The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Yoshihiro Adachi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evolution of aluminum recycling initiated by the introduction of next generation vehicles and Scrap sorting technology
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2012Co-Authors: Hiroki Hatayama, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Abstract This paper discusses how the recycling of aluminum will change between now and 2050, focusing on the introduction of next-generation vehicles and Scrap sorting. To evaluate the recycling potential, aluminum demand and discard in Europe, the United States, Japan, and China are estimated by material flow analysis (MFA). The MFA distinguishes between wrought and cast alloys so that the chemical composition of each flow is taken into account. A comparison of demand with discard is used to evaluate the amounts of primary aluminum required and Scrap that cannot be recycled because of a high concentration of alloying elements. The results of these investigations show that the introduction of electric vehicles leads to a decrease in the demand for cast alloys, which generates 6.1 Mt of unrecyclable Scrap in 2030. The results also indicate the effectiveness of Scrap sorting in the future: if Scrap sorting is carried out for end-of-life vehicles, it mitigates the generation of unrecyclable Scrap and reduces the primary aluminum requirement by 15–25%.
-
dynamic material flow analysis for stainless steels in japan reductions potential of co2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels
Isij International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Stainless steels are corrosion resistant alloys that are widely used in consumer goods and industrial equipment. Stainless steels contain scarce and energy intensive elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, which means that closed loop recycling is preferable for sustainable stainless steel production. However, some stainless steels are not separated from ordinary steel Scraps in the recycling processes and cannot be recycled as “stainless steel”. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamic substance flow of stainless steels in Japan and assess the potential for reducing CO2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels in the future. First, the authors analyzed material balance of input elements, i.e. Fe, Ni and Cr, in the production of stainless steels in 2002 to determine which aspects associated with the material flow of stainless steel cannot be elucidated from available statistical data. The amount of post-consumer stainless steel that would enter into society in the future was estimated by employing a Population Balance Model (PBM). It was found that only 2% of post-consumer stainless steel containing Fe–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scraps while the remainder was collected as ordinary steel Scrap. Conversely, approximately 95% of post-consumer stainless steel consisting of Fe–Ni–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scrap. A CO2 emission reduction potential for a 1% increase in the closed loop recycling of stainless steel Scraps of Fe–Cr alloys was estimated at 75 000 t/year by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
-
Estimation of the Change in Quality of Domestic Steel Production Affected by Steel Scrap Exports
ISIJ International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:The total crude steel production in Asian countries was 500 million t in 2004, which accounted for 47% of the total crude steel production in the world. There has been a large demand for steel Scrap in Asian countries; Japan exported 2.5 million t of steel Scrap to China, 1.91 million t to Korea and 0.9 million t to Taiwan in 2003. According to our previous studies, steel Scrap generation in Japan will increase until 2030. A future change in steel Scrap demand from Asian countries will greatly influence the amount and quality of Japan's steel Scrap domestic consumption and exports. In this work, the change of quality was estimated for domestic steel production (electric arc furnace steel for buildings and construction) by the influence of steel Scrap exports. A method based on the population balance model and material pinch analysis was applied to assess both the quality of domestic steel production and steel Scrap consumption. Previous data concerning the quality (copper concentration) of steel Scrap and the recovery ratio of steel Scrap from post consumer products were updated. It was found that the quality requirements of steel Scrap to other countries could have a large influence on the quality of domestic steel.
Yasunari Matsuno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evolution of aluminum recycling initiated by the introduction of next generation vehicles and Scrap sorting technology
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2012Co-Authors: Hiroki Hatayama, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Abstract This paper discusses how the recycling of aluminum will change between now and 2050, focusing on the introduction of next-generation vehicles and Scrap sorting. To evaluate the recycling potential, aluminum demand and discard in Europe, the United States, Japan, and China are estimated by material flow analysis (MFA). The MFA distinguishes between wrought and cast alloys so that the chemical composition of each flow is taken into account. A comparison of demand with discard is used to evaluate the amounts of primary aluminum required and Scrap that cannot be recycled because of a high concentration of alloying elements. The results of these investigations show that the introduction of electric vehicles leads to a decrease in the demand for cast alloys, which generates 6.1 Mt of unrecyclable Scrap in 2030. The results also indicate the effectiveness of Scrap sorting in the future: if Scrap sorting is carried out for end-of-life vehicles, it mitigates the generation of unrecyclable Scrap and reduces the primary aluminum requirement by 15–25%.
