The Experts below are selected from a list of 18354 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pe Stehlík - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wet flue gas desulphurization using a new O-element design
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Pavel Lestinsky, David Jecha, Vladimír Brummer, Pe StehlíkAbstract:Scrubbing by liquid sprayingis one of the most effective processes used for removal of fine particles and soluble gas pollutants (such as SO_2, HCl, HF) from the flue gas. The primary function of venturi scrubber, which represents the first stage of the wet flue gas cleaning processes, such as in waste incineration plants, is to capture fine particles as well as remove HCl, HF or SO_2 as a result of the decrease in the flue gas temperature before entering the absorption column. In this paper, a newly developed four-branch O-element is proposed as a replacement for venturi scrubber. By means of this device, sulphur dioxide (SO_2) removal efficiency and pressure loss and temperature drop were experimentally calculated. The dependence of these variables on liquid–gas ratio was monitored. The simulated flue gas was prepared by the combustion of the carbon disulphide solution in toluene (1:1 vol.) in the presence of the flame in the reactor. Such prepared flue gas with temperature around 150 °C was processed in the laboratory-designed O-element scrubber. Water was used as an absorbent liquid. The maximal efficiency of SO_2 removal achieved by this process was up to 70 %, which is far better in comparison with the commonly used venturi Scrubbers. The pressure drop of our proposed newly designed wet scrubber is similar to that of the commonly used venturi Scrubbers; nevertheless, the influence of the amount of the liquid on pressure drop is not so significant. In parallel, a mathematical model describing the mass transfer, enthalpy balance and pH change of the absorbing solution was also developed. Enthalpy balance was calculated by numerical iteration to determine the unknown outlet liquid temperature. Mass transfer calculation was used for the determination of complete Henry constant from all the subsequent SO_2 absorption reactions.
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Wet flue gas desulphurization using a new O-element design
'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2017Co-Authors: Leštinský Pavel, Jecha David, Umme Vladimí, Pe StehlíkAbstract:Scrubbing by liquid sprayingis one of the most effective processes used for removal of fine particles and soluble gas pollutants (such as SO2, HCl, HF) from the flue gas. The primary function of venturi scrubber, which represents the first stage of the wet flue gas cleaning processes, such as in waste incineration plants, is to capture fine particles as well as remove HCl, HF or SO2 as a result of the decrease in the flue gas temperature before entering the absorption column. In this paper, a newly developed four-branch O-element is proposed as a replacement for venturi scrubber. By means of this device, sulphur dioxide (SO2) removal efficiency and pressure loss and temperature drop were experimentally calculated. The dependence of these variables on liquid–gas ratio was monitored. The simulated flue gas was prepared by the combustion of the carbon disulphide solution in toluene (1:1 vol.) in the presence of the flame in the reactor. Such prepared flue gas with temperature around 150 °C was processed in the laboratory-designed O-element scrubber. Water was used as an absorbent liquid. The maximal efficiency of SO2 removal achieved by this process was up to 70 %, which is far better in comparison with the commonly used venturi Scrubbers. The pressure drop of our proposed newly designed wet scrubber is similar to that of the commonly used venturi Scrubbers; nevertheless, the influence of the amount of the liquid on pressure drop is not so significant. In parallel, a mathematical model describing the mass transfer, enthalpy balance and pH change of the absorbing solution was also developed. Enthalpy balance was calculated by numerical iteration to determine the unknown outlet liquid temperature. Mass transfer calculation was used for the determination of complete Henry constant from all the subsequent SO2 absorption reactions.Web of Science19242641
Dong Hoon Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the prediction of pcdd df levels in wet Scrubbers associated with waste incinerators
Chemosphere, 2007Co-Authors: Kiin Choi, Dong Hoon Lee, Masahiro Osako, Samcwan KimAbstract:Wet scrubber is one of the most conventional types of air pollutant control devices (APCDs), which is specially designed to treat dust and acidic gases in the flue gas simultaneously. In spite of its outstanding ability to control them, however, wet Scrubbers have been considered as potential contaminant sources that may increase PCDD/DF concentrations in the flue gas. In this study, we investigated the change of PCDD/DF concentrations at the inlets and outlets of seven wet Scrubbers, and compared them with other published data. With a multi-regression analysis of dust concentrations and temperature at the inlets and outlets of given wet Scrubbers, we developed an empirical model to understand factors dominating the change of PCDD/DF concentrations. As a result, we confirmed that the changes of PCDD/DF concentrations in wet Scrubbers are closely related to their concentrations at the inlets, which would usually be determined by the type of APCDs installed upstream of the wet scrubber.
