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Susan J Murch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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Plant signals during beetle (Scolytus multistriatus) feeding in American elm (Ulmus americana Planch).
Plant signaling & behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Sherif M. Sherif, Susan J MurchAbstract:American Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin represented a 7,000-fold increase over resting levels. Spikes in jasmonic acid were about 10-fold higher than resting levels with one very large spike observed. Differences were noted between susceptible and resistant elms that provide new understanding of plant defenses.
Brett M Saremba - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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Plant signals during beetle (Scolytus multistriatus) feeding in American elm (Ulmus americana Planch).
Plant signaling & behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Sherif M. Sherif, Susan J MurchAbstract:American Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin represented a 7,000-fold increase over resting levels. Spikes in jasmonic acid were about 10-fold higher than resting levels with one very large spike observed. Differences were noted between susceptible and resistant elms that provide new understanding of plant defenses.
Jeffrey J Witcosky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biology of the invasive banded elm bark beetle coleoptera scolytidae in the western united states
Annals of The Entomological Society of America, 2011Co-Authors: Jose F. Negron, Jeffrey J Witcosky, Sally J Mcelwey, Livy Williams, John B PoppAbstract:ABSTRACT The banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi Semenov (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), native to Asia, was detected in the United States in 2003, and as of 2011 it is known to occur in 28 states and four Canadian provinces. S. schevyrewi infests the same elm (Ulmus spp.) hosts as the long-established invasive, the European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham). Information on the basic biology of S. schevyrewi in its native range is sparse; thus, we conducted laboratory studies and field studies in Colorado and Nevada. Comparisons of flight and behavioral responses were made with co-occurring S. multistriatus. When Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila L., cut logs (bolts) were allowed to be colonized by wild populations in the field, S. schevyrewi did not differ in emergence density from 10- versus 24-cm-diameter bolts. In the laboratory, S. schevyrewi readily colonized bolts of American elm, Ulmus americana L., but not Chinese elm, Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.; Siberian peashrub, Caragana arborescens Lam...
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association of ophiostoma novo ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi scolytidae in colorado
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: W. R. Jacobi, R D Koski, T C Harrington, Jeffrey J WitcoskyAbstract:Jacobi, W. R., Koski, R. D., Harrington, T. C., and Witcosky, J. J. 2007. Association of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi (Scolytidae) in Colorado. Plant Dis. 91:245-247. The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the Dutch elm disease fungus, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, in elm trees in Colorado since 1948. An exotic from Asia, the banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi, was found in Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, in Colorado in April of 2003; this was the first report of S. schevyrewi in North America. S. schevyrewi is now found throughout much of Colorado and in at least 21 other states. The similarities in breeding and feeding habits between S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus have raised concerns about the ability of S. schevyrewi to serve as a vector for O. novo-ulmi. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine if O. novo-ulmi could be isolated from adult S. schevyrewi emerging from diseased elm trees. S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus were allowed to infest diseased stem segments of American elm, Ulmus americana. The infested stem segments were caged and isolations were made from the adult brood that emerged. O. novo-ulmi was isolated from most of the adults of both beetle species, showing that S. schevyrewi could acquire the pathogen as effectively as S. multistriatus. Future studies are needed to determine if S. schevyrewi can effectively transmit the pathogen to healthy trees.
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association of ophiostoma novo ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi scolytidae in colorado
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: W. R. Jacobi, R D Koski, T C Harrington, Jeffrey J WitcoskyAbstract:Jacobi, W. R., Koski, R. D., Harrington, T. C., and Witcosky, J. J. 2007. Association of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi (Scolytidae) in Colorado. Plant Dis. 91:245-247. The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the Dutch elm disease fungus, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, in elm trees in Colorado since 1948. An exotic from Asia, the banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi, was found in Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, in Colorado in April of 2003; this was the first report of S. schevyrewi in North America. S. schevyrewi is now found throughout much of Colorado and in at least 21 other states. The similarities in breeding and feeding habits between S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus have raised concerns about the ability of S. schevyrewi to serve as a vector for O. novo-ulmi. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine if O. novo-ulmi could be isolated from adult S. schevyrewi emerging from diseased elm trees. S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus were allowed to infest diseased stem segments of American elm, Ulmus americana. The infested stem segments were caged and isolations were made from the adult brood that emerged. O. novo-ulmi was isolated from most of the adults of both beetle species, showing that S. schevyrewi could acquire the pathogen as effectively as S. multistriatus. Future studies are needed to determine if S. schevyrewi can effectively transmit the pathogen to healthy trees.