-
dynamic material flow analysis for stainless steels in japan reductions potential of co2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels
Isij International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Stainless steels are corrosion resistant alloys that are widely used in consumer goods and industrial equipment. Stainless steels contain scarce and energy intensive elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, which means that closed loop recycling is preferable for sustainable stainless steel production. However, some stainless steels are not separated from ordinary steel Scraps in the recycling processes and cannot be recycled as “stainless steel”. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamic substance flow of stainless steels in Japan and assess the potential for reducing CO2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels in the future. First, the authors analyzed material balance of input elements, i.e. Fe, Ni and Cr, in the production of stainless steels in 2002 to determine which aspects associated with the material flow of stainless steel cannot be elucidated from available statistical data. The amount of post-consumer stainless steel that would enter into society in the future was estimated by employing a Population Balance Model (PBM). It was found that only 2% of post-consumer stainless steel containing Fe–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scraps while the remainder was collected as ordinary steel Scrap. Conversely, approximately 95% of post-consumer stainless steel consisting of Fe–Ni–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scrap. A CO2 emission reduction potential for a 1% increase in the closed loop recycling of stainless steel Scraps of Fe–Cr alloys was estimated at 75 000 t/year by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
-
Estimation of the Change in Quality of Domestic Steel Production Affected by Steel Scrap Exports
ISIJ International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:The total crude steel production in Asian countries was 500 million t in 2004, which accounted for 47% of the total crude steel production in the world. There has been a large demand for steel Scrap in Asian countries; Japan exported 2.5 million t of steel Scrap to China, 1.91 million t to Korea and 0.9 million t to Taiwan in 2003. According to our previous studies, steel Scrap generation in Japan will increase until 2030. A future change in steel Scrap demand from Asian countries will greatly influence the amount and quality of Japan's steel Scrap domestic consumption and exports. In this work, the change of quality was estimated for domestic steel production (electric arc furnace steel for buildings and construction) by the influence of steel Scrap exports. A method based on the population balance model and material pinch analysis was applied to assess both the quality of domestic steel production and steel Scrap consumption. Previous data concerning the quality (copper concentration) of steel Scrap and the recovery ratio of steel Scrap from post consumer products were updated. It was found that the quality requirements of steel Scrap to other countries could have a large influence on the quality of domestic steel.
Ichiro Daigo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
evolution of aluminum recycling initiated by the introduction of next generation vehicles and Scrap sorting technology
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2012Co-Authors: Hiroki Hatayama, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Abstract This paper discusses how the recycling of aluminum will change between now and 2050, focusing on the introduction of next-generation vehicles and Scrap sorting. To evaluate the recycling potential, aluminum demand and discard in Europe, the United States, Japan, and China are estimated by material flow analysis (MFA). The MFA distinguishes between wrought and cast alloys so that the chemical composition of each flow is taken into account. A comparison of demand with discard is used to evaluate the amounts of primary aluminum required and Scrap that cannot be recycled because of a high concentration of alloying elements. The results of these investigations show that the introduction of electric vehicles leads to a decrease in the demand for cast alloys, which generates 6.1 Mt of unrecyclable Scrap in 2030. The results also indicate the effectiveness of Scrap sorting in the future: if Scrap sorting is carried out for end-of-life vehicles, it mitigates the generation of unrecyclable Scrap and reduces the primary aluminum requirement by 15–25%.