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pcdd df concentrations at the inlets and outlets of wet Scrubbers in korean waste incinerators
Chemosphere, 2007Co-Authors: Kiin Choi, Dong Hoon LeeAbstract:Abstract To further understand the effects of wet Scrubbers on PCDD/DF levels, it was measured the concentrations of PCDD/DF, dust, and other gaseous pollutants at both the inlets and the outlets of seven wet Scrubbers. As a result, the concentrations of PCDD/DF at the inlets and outlets of the wet Scrubbers ranged from 0.2 to 37.4, and 0.8 to 6.0 ng TEQ N m −3 , respectively. With the exceptions of wet Scrubbers F and G, the PCDD/DF levels decreased by and large in most wet Scrubbers. It was thought that their relatively high removal efficiencies were more increased with heavier loads of dust and particle-bound PCDD/DF. On the other hand, it was also surveyed the increase of gaseous PCDD/DF in wet scrubber, where the total level of PCDD/DF was decreased. However, it was not sure whether it had been resulted from the thermal adsorption/desorption phenomenon between packing materials and emission gases or not. At the very least, however, although there still remains an unexplained aspect for the increase of gaseous PCDD/DF, it is clear that wet Scrubbers can be sufficiently applied to remove PCDD/DF to a certain extent, if only removal efficiencies for the particle loads are high, and if a significant part of the PCDD/DF at the inlets is particle associated.
Kiin Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the prediction of pcdd df levels in wet Scrubbers associated with waste incinerators
Chemosphere, 2007Co-Authors: Kiin Choi, Dong Hoon Lee, Masahiro Osako, Samcwan KimAbstract:Wet scrubber is one of the most conventional types of air pollutant control devices (APCDs), which is specially designed to treat dust and acidic gases in the flue gas simultaneously. In spite of its outstanding ability to control them, however, wet Scrubbers have been considered as potential contaminant sources that may increase PCDD/DF concentrations in the flue gas. In this study, we investigated the change of PCDD/DF concentrations at the inlets and outlets of seven wet Scrubbers, and compared them with other published data. With a multi-regression analysis of dust concentrations and temperature at the inlets and outlets of given wet Scrubbers, we developed an empirical model to understand factors dominating the change of PCDD/DF concentrations. As a result, we confirmed that the changes of PCDD/DF concentrations in wet Scrubbers are closely related to their concentrations at the inlets, which would usually be determined by the type of APCDs installed upstream of the wet scrubber.
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pcdd df concentrations at the inlets and outlets of wet Scrubbers in korean waste incinerators
Chemosphere, 2007Co-Authors: Kiin Choi, Dong Hoon LeeAbstract:Abstract To further understand the effects of wet Scrubbers on PCDD/DF levels, it was measured the concentrations of PCDD/DF, dust, and other gaseous pollutants at both the inlets and the outlets of seven wet Scrubbers. As a result, the concentrations of PCDD/DF at the inlets and outlets of the wet Scrubbers ranged from 0.2 to 37.4, and 0.8 to 6.0 ng TEQ N m −3 , respectively. With the exceptions of wet Scrubbers F and G, the PCDD/DF levels decreased by and large in most wet Scrubbers. It was thought that their relatively high removal efficiencies were more increased with heavier loads of dust and particle-bound PCDD/DF. On the other hand, it was also surveyed the increase of gaseous PCDD/DF in wet scrubber, where the total level of PCDD/DF was decreased. However, it was not sure whether it had been resulted from the thermal adsorption/desorption phenomenon between packing materials and emission gases or not. At the very least, however, although there still remains an unexplained aspect for the increase of gaseous PCDD/DF, it is clear that wet Scrubbers can be sufficiently applied to remove PCDD/DF to a certain extent, if only removal efficiencies for the particle loads are high, and if a significant part of the PCDD/DF at the inlets is particle associated.
