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Carlos Faria Santos Amaral - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum levels of cytokines in patients envenomed by tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting
Toxicon, 1999Co-Authors: Monica M Magalhaes, Carlos Faria Santos Amaral, Nilton Alves De Rezende, Maria Elizabeth S Pereira, Delio Campolina, Fabio Bucaretchi, Ricardo T Gazzinelli, Jose Renan CunhameloAbstract:Seventeen patients stung by Tityus serrulatus Scorpion were classified as mild (pain at the site of the Sting, n = 6), moderate (local pain and one of the following manifestations: vomiting, psychomotor agitation, prostration, sweating, tachypnea, tachycardia and mild arterial hypertension, n = 10) and severe cases (equal moderate cases plus cardiac failure, pulmonary edema and shock, n = 1). Venous blood was sampled for biochemical and hematological analysis and for IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF ELISAs at the time of hospital admission, 6 h (moderate and severe cases), and 12, 18, 36 and 72 h (severe case) later. Ten age-matched healthy volunteers were used as control. Increased serum levels of IL-1alpha was noticed in all patients, high levels of IL-6, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF were observed only in a patient with severe envenomation. Our data suggest that a systemic inflammatory response-like syndrome is triggered during severe envenomation caused by T. serrulatus Sting and that release of cytokines may be involved in this response.
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efficacy of antivenom therapy for neutralizing circulating venom antigens in patients stung by tityus serrulatus Scorpions
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1995Co-Authors: Nilton Alves De Rezende, Carlos Chavezolortegui, Delio Campolina, Mariana Borges Dias, C R Diniz, Carlos Faria Santos AmaralAbstract:Abstract Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of Tityus serrulatus venom antigen and of horse anti-T. serrulatus venom antibodies were carried out before antivenom treatment and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hr after antivenom therapy in 18 patients with systemic manifestations following T. serrulatus Scorpion Sting. Increased levels of circulating venom antigens were detected in the patients before antivenom treatment, but were no longer detected 1 hr after specific antivenom therapy. High titers of antivenom persisted for at least 24 hr after treatment with antivenom. The evolution of clinical and laboratory manifestations of envenoming showed that vomiting and local pain decreased within 1 hr and hyperglycemia was no longer detected 12 hr after antivenom therapy. The cardiorespiratory manifestations disappeared 6–24 hr after the administration of antivenom and all patients recovered completely. This study demonstrates the efficacy of antivenom therapy in neutralizing circulating venom antigens and supports the prompt administration of a potent antivenom to patients with systemic manifestations of envenoming.
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acute pulmonary edema after tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children
American Journal of Cardiology, 1993Co-Authors: Carlos Faria Santos Amaral, Nilton Alves De Rezende, L FreiremaiaAbstract:Acute pulmonary edema due to Scorpion toxins has been attributed to acute left ventricular failure resulting from massive catecholamine release or myocardial damage induced by the venom.1–3 It has been proposed that pulmonary edema could also result from increased pulmonary vascular permeability produced by vasoactive substances that may be released by the venom.4 This report presents radiologic, electrocardiographic, enzymatic, echocardiographic and histopathologic evidence that support both cardiogenic and noncardiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema after Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children.
Nilton Alves De Rezende - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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serum levels of cytokines in patients envenomed by tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting
Toxicon, 1999Co-Authors: Monica M Magalhaes, Carlos Faria Santos Amaral, Nilton Alves De Rezende, Maria Elizabeth S Pereira, Delio Campolina, Fabio Bucaretchi, Ricardo T Gazzinelli, Jose Renan CunhameloAbstract:Seventeen patients stung by Tityus serrulatus Scorpion were classified as mild (pain at the site of the Sting, n = 6), moderate (local pain and one of the following manifestations: vomiting, psychomotor agitation, prostration, sweating, tachypnea, tachycardia and mild arterial hypertension, n = 10) and severe cases (equal moderate cases plus cardiac failure, pulmonary edema and shock, n = 1). Venous blood was sampled for biochemical and hematological analysis and for IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF ELISAs at the time of hospital admission, 6 h (moderate and severe cases), and 12, 18, 36 and 72 h (severe case) later. Ten age-matched healthy volunteers were used as control. Increased serum levels of IL-1alpha was noticed in all patients, high levels of IL-6, IFN-gamma and GM-CSF were observed only in a patient with severe envenomation. Our data suggest that a systemic inflammatory response-like syndrome is triggered during severe envenomation caused by T. serrulatus Sting and that release of cytokines may be involved in this response.
