The Experts below are selected from a list of 25443 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Detlef Stolten - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
life cycle assessment of hydrogen transport and distribution options
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018Co-Authors: Christina Wulf, Martin Robinius, Thomas Grube, Markus Reus, Petra Zapp, Jurgenfriedrich Hake, Detlef StoltenAbstract:Abstract Renewably produced hydrogen offers a solution for mobility via fuel cell electric vehicles without emissions during driving. However, the hydrogen supply chain, from hydrogen production to the fueling station – incorporating Seasonal Storage and transport – varies in economic and environmental aspects depending on the technology used, as well as individual conditions, such as the distance between production and demand. Previous studies have focused on the economic aspects of varying technologies and elaborated application areas of each technology, while environmental issues were not specifically considered. To address this shortcoming, this paper presents a life cycle assessment of three supply chain architectures: (a) Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs hereinafter) for transport and Storage; as well as (b) compressed hydrogen Storage in salt caverns, together with pipelines; and (c) pressurized gas truck transport. The results of this study show that the pipeline solution has the least environmental impact with respect to most of the impact categories for all analyzed cases. Only for short distances, i.e., 100 km, is truck transport better in a few impact categories. When considering truck transport scenarios, LOHCs have higher environmental impacts than pressurized gas in seven out of 14 impact categories. Nevertheless, for longer distances, the difference is decreasing. The Seasonal Storage of hydrogen has almost no environmental influence, independent of the impact category, transport distance or hydrogen demand. In particular, strong scaling effects underlie the good performance of pipeline networks.
-
time series aggregation for energy system design modeling Seasonal Storage
Applied Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Leander Kotzur, Martin Robinius, Detlef Stolten, Peter MarkewitzAbstract:The optimization-based design of renewable energy systems is a computationally demanding task because of the high temporal fluctuation of supply and demand time series. In order to reduce these time series, the aggregation of typical operation periods has become common. The problem with this method is that these aggregated typical periods are modeled independently and cannot exchange energy. Therefore, Seasonal Storage cannot be adequately taken into account, although this will be necessary for energy systems with a high share of renewable generation.
-
time series aggregation for energy system design modeling Seasonal Storage
Applied Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Leander Kotzur, Martin Robinius, Detlef Stolten, Peter MarkewitzAbstract:Abstract The optimization-based design of renewable energy systems is a computationally demanding task because of the high temporal fluctuation of supply and demand time series. In order to reduce these time series, the aggregation of typical operation periods has become common. The problem with this method is that these aggregated typical periods are modeled independently and cannot exchange energy. Therefore, Seasonal Storage cannot be adequately taken into account, although this will be necessary for energy systems with a high share of renewable generation. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel mathematical description for Storage inventories based on the superposition of inter-period and intra-period states. Inter-period states connect the typical periods and are able to account their sequence. The approach has been adopted for different energy system configurations. The results show that a significant reduction in the computational load can be achieved also for long term Storage-based energy system models in comparison to optimization models based on the full annual time series.
Mustafa Inalli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Thermal and economic comparisons of solar heating systems with Seasonal Storage used in building heating
Renewable Energy, 2008Co-Authors: Aynur Ucar, Mustafa InalliAbstract:In this study, the thermal performances and economic savings of the three types of central solar heating system with Seasonal Storage are compared. Three types of Seasonal Storage were simulated: Storage tank without insulation on ground, Storage tank with insulation on ground, and underground Storage tank without insulation. The long-term temperatures of water in the Storage tank are calculated by finite element code ANSYS™. The simulation results showed that the higher solar fraction and savings are obtained for system with Storage buried into ground. Furthermore, the solar fraction of the Storage tank system with insulation is significantly higher than that of without insulation Storage system. Also, the solar fraction and savings of system with the evacuated tube collector are higher compared to other black paint flat plate collector.
-
exergoeconomic analysis and optimization of a solar assisted heating system for residential buildings
Building and Environment, 2006Co-Authors: A Ucar, Mustafa InalliAbstract:Abstract In this study, an exergoeconomic model was developed for analysis and optimization of solar heating systems with residential buildings. The optimum collector area ( A c ) and Storage volume ( V ) for solar-assisted heating system in the Elazig, Turkey ( 38 . 7 ∘ N ) , weather conditions were obtained using MATLAB optimization toolbox. The energy and exergy losses in each of the components of a solar heating system with Seasonal Storage were also determined. The results showed that the exergy loss and total cost increased with increasing per house collector area for the trapeze and cylindirical tanks. It was found that the total cost of the cylindrical tank system was higher than that of the other trapeze tank system. The exergy loss at the cylindrical tank was 19.8%, while the exergy loss at the trapeze tank was 8.3%.
-
thermal and economical analysis of a central solar heating system with underground Seasonal Storage in turkey
Renewable Energy, 2005Co-Authors: Aynur Ucar, Mustafa InalliAbstract:Thermal performance and economic feasibility of two types of central solar heating system with Seasonal Storage under four climatically different Turkey locations are investigated. The effects of Storage volume and collector area on the thermal performance and cost are studied for three load sizes. The simulation model of the system consisting of flat plate solar collectors, a heat pump, under ground Storage tank and heating load based on a finite element analysis and finite element code ANSYS™ is chosen as a convenient tool. In this study, the lowest solar fraction value for Trabzon (41°N) and the highest solar fraction value for Adana (37°N) are obtained. Based on the economic analysis, the payback period of system is found to be about 25–35 years for Turkey.
