The Experts below are selected from a list of 17721 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Paul H Walton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in biomass conversion
    Trends in Biotechnology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Glyn R Hemsworth, Esther M Johnston, Gideon J Davies, Paul H Walton
    Abstract:

    The derivation of Second-Generation Biofuels from non-edible biomass is viewed as crucial for establishing a sustainable bio-based economy for the future. The inertness of lignocellulosic biomass makes its breakdown for conversion into fuels and other compounds a challenge. Enzyme cocktails can be utilized in the bio-refinery for lignocellulose deconstruction but until recently their costs were regarded as high. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) offer tremendous promise for further process improvements owing to their ability to boost the activity of biomass-degrading enzyme consortia. Combining data from multiple disciplines, progress has been made in understanding the biochemistry of LPMOs. We review the academic literature in this area and highlight some of the key questions that remain.

Thomas J Venus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the interaction between eu biofuel policy and first and second generation biodiesel production
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2017
    Co-Authors: Coen Boutesteijn, Dusan Drabik, Thomas J Venus
    Abstract:

    We build a tractable partial equilibrium model to study the interactions between the EU biofuel policies (mandate and double-counting of Second-Generation Biofuels) and first- and Second-Generation biodiesel production. We find that increasing the biodiesel mandate results in a higher share of first-generation biodiesel in total diesel fuel, but leads to a lower share of Second-Generation biodiesel. The double-counting policy supports the production of Second-Generation biodiesel at the expense of a lower share of first-generation biodiesel, and increases the consumption of fossil diesel as compared to treating first- and Second-Generation biodiesel equally. Finally, improved collection of used cooking oil reduces the price of oilseeds and oils thereof, the prices of both biofuel types, and negligibly also the consumer fuel price.

Maurizio Bruschi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • catalytic mechanism of fungal lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases investigated by first principles calculations
    Inorganic Chemistry, 2018
    Co-Authors: Luca Bertini, Raffaella Breglia, Matteo Lambrughi, Piercarlo Fantucci, Luca De Gioia, Marco Borsari, Marco Sola, Carlo Augusto Bortolotti, Maurizio Bruschi
    Abstract:

    Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are Cu-containing enzymes that facilitate the degradation of recalcitrant polysaccharides by the oxidative cleavage of glycosidic bonds. They are gaining rapidly increasing attention as key players in biomass conversion, especially for the production of Second-Generation Biofuels. Elucidation of the detailed mechanism of the LPMO reaction is a major step toward the assessment and optimization of LPMO efficacy in industrial biotechnology, paving the way to utilization of sustainable fuel sources. Here, we used density functional theory calculations to study the reaction pathways suggested to date, exploiting a very large active-site model for a fungal AA9 LPMO and using a celloheptaose unit as a substrate mimic. We identify a copper oxyl intermediate as being responsible for H-atom abstraction from the substrate, followed by a rapid, water-assisted hydroxyl rebound, leading to substrate hydroxylation.

Glyn R Hemsworth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases in biomass conversion
    Trends in Biotechnology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Glyn R Hemsworth, Esther M Johnston, Gideon J Davies, Paul H Walton
    Abstract:

    The derivation of Second-Generation Biofuels from non-edible biomass is viewed as crucial for establishing a sustainable bio-based economy for the future. The inertness of lignocellulosic biomass makes its breakdown for conversion into fuels and other compounds a challenge. Enzyme cocktails can be utilized in the bio-refinery for lignocellulose deconstruction but until recently their costs were regarded as high. Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) offer tremendous promise for further process improvements owing to their ability to boost the activity of biomass-degrading enzyme consortia. Combining data from multiple disciplines, progress has been made in understanding the biochemistry of LPMOs. We review the academic literature in this area and highlight some of the key questions that remain.

Coen Boutesteijn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the interaction between eu biofuel policy and first and second generation biodiesel production
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2017
    Co-Authors: Coen Boutesteijn, Dusan Drabik, Thomas J Venus
    Abstract:

    We build a tractable partial equilibrium model to study the interactions between the EU biofuel policies (mandate and double-counting of Second-Generation Biofuels) and first- and Second-Generation biodiesel production. We find that increasing the biodiesel mandate results in a higher share of first-generation biodiesel in total diesel fuel, but leads to a lower share of Second-Generation biodiesel. The double-counting policy supports the production of Second-Generation biodiesel at the expense of a lower share of first-generation biodiesel, and increases the consumption of fossil diesel as compared to treating first- and Second-Generation biodiesel equally. Finally, improved collection of used cooking oil reduces the price of oilseeds and oils thereof, the prices of both biofuel types, and negligibly also the consumer fuel price.