during the evolution of vertebrates.
Oivind Andersen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulation of iron metabolism in the Sanguivore lamprey lampetra fluviatilis molecular cloning of two ferritin subunits and two iron regulatory proteins irp reveals evolutionary conservation of the iron regulatory element ire irp regulatory system
FEBS Journal, 1998Co-Authors: Oivind Andersen, John H. Youson, Kostas Pantopoulos, Martina Muckenthaler, Vincent A PieriboneAbstract:Two ferritin cDNAs were cloned from the liver and spinal cord of the Sanguivore lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis, an extant representative of the ancient agnathan (jawless) stage in vertebrate evolution. The deduced proteins of 20.2 kDa (H-subunit) and 20.1 kDa (M-subunit) display 73 % sequence identity, and both contain the ferroxidase center characteristic of animal H-ferritin. A highly conserved iron-responsive element (IRE) was identified in the 5′ untranslated region of lamprey H-ferritin. Lamprey ferritin IRE forms a specific complex with crude lamprey and rat liver extracts, and with recombinant human ironregulatory protein (IRP-1) in an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Furthermore, lamprey ferritin IRE competes with labeled human ferritin IRE for binding to IRP in lamprey and mammalian extracts. Two liver cDNA sequences encoding 323 residues and 101 residues of two genetically distinct lamprey IRP were amplified by PCR. Lamprey IRP-1 and IRP-2, which are 72 % identical, display about 74 % sequence identity to their presumed homologues in mammals. Northern blot analysis shows that two IRP transcripts of 3.6 kb and 5.8 kb are expressed in lamprey liver. Given the ancient lineage of lampreys, the results indicate that the IRE/IRP regulatory system has remained highly conserved during the evolution of vertebrates.
Yang Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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adaptive evolution of c type lysozyme in vampire bats
Journal of Molecular Evolution, 2019Co-Authors: Yujia Wei, Yubo Zhu, Yu Xia, David M Irwin, Yang LiuAbstract:In mammals, chicken-type (c-type) lysozymes are part of the innate immune system, killing bacteria by degrading peptidoglycan in their cell walls. Many of the studies on the evolution of c-type lysozymes have focused on its new digestive function, including the duplicated stomach lysozymes in ruminants. Similarly, in bats, gene duplications and subsequent adaptive evolution of c-type lysozyme have been reported in a clade of insectivorous species, which might have been driven by the need to digest chitin. However, no studies on the evolution of c-type lysozyme have been carried out in the second largest and dietary diverse bat family Phyllostomidae, which includes insectivorous, frugivorous, nectarivorous and sanguivorous species. Here, we sequenced and analyzed c-type lysozyme genes from four phyllostomid bats, the common vampire bat, the white-winged vampire bat, the lesser long-nosed bat and the big fruit-eating bat. Only a single lysozyme gene was identified in each of these species. Evidence for positive selection on mature lysozyme was found on lineages leading to vampire bats, but not other bats with single copy lysozyme genes. Moreover, several amino acid substitutions found in mature lysozymes from the sanguivorous clade are predicted to have functional impacts, adding further evidence for the adaptive evolution of lysozyme in vampire bats. Functional adaptation of vampire bat lysozymes could be associated with anti-microbial defense, possibly driven by the specialized sanguivory-related habits of vampire bats.