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efficacy of antivenom therapy for neutralizing circulating venom antigens in patients stung by tityus serrulatus Scorpions
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 1995Co-Authors: Nilton Alves De Rezende, Carlos Chavezolortegui, Delio Campolina, Mariana Borges Dias, C R Diniz, Carlos Faria Santos AmaralAbstract:Abstract Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of Tityus serrulatus venom antigen and of horse anti-T. serrulatus venom antibodies were carried out before antivenom treatment and at 1, 6, 12, and 24 hr after antivenom therapy in 18 patients with systemic manifestations following T. serrulatus Scorpion Sting. Increased levels of circulating venom antigens were detected in the patients before antivenom treatment, but were no longer detected 1 hr after specific antivenom therapy. High titers of antivenom persisted for at least 24 hr after treatment with antivenom. The evolution of clinical and laboratory manifestations of envenoming showed that vomiting and local pain decreased within 1 hr and hyperglycemia was no longer detected 12 hr after antivenom therapy. The cardiorespiratory manifestations disappeared 6–24 hr after the administration of antivenom and all patients recovered completely. This study demonstrates the efficacy of antivenom therapy in neutralizing circulating venom antigens and supports the prompt administration of a potent antivenom to patients with systemic manifestations of envenoming.
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acute pulmonary edema after tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children
American Journal of Cardiology, 1993Co-Authors: Carlos Faria Santos Amaral, Nilton Alves De Rezende, L FreiremaiaAbstract:Acute pulmonary edema due to Scorpion toxins has been attributed to acute left ventricular failure resulting from massive catecholamine release or myocardial damage induced by the venom.1–3 It has been proposed that pulmonary edema could also result from increased pulmonary vascular permeability produced by vasoactive substances that may be released by the venom.4 This report presents radiologic, electrocardiographic, enzymatic, echocardiographic and histopathologic evidence that support both cardiogenic and noncardiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema after Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children.
Steven M. Scharf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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hemodynamic effects following injection of venom from the Scorpion leiurus quinquestriatus
Journal of Critical Care, 1994Co-Authors: Shaul Sofer, Ariel Tarasiuk, Seymour I Huberfeld, Steven M. ScharfAbstract:Purpose: The present study tested the hypothesis that Scorpion Sting induces left ventricular (LV) hypokinesia and myocardial ischemia shortly after injection due to reduction of coronary blood flow (CBF) and increased oxygen demand. Methods: In 5 mechanically ventilated, open-chest dogs, we measured LV function following IV injection of venom (0.05 mg/kg) obtained from the Scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus. Hemodynamic responses to the venom were followed up for 90 minutes. Results: The venom induced significant combined respiratory and metabolic acidosis (arterial pH progressed from 7.35 ± 0.03 at baseline to 7.10 ± 0.06 at 90 minutes). There were large increases in blood pressure, LV end systolic pressure, stroke work, and velocity of contraction. Twenty minutes following venom injection, cardiac output (CO) increased by 37% but then declined to 36% below baseline by 90 minutes (P < .05). CBF increased significantly in proportion to increased perfusion pressure; hence, there was no change in coronary vascular resistance. There was no evidence of myocardial ischemia or LV dysfunction because there was no change in myocardial pH, percentage fiber shortening, or LV end-diastolic pressure. Despite the fact that some variables returned to baseline at 90 minutes, they did not reach steady state; thus, the preparation would have continued to deteriorate. Conclusions: Myocardial ischemia does not occur in this dog model immediately following administration of Scorpion venom. There are significant peripheral circulatory effects of the venom, which account for many of the hemodynamic changes.
