The Experts below are selected from a list of 87687 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Owen Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • NWP-Initialized Satellite Temperature Retrievals Using Statistical Regularization and Singular Value Decomposition Methods
    Monthly Weather Review, 1994
    Co-Authors: Owen Thompson, Mark T. Tripputi
    Abstract:

    Abstract Several research groups have announced plans to merge Satellite profile retrieval methods and numerical weather prediction methods into “interactive” Satellite retrieval approaches for both weather and climate-scale endeavors. Satellite profile retrievals, produced from algorithms that depend on hydrodynamic weather prediction models for first-guess and conditioning data, may be expected to contain some influence of the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model quite distinct from any influence of the Satellite measurements. Research is described in this paper in which possible adverse impacts of NWP-produced first-guess information on Temperature profile retrievals appear to signal danger for interactive methodologies. Deep-layer, synoptically correlated NWP forecast errors influence Satellite retrieval errors in such a way that systematic distortions of the hydrostatic and baroclinic character of the resulting fields could lead to degradations of a subsequent forecast cycle rather than improveme...

  • Regularizing the Satellite Temperature-retrieval problem through singular-value decomposition of the radiative transfer physics
    Monthly Weather Review, 1992
    Co-Authors: Owen Thompson
    Abstract:

    Abstract A new method is derived for retrieving atmospheric Temperature profiles from Satellite-measured spectral radiance that appears, in first tests, to effectively circumvent certain difficulties of other well-known and implemented methods. In particular, the new method provides an elective way to avoid numerical instability without having to force the algorithm toward adherence to a priori statistics not dependent on the radiance measurements. This provides the opportunity to extract more information from Satellite sounding instruments, without encountering instabilities owing to overlapping weighting functions. BY implication, this means that retrievals can be obtained without the typically strong external constraints of smoothing or cohesion to historical characteristics of the thermal or moisture structure. The new retrieval method is derived from a singular-value decomposition (SVD) of the radiative transfer physics governing the Satellite measurements. The basis is an orthogonal one depending on...

  • Coupling of Horizontal, Vertical, and Temporal Resolving Power of a Satellite Temperature Sounder
    Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 1990
    Co-Authors: Owen Thompson, Yu-tai Hou
    Abstract:

    Abstract Satellite sensor optical systems now provide scan spots that are reasonably small and closely spaced compared with the horizontal scales of atmospheric variability that meteorologists might like to infer. Furthermore, geo-synchronous deployment of meteorological Satellites provides the opportunity for almost arbitrarily frequent observational thus apparently increasing the temporal resolving power to almost an arbitrary degree. It is known, however, that the vertical resolving power of Satellite sounding technology is poor compared with RAOBs. That is, finer scales of vertical atmospheric structure that can he resolved by radiosonde observations may not be detectable or resolvable by Satellite radiance observations. In all retrieval methods, some external information or estimates of the ambient vertical structure must be included so that the apparent vertical resolution of the retrieval system is increased. In this study we show that horizontal and temporal resolving power of Satellite soundings ...

J. L.c. Young - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quality control of Satellite Temperature soundings
    ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1993
    Co-Authors: B. R. Barwell, J. L.c. Young
    Abstract:

    Quality control must be applied to atmospheric Temperature profiles retrieved from Satellite radiances before the data can be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models. Differences between observed radiances and those computed from a forecast model are calculated and their frequency distribution compared with a multi-dimensional normal distribution. Differences between the two distributions indicate limitations of the statistics used in the data processing as well as poor quality data. An empirical method of allowing for these limitations enables a practical flagging criterion to be derived for operational use. © 1993.

Zhao Zhen-yu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Observation of Upper Atmospheric Temperature by Kunming All‐Sky Meteor Radar
    Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Chen Jinsong, Ma Chun-lin, Li Na, Zhao Zhen-yu
    Abstract:

    Using the data collected by the all-sky meteor radar with two different operating frequencies at the Kunming station (25.6°N, 103.8°E) during the special joint observation experiment in 2011. Based on the method improved by Hocking, we determined the mesopause above the height of peak meteor activity, and then used different Temperature gradients to inversion of atmospheric Temperature at 88 km and 85 km over Kunming. Comparison with the Aura Satellite Temperature data shows that two separate meteor radars can measure correct atmospheric Temperature at the height of peak meteor activity, however the correlation between Temperature determined by the meteor radar using Temperature gradient model and Satellite Temperature is not well. While the Temperature determined by meteor radar using Satellite Temperature gradients have good correlation with Satellite Temperature. It is concluded that the accurate Temperature gradient is very important in the Hocking's method.