M Bakker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
prototype thermochemical heat Storage with open reactor system
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Benjamin Kikkert, R De Boer, Sf Simon Smeding, M BakkerAbstract:Thermochemical (TC) heat Storage is an interesting technology for future Seasonal Storage of solar heat in the built environment. This technology enables high thermal energy Storage densities and low energy Storage losses. A small-scale laboratory prototype TC Storage system has been realized at ECN, applying an open sorption system concept. The packed bed contains 17dm3 of sorption material and is capable of generating 150W of thermal power. An effective energy Storage density of approximately 0.5GJ/m3 was obtained.
-
prototype thermochemical heat Storage with open reactor system
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Benjamin Kikkert, R De Boer, Sf Simon Smeding, M BakkerAbstract:Thermochemical (TC) heat Storage is an interesting technology for future Seasonal Storage of solar heat in the built environment. This technology enables high thermal energy Storage densities and low energy Storage losses. A small-scale laboratory prototype TC Storage system has been realized at ECN, applying an open sorption system concept. The packed bed contains 17dm3 of sorption material and is capable of generating 150W of thermal power. An effective energy Storage density of approximately 0.5GJ/m3 was obtained.
R De Boer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Seasonal Storage of Solar Heat Reactor Modeling Seasonal Storage OF SOLAR HEAT: REACTOR MODELING
2020Co-Authors: R De Boer, A RubinoAbstract:ABSTRACT This work is aimed to illustrate the formulation and implementation of a thermo-chemical reactor model for Seasonal Storage of solar heat under development at the Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, in such a way to give information about the design of the planned lab-reactor upscale. The implementation of the model has been carried out by using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics, which enabled to solve the proposed system of partial differential and algebraic equations, both in space and time
-
prototype thermochemical heat Storage with open reactor system
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Benjamin Kikkert, R De Boer, Sf Simon Smeding, M BakkerAbstract:Thermochemical (TC) heat Storage is an interesting technology for future Seasonal Storage of solar heat in the built environment. This technology enables high thermal energy Storage densities and low energy Storage losses. A small-scale laboratory prototype TC Storage system has been realized at ECN, applying an open sorption system concept. The packed bed contains 17dm3 of sorption material and is capable of generating 150W of thermal power. An effective energy Storage density of approximately 0.5GJ/m3 was obtained.
-
prototype thermochemical heat Storage with open reactor system
Applied Energy, 2013Co-Authors: Benjamin Kikkert, R De Boer, Sf Simon Smeding, M BakkerAbstract:Thermochemical (TC) heat Storage is an interesting technology for future Seasonal Storage of solar heat in the built environment. This technology enables high thermal energy Storage densities and low energy Storage losses. A small-scale laboratory prototype TC Storage system has been realized at ECN, applying an open sorption system concept. The packed bed contains 17dm3 of sorption material and is capable of generating 150W of thermal power. An effective energy Storage density of approximately 0.5GJ/m3 was obtained.
-
Seasonal Storage of solar heat reactor modeling
9 p., 2012Co-Authors: R De Boer, A RubinoAbstract:This work is aimed to illustrate the formulation and implementation of a thermo-chemical reactor model for Seasonal Storage of solar heat under development at the Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, in such a way to give information about the design of the planned lab-reactor upscale. The implementation of the model has been carried out by using the commercial software COMSOL Multiphysics, which enabled to solve the proposed system of partial differential and algebraic equations, both in space and time.
L Serra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
simple calculation tool for central solar heating plants with Seasonal Storage
Solar Energy, 2015Co-Authors: Mateo Guadalfajara, Miguel A Lozano, L SerraAbstract:Abstract Central Solar Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are able to produce thermal energy from solar radiation during all the year providing a significant part of the residential sector demands for Space Heating (SH) and Domestic Hot Water (DHW), using district heating systems. The yearly dynamic simulation is a complex process requiring local detailed climatic and demand data in order to properly design/sizing the plant components to reach the desired solar fraction. In this paper is proposed a simple method for the calculation of CSHPSS using demand data and easy to find available public climatic data. The proposed method is a useful tool to evaluate the CSHPSS system at early project stage as well as to perform parametric analysis in order to establish optimization and design criteria. The method is completely described and applied for a specific location in Spain to size the main components of the system which are the solar collector field area and the volume of the Seasonal Storage. It is also applied to perform a comparative analysis of CSHPSS located in different climatic areas of Spain. The obtained results reveal that the location of the plant and the different demands corresponding to different climatic areas affect very significantly the sizing and design criteria of CSHPSS.
-
a simple method to calculate central solar heating plants with Seasonal Storage
Energy Procedia, 2014Co-Authors: Mateo Guadalfajara, Miguel A Lozano, L SerraAbstract:Abstract Central Solar Heating Plants with Seasonal Storage (CSHPSS) are systems producing heat from solar radiation for a district heating system. These systems are able to produce thermal energy during all the year providing a significant part (high solar fraction) of the demands required for space heating and Domestic Hot Water (DHW). The design and calculation of the behaviour of these systems during the year is a complex process requiring detailed climatic and demand data in order to properly design/sizing the plant components to reach the desired behaviour (e.g. a specific solar fraction). The location of the plant and the different demands corresponding to different climatic areas affect very significantly the behaviour of these systems. As a consequence, the sizing and design criteria of the pieces of components of these systems are very different in the North and the South of Europe. The utilization of simple methods for the calculation of these systems allows the design of the main components and provides an estimate of the behaviour of the system during the year. In this paper is proposed a simple method for the calculation of CSHPSS using demand data and simple and easy to find available public climatic data. The proposed method is completely described and applied to specific Spanish locations to pre-design the main components of these systems. The model also provides a preliminary economic evaluation of the system and is very useful to perform parametric analysis to evaluate the CSHPSS system performance, as well as to establish optimization and design criteria of CSHPSS.