L Freiremaia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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acute pulmonary edema after tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children
American Journal of Cardiology, 1993Co-Authors: Carlos Faria Santos Amaral, Nilton Alves De Rezende, L FreiremaiaAbstract:Acute pulmonary edema due to Scorpion toxins has been attributed to acute left ventricular failure resulting from massive catecholamine release or myocardial damage induced by the venom.1–3 It has been proposed that pulmonary edema could also result from increased pulmonary vascular permeability produced by vasoactive substances that may be released by the venom.4 This report presents radiologic, electrocardiographic, enzymatic, echocardiographic and histopathologic evidence that support both cardiogenic and noncardiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of acute pulmonary edema after Tityus serrulatus Scorpion Sting in children.
Joris Messens - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wheat germ in vitro translation to produce one of the most toxic sodium channel specific toxins
2016Co-Authors: Wael Gad, Rahma Ben-abderrazek, Khadija Wahni, Didier Vertommen, Serge Muyldermans, Balkiss Bouhaouala-zahar, Joris MessensAbstract:Envenoming following Scorpion Sting is a common emergency in many parts of the world. During Scorpion envenoming, highly toxic small polypeptides of the venom diffuse rapidly within the victim causing serious medical problems. The exploration of toxin structure-function relationship would benefit from the generation of soluble recombinant Scorpion toxins in Escherichia coli. We developed an in vitro wheat germ translation system for the expression of the highly toxic Aah (Androctonus australis hector)II protein that requires the proper formation of four disulphide bonds. Soluble, recombinant N-terminal GST (glutathione S-transferase)-tagged AahII toxin is obtained in this in vitro translation system. After proteolytic removal of the GST-tag, purified rAahII (recombinant AahII) toxin, which contains two extra amino acids at its N terminal relative to the native AahII, is highly toxic after i.c.v. (intracerebroventricular) injection in Swiss mice. An LD50 (median lethal dose)-value of 10 ng (or 1.33 pmol), close to that of the native toxin (LD50 of 3 ng) indicates that the wheat germ in vitro translation system produces properly folded and biological active rAahII. In addition, NbAahII10 (Androctonus australis hector nanobody 10), a camel single domain antibody fragment, raised against the native AahII toxin, recognizes its cognate conformational epitope on the recombinant toxin and neutralizes the toxicity of purified rAahII upon injection in mice. Key words: AahII, anti-venom, dromedary, recombinant protein, Scorpion toxin, single-domain antibody, wheat germ extrac
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Wheat germ in vitro translation to produce one of the most toxic sodium channel specific toxins.
Bioscience Reports, 2014Co-Authors: Wael Gad, Rahma Ben-abderrazek, Khadija Wahni, Didier Vertommen, Serge Muyldermans, Balkiss Bouhaouala-zahar, Joris MessensAbstract:Envenoming following Scorpion Sting is a common emergency in many parts of the world. During Scorpion envenoming, highly toxic small polypeptides of the venom diffuse rapidly within the victim causing serious medical problems. The exploration of toxin structure-function relationship would benefit from the generation of soluble recombinant Scorpion toxins in Escherichia coli. We developed an in vitro wheat germ translation system for the expression of the highly toxic Aah (Androctonus australis hector)II protein that requires the proper formation of four disulphide bonds. Soluble, recombinant N-terminal GST (glutathione S-transferase)-tagged AahII toxin is obtained in this in vitro translation system. After proteolytic removal of the GST-tag, purified rAahII (recombinant AahII) toxin, which contains two extra amino acids at its N terminal relative to the native AahII, is highly toxic after i.c.v. (intracerebroventricular) injection in Swiss mice. An LD50 (median lethal dose)-value of 10 ng (or 1.33 pmol), close to that of the native toxin (LD50 of 3 ng) indicates that the wheat germ in vitro translation system produces properly folded and biological active rAahII. In addition, NbAahII10 (Androctonus australis hector nanobody 10), a camel single domain antibody fragment, raised against the native AahII toxin, recognizes its cognate conformational epitope on the recombinant toxin and neutralizes the toxicity of purified rAahII upon injection in mice.