  • Observation of Upper Atmospheric Temperature by Kunming All‐Sky Meteor Radar
    Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2014
    Co-Authors: Chen Jinsong, Ma Chun-lin, Li Na, Zhao Zhen-yu
    Abstract:

    Using the data collected by the all-sky meteor radar with two different operating frequencies at the Kunming station (25.6°N, 103.8°E) during the special joint observation experiment in 2011. Based on the method improved by Hocking, we determined the mesopause above the height of peak meteor activity, and then used different Temperature gradients to inversion of atmospheric Temperature at 88 km and 85 km over Kunming. Comparison with the Aura Satellite Temperature data shows that two separate meteor radars can measure correct atmospheric Temperature at the height of peak meteor activity, however the correlation between Temperature determined by the meteor radar using Temperature gradient model and Satellite Temperature is not well. While the Temperature determined by meteor radar using Satellite Temperature gradients have good correlation with Satellite Temperature. It is concluded that the accurate Temperature gradient is very important in the Hocking's method.

Benjamin D Santer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Celebrating the anniversary of three key events in climate change science
    Nature Climate Change, 2019
    Co-Authors: Benjamin D Santer, Céline J. W. Bonfils, John C. Fyfe, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Carl Mears, Jeffrey F. Painter, Stephen Po-chedley, Frank J. Wentz, Mark D. Zelinka, Cheng-zhi Zou
    Abstract:

    Climate science celebrates three 40th anniversaries in 2019: the release of the Charney report, the publication of a key paper on anthropogenic signal detection, and the start of Satellite Temperature measurements. This confluence of scientific understanding and data led to the identification of human fingerprints in atmospheric Temperature.

  • Tropospheric Warming Over The Past Two Decades
    Scientific reports, 2017
    Co-Authors: Benjamin D Santer, Carl A Mears, Jeffrey F. Painter, Stephen Po-chedley, Frank J. Wentz, Susan Solomon, Céline Bonfils
    Abstract:

    Satellite Temperature measurements do not support the recent claim of a “leveling off of warming” over the past two decades. Tropospheric warming trends over recent 20-year periods are always significantly larger (at the 10% level or better) than model estimates of 20-year trends arising from natural internal variability. Over the full 38-year period of the Satellite record, the separation between observed warming and internal variability estimates is even clearer. In two out of three recent Satellite datasets, the tropospheric warming from 1979 to 2016 is unprecedented relative to internally generated Temperature trends on the 38-year timescale.

  • Designing a Climate-Monitoring Microwave Radiometer
    2017 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM), 2017
    Co-Authors: P W Rosenkranz, W. J. Blackwell, R. V. Leslie, Carl A Mears, P. E. Racette, Jeffrey R Piepmeier, Albin J. Gasiewski, Benjamin D Santer
    Abstract:

    The Climate-Monitoring Microwave Radiometer (CliMMR) will address the requirements for measuring long-term trends in atmospheric Temperature with excellent stability and linearity, and very low antenna sidelobe contributions. CliMMR would also serve as an on-orbit calibration standard for weather-Satellite instruments. Small Satellites in carefully chosen non-sun-synchronous orbits could compile a diurnal-cycle climatology of Temperature, to reduce uncertainties in the past Satellite Temperature record.

David D. Sheu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Does the Taiwan Warm Current originate in the Taiwan Strait in wintertime
    Journal of Geophysical Research, 2006
    Co-Authors: Chen-tung Arthur Chen, David D. Sheu
    Abstract:

    [1] There is no doubt that the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) flows through the Taiwan Strait in summer and it reaches the East China Sea (ECS) proper, bringing with it a great deal of nutrients. Here Satellite Temperature, as well as hydrological, Satellite-tracked drifter, and 18O data, are used to show that in winter, warm waters from the South China Sea and a branch of the Kuroshio south of Taiwan reach only the southern part of the Taiwan Strait and that in no way do they flow up freely through the northern part of the Taiwan Strait. This is a clear sign that in winter most of the TWC must originate in the Kuroshio, which moves onto the ECS shelf northeast of Taiwan.