Ronny Blust - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The impact of scrubber discharge on the water quality in estuaries and ports
Environmental Sciences Europe, 2020Co-Authors: Johannes Teuchies, Tom J. S. Cox, Katrien Itterbeeck, Filip J. R. Meysman, Ronny BlustAbstract:Background The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set limits on sulphur content in fuels for marine transport. However, vessels continue to use these residual high-sulphur fuels in combination with exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS or Scrubbers). Next to high sulphur, combustion of these fuels also results in higher emissions of contaminants including metals and PAHs. In Scrubbers, exhaust gases are sprayed with water in order to remove SOx, resulting in acidic washwater with elevated contaminant concentrations discharged in the aquatic ecosystem. The number of vessels with Scrubbers is increasing rapidly, but knowledge on washwater quality and impact are limited. Results The scrubber washwater is found to be acidic with elevated concentrations of, e.g. zinc, vanadium, copper, nickel, phenanthrene, naphthalene, fluorene and fluoranthene. Model calculations on the effects of scrubber discharge under scenario HIGH (20% of vessels, 90th percentile concentrations) on the water quality in harbour docks showed a decrease in pH of 0.015 units and an increase in surface water concentrations for e.g. naphthalene (189% increase) and vanadium (46% increase). Conclusions The IMO established sulphur regulations to mitigate the impact of high sulphur emissions of the maritime sector. However, the use of open-loop Scrubbers as an abatement technology will not reduce their contribution to ocean acidification. In addition, different types of Scrubbers discharge washwater that is acutely toxic for aquatic organisms. However, washwater is diluted and the compounds for which a large increase in surface water concentrations was calculated in the Antwerp (Belgium) harbour docks (naphthalene > phenanthrene > fluorene > acenaphthene > vanadium) were not the compounds that already exceed their respective Water Quality Standards (WQS). Nevertheless, the WQS of several ‘priority hazardous substances’ (Water Framework Directive) are already exceeded in the docks and the Scheldt estuary. Since these hazardous substances are also identified in the washwater, scrubber washwater discharge should be discouraged in coastal waters and estuaries with large ecological value.
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The impact of scrubber washwater on inland waters
2020Co-Authors: Johannes Teuchies, Tom J. S. Cox, Katrien Itterbeeck, Ronny BlustAbstract:Abstract Background : The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has set limits on sulphur content in fuels for marine transport. However, vessels continue to use these residual high sulphur fuels in combination with exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS or Scrubbers). Next to high sulphur, combustion of these fuels also results in higher emissions of contaminants including metals and PAHs. In Scrubbers, exhaust gases are sprayed with water in order to remove SOx, resulting in acidic washwater with elevated contaminant concentrations discharged in the aquatic ecosystem. The number of vessels with Scrubbers is increasing rapidly, but knowledge on washwater quality and impact are limited. Results : The scrubber washwater is found to be acidic with elevated concentrations of e.g. zinc, vanadium, copper, nickel, phenanthrene, naphthalene, fluorene and fluoranthene. Model calculations on the effects of scrubber (20% of vessels) discharge on aquatic systems showed a decrease in pH of 0.015 units and an increase in surface water concentrations for e.g. naphthalene (110% increase) and vanadium (17% increase). Conclusions : The IMO established sulphur regulations to mitigate the impact of high sulphur emissions of the maritime sector. However, the use of open loop Scrubbers as an abatement technology will not reduce their contribution to the acidification. In addition, different types of Scrubbers discharge washwater that is acute toxic for aquatic organisms. However, washwater is diluted and the compounds for which a large increase in surface water concentrations was calculated (Naphthalene > Phenanthrene > Fluorene > Acenaphthene > Vanadium) were not the compounds that already exceed their respective Water Quality Standards (WQS). Nevertheless, existing WQS exceedances of ‘priority hazardous substances’ (Water Framework Directive) that are also identified in the washwater indicate that coastal waters and estuaries, often with large ecological value, are already under pressure. In these areas the discharge of scrubber washwater should be discouraged.
Pavel Lestinsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Wet flue gas desulphurization using a new O-element design
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2017Co-Authors: Pavel Lestinsky, David Jecha, Vladimír Brummer, Pe StehlíkAbstract:Scrubbing by liquid sprayingis one of the most effective processes used for removal of fine particles and soluble gas pollutants (such as SO_2, HCl, HF) from the flue gas. The primary function of venturi scrubber, which represents the first stage of the wet flue gas cleaning processes, such as in waste incineration plants, is to capture fine particles as well as remove HCl, HF or SO_2 as a result of the decrease in the flue gas temperature before entering the absorption column. In this paper, a newly developed four-branch O-element is proposed as a replacement for venturi scrubber. By means of this device, sulphur dioxide (SO_2) removal efficiency and pressure loss and temperature drop were experimentally calculated. The dependence of these variables on liquid–gas ratio was monitored. The simulated flue gas was prepared by the combustion of the carbon disulphide solution in toluene (1:1 vol.) in the presence of the flame in the reactor. Such prepared flue gas with temperature around 150 °C was processed in the laboratory-designed O-element scrubber. Water was used as an absorbent liquid. The maximal efficiency of SO_2 removal achieved by this process was up to 70 %, which is far better in comparison with the commonly used venturi Scrubbers. The pressure drop of our proposed newly designed wet scrubber is similar to that of the commonly used venturi Scrubbers; nevertheless, the influence of the amount of the liquid on pressure drop is not so significant. In parallel, a mathematical model describing the mass transfer, enthalpy balance and pH change of the absorbing solution was also developed. Enthalpy balance was calculated by numerical iteration to determine the unknown outlet liquid temperature. Mass transfer calculation was used for the determination of complete Henry constant from all the subsequent SO_2 absorption reactions.