-
dynamic material flow analysis for stainless steels in japan reductions potential of co2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels
Isij International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:Stainless steels are corrosion resistant alloys that are widely used in consumer goods and industrial equipment. Stainless steels contain scarce and energy intensive elements such as Ni, Cr, Mo, which means that closed loop recycling is preferable for sustainable stainless steel production. However, some stainless steels are not separated from ordinary steel Scraps in the recycling processes and cannot be recycled as “stainless steel”. The objective of this study is to analyze the dynamic substance flow of stainless steels in Japan and assess the potential for reducing CO2 emissions by promoting closed loop recycling of stainless steels in the future. First, the authors analyzed material balance of input elements, i.e. Fe, Ni and Cr, in the production of stainless steels in 2002 to determine which aspects associated with the material flow of stainless steel cannot be elucidated from available statistical data. The amount of post-consumer stainless steel that would enter into society in the future was estimated by employing a Population Balance Model (PBM). It was found that only 2% of post-consumer stainless steel containing Fe–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scraps while the remainder was collected as ordinary steel Scrap. Conversely, approximately 95% of post-consumer stainless steel consisting of Fe–Ni–Cr alloys was collected as stainless steel Scrap. A CO2 emission reduction potential for a 1% increase in the closed loop recycling of stainless steel Scraps of Fe–Cr alloys was estimated at 75 000 t/year by Life Cycle Assessment (LCA).
-
Estimation of the Change in Quality of Domestic Steel Production Affected by Steel Scrap Exports
ISIJ International, 2007Co-Authors: Yuma Igarashi, Ichiro Daigo, Yasunari Matsuno, Yoshihiro AdachiAbstract:The total crude steel production in Asian countries was 500 million t in 2004, which accounted for 47% of the total crude steel production in the world. There has been a large demand for steel Scrap in Asian countries; Japan exported 2.5 million t of steel Scrap to China, 1.91 million t to Korea and 0.9 million t to Taiwan in 2003. According to our previous studies, steel Scrap generation in Japan will increase until 2030. A future change in steel Scrap demand from Asian countries will greatly influence the amount and quality of Japan's steel Scrap domestic consumption and exports. In this work, the change of quality was estimated for domestic steel production (electric arc furnace steel for buildings and construction) by the influence of steel Scrap exports. A method based on the population balance model and material pinch analysis was applied to assess both the quality of domestic steel production and steel Scrap consumption. Previous data concerning the quality (copper concentration) of steel Scrap and the recovery ratio of steel Scrap from post consumer products were updated. It was found that the quality requirements of steel Scrap to other countries could have a large influence on the quality of domestic steel.
Tim Jackson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
time dependent material flow analysis of iron and steel in the uk part 2 Scrap generation and recycling
Resources Conservation and Recycling, 2007Co-Authors: James Davis, Roland Geyer, J Ley, R Clift, Alan Shu Khen Kwan, M Sansom, Tim JacksonAbstract:This paper presents an analysis of the use of iron and steel in the UK and explores how much of the iron and steel is recycled when it becomes obsolete after use. The first part of this paper series investigated production and consumption trends of iron and steel in the UK, whereas this paper focuses on Scrap generation and recycling. Information on the amounts of iron and steel going into different groups of goods, together with values for their estimated lifetimes, have enabled modelling of the annual release of iron and steel from the use phase in the form of end-of-life Scrap. This is an application to material flow accounting of the theory of residence time distributions used routinely in chemical reaction engineering. By comparing modelled generation of Scrap with actual Scrap consumption in the UK, we obtain estimates of loss or accumulation of iron and steel Scrap in the UK. The model indicates that as much as 30% of the Scrap that was potentially available in 2001 as end-of-life Scrap has either been accumulated within the economic system or lost to landfill.