W. R. Jacobi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dutch elm disease pathogen transmission by the banded elm bark beetle Scolytus schevyrewi
Forest Pathology, 2013Co-Authors: W. R. Jacobi, R D Koski, Jose F. NegronAbstract:Summary Dutch Elm Disease (DED) is a vascular wilt disease of Ulmus species (elms) incited in North America primarily by the exotic fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi. The pathogen is transmitted via root grafts and elm bark beetle vectors, including the native North American elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes and the exotic smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus. The banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi, is an exotic Asian bark beetle that is now apparently the dominant elm bark beetle in the Rocky Mountain region of the USA. It is not known if S. schevyrewi will have an equivalent vector competence or if management recommendations need to be updated. Thus the study objectives were to: (i) determine the type and size of wounds made by adult S. schevyrewi on branches of Ulmus americana and (ii) determine if adult S. schevyrewi can transfer the pathogen to American elms during maturation feeding. To determine the DED vectoring capability of S. schevyrewi, newly emerged adults were infested with spores of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi and then placed with either in-vivo or in-vitro branches of American elm trees. The inoculation of trees via feeding wounds was successful 30% of the time for in-vivo trials and 33% for in-vitro trials. Although the infection rate of DED has declined in Colorado over the past 10 years, the disease is still present in urban elms. While it appears that S. schevyrewi is another vector of the DED pathogens, it appears that S. schevyrewi is no more efficient than S. multistriatus. Thus, management programs that remove elm bark beetle breeding sites, rapidly remove DED-infected elms and include the planting of DED-resistant elms should continue to be effective management tactics.
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association of ophiostoma novo ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi scolytidae in colorado
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: W. R. Jacobi, R D Koski, T C Harrington, Jeffrey J WitcoskyAbstract:Jacobi, W. R., Koski, R. D., Harrington, T. C., and Witcosky, J. J. 2007. Association of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi (Scolytidae) in Colorado. Plant Dis. 91:245-247. The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the Dutch elm disease fungus, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, in elm trees in Colorado since 1948. An exotic from Asia, the banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi, was found in Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, in Colorado in April of 2003; this was the first report of S. schevyrewi in North America. S. schevyrewi is now found throughout much of Colorado and in at least 21 other states. The similarities in breeding and feeding habits between S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus have raised concerns about the ability of S. schevyrewi to serve as a vector for O. novo-ulmi. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine if O. novo-ulmi could be isolated from adult S. schevyrewi emerging from diseased elm trees. S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus were allowed to infest diseased stem segments of American elm, Ulmus americana. The infested stem segments were caged and isolations were made from the adult brood that emerged. O. novo-ulmi was isolated from most of the adults of both beetle species, showing that S. schevyrewi could acquire the pathogen as effectively as S. multistriatus. Future studies are needed to determine if S. schevyrewi can effectively transmit the pathogen to healthy trees.
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association of ophiostoma novo ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi scolytidae in colorado
Plant Disease, 2007Co-Authors: W. R. Jacobi, R D Koski, T C Harrington, Jeffrey J WitcoskyAbstract:Jacobi, W. R., Koski, R. D., Harrington, T. C., and Witcosky, J. J. 2007. Association of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi with Scolytus schevyrewi (Scolytidae) in Colorado. Plant Dis. 91:245-247. The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the Dutch elm disease fungus, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, in elm trees in Colorado since 1948. An exotic from Asia, the banded elm bark beetle, Scolytus schevyrewi, was found in Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila, in Colorado in April of 2003; this was the first report of S. schevyrewi in North America. S. schevyrewi is now found throughout much of Colorado and in at least 21 other states. The similarities in breeding and feeding habits between S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus have raised concerns about the ability of S. schevyrewi to serve as a vector for O. novo-ulmi. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine if O. novo-ulmi could be isolated from adult S. schevyrewi emerging from diseased elm trees. S. schevyrewi and S. multistriatus were allowed to infest diseased stem segments of American elm, Ulmus americana. The infested stem segments were caged and isolations were made from the adult brood that emerged. O. novo-ulmi was isolated from most of the adults of both beetle species, showing that S. schevyrewi could acquire the pathogen as effectively as S. multistriatus. Future studies are needed to determine if S. schevyrewi can effectively transmit the pathogen to healthy trees.
Mark R Rheault - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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plant signals during beetle Scolytus multistriatus feeding in american elm ulmus americana planch
Plant Signaling & Behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, S. Sherif, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Susan J MurchAbstract:ABSTRACTAmerican Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin repre...
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Plant signals during beetle (Scolytus multistriatus) feeding in American elm (Ulmus americana Planch).
Plant signaling & behavior, 2017Co-Authors: Brett M Saremba, Fiona J M Tymm, Kathy Baethke, Mark R Rheault, Praveen K Saxena, Sherif M. Sherif, Susan J MurchAbstract:American Elms were devastated by an outbreak of Dutch Elm Disease is caused by the fungus Ophiostoma novo-ulmi Brasier that originated in Asia and arrived in the early 1900s. In spite of decades of study, the specific mechanisms and disease resistance in some trees is not well understood. the fungus is spread by several species of bark beetles in the genus Scolytus, during their dispersal and feeding. Our objective was to understand elm responses to beetle feeding in the absence of the fungus to identify potential resistance mechanisms. A colony of Scolytus multistriatus was established from wild-caught beetles and beetles were co-incubated with susceptible or resistant American elm varieties in a controlled environment chamber. Beetles burrowed into the auxillary meristems of the young elm shoots. The trees responded to the beetle damage by a series of spikes in the concentration of plant growth regulating compounds, melatonin, serotonin, and jasmonic acid. Spikes in melatonin and serotonin represented a 7,000-fold increase over resting levels. Spikes in jasmonic acid were about 10-fold higher than resting levels with one very large spike observed. Differences were noted between susceptible and resistant elms that provide new understanding of plant defenses.