Zhengfu Bian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Feasibility Study on S-Band Microwave Radiation and 3D-Thermal Infrared Imaging Sensor-Aided Recognition of Polymer Materials from End-of-Life Vehicles
MDPI AG, 2018Co-Authors: Jiu Huang, Zhuangzhuang Zhu, Chuyuan Tian, Zhengfu BianAbstract:With the increase the worldwide consumption of vehicles, end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) have kept rapidly increasing in the last two decades. Metallic parts and materials of ELVs can be easily reused and recycled, but the automobile shredder residues (ASRs), of which elastomer and plastic materials make up the vast majority, are difficult to recycle. ASRs are classified as hazardous materials in the main industrial countries, and are required to be materially recycled up to 85–95% by mass until 2020. However, there is neither sufficient theoretical nor practical experience for sorting ASR polymers. In this research, we provide a novel method by using S-Band microwave irradiation together with 3D scanning as well as infrared thermal imaging sensors for the recognition and sorting of typical plastics and elastomers from the ASR mixture. In this study, an industrial magnetron array with 2.45 GHz irradiation was utilized as the microwave source. Seven kinds of ELV polymer (PVC, ABS, PP, EPDM, NBR, CR, and SBR) crushed Scrap residues were tested. After specific power microwave irradiation for a certain time, the tested polymer materials were heated up to different extents corresponding to their respective sensitivities to microwave irradiation. Due to the variations in polymer chemical structure and additive agents, polymers have different sensitivities to microwave radiation, which leads to differences in temperature rises. The differences of temperature increase were obtained by a thermal infrared sensor, and the position and geometrical features of the tested Scraps were acquired by a 3D imaging sensor. With this information, the Scrap material could be recognized and then sorted. The results showed that this method was effective when the tested polymer materials were heated up to more than 30 °C. For full recognition of the tested polymer Scraps, the minimum temperature variations of 5 °C and 10.5 °C for plastics and elastomers were needed, respectively. The sorting efficiency was independent of particle sizes but depended on the power and time of the microwave irradiation. Generally, more than 75% (mass) of the tested polymer materials could be successfully recognized and sorted under an irradiation power of 3 kW. Plastics were much more insensitive to microwave irradiation than elastomers. With this method, the tested mixture of the plastic group (PVC, ABS, PP) and the mixture of elastomer group (EPDM, NBR, CR, and SBR) could be fully separated with an efficiency of 100%
-
study on impact acoustic visual sensor based sorting of elv plastic materials
Sensors, 2017Co-Authors: Jiu Huang, Chuyuan Tian, Jingwei Ren, Zhengfu BianAbstract:This paper concentrates on a study of a novel multi-sensor aided method by using acoustic and visual sensors for detection, recognition and separation of End-of Life vehicles' (ELVs) plastic materials, in order to optimize the recycling rate of automotive shredder residues (ASRs). Sensor-based sorting technologies have been utilized for material recycling for the last two decades. One of the problems still remaining results from black and dark dyed plastics which are very difficult to recognize using visual sensors. In this paper a new multi-sensor technology for black plastic recognition and sorting by using impact resonant acoustic emissions (AEs) and laser triangulation scanning was introduced. A pilot sorting system which consists of a 3-dimensional visual sensor and an acoustic sensor was also established; two kinds commonly used vehicle plastics, polypropylene (PP) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) and two kinds of modified vehicle plastics, polypropylene/ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (PP-EPDM) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene/polycarbonate (ABS-PC) were tested. In this study the geometrical features of tested plastic Scraps were measured by the visual sensor, and their corresponding impact acoustic emission (AE) signals were acquired by the acoustic sensor. The signal processing and feature extraction of visual data as well as acoustic signals were realized by virtual instruments. Impact acoustic features were recognized by using FFT based power spectral density analysis. The results shows that the characteristics of the tested PP and ABS plastics were totally different, but similar to their respective modified materials. The probability of Scrap material recognition rate, i.e., the theoretical sorting efficiency between PP and PP-EPDM, could reach about 50%, and between ABS and ABS-PC it could reach about 75% with diameters ranging from 14 mm to 23 mm, and with exclusion of abnormal impacts, the actual separation rates were 39.2% for PP, 41.4% for PP/EPDM Scraps as well as 62.4% for ABS, and 70.8% for ABS/PC Scraps. Within the diameter range of 8-13 mm, only 25% of PP and 27% of PP/EPDM Scraps, as well as 43% of ABS, and 47% of ABS/PC Scraps were finally separated. This research proposes a new approach for sensor-aided automatic recognition and sorting of black plastic materials, it is an effective method for ASR reduction and recycling.
