The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Christopher J Armitage - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effectiveness of experimenter provided and self generated implementation intentions to reduce alcohol consumption in a sample of the general population a randomized exploratory trial
Health Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Christopher J ArmitageAbstract:OBJECTIVE: To test the effectiveness of implementation intentions to decrease alcohol consumption and control for possible demand characteristics by employing an active control condition and contrasting experimenter-provided with self-generated implementation intentions. DESIGN: Two hundred forty-eight participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 conditions: questionnaire-only; questionnaire plus planning instruction; questionnaire, planning instruction plus experimenter-provided implementation intention; or questionnaire, planning instruction plus self-generated implementation intention. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Alcohol intake. RESULTS: There were clinically and statistically significant decreases in alcohol consumption in the 2 experimental conditions, but not in the 2 control conditions, F(3, 237) = 3.34, p < .05, etap(2) = .04. There were no significant differences between experimenter-provided and self-generated implementation intentions (p = .62). Compliance moderated the effects of self-generated implementation intentions only, such that alcohol intake only significantly decreased in participants who complied with the instructions, F(1, 52) = 4.20, p < .05, etap(2) = .07. However, simply choosing an experimenter-provided implementation intention was just as effective as writing it out in full, implying that implementation intentions work even with minimal information processing. CONCLUSION: The findings further support use of implementation intentions to protect against health risk behaviors and are congruent with laboratory research showing that implementation intentions are a case of strategic automaticity.
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effectiveness of experimenter provided and self generated implementation intentions to reduce alcohol consumption in a sample of the general population a randomized exploratory trial
Health Psychology, 2009Co-Authors: Christopher J ArmitageAbstract:Objective: To test the effectiveness of implementation intentions to decrease alcohol consumption and control for possible demand characteristics by employing an active control condition and contrasting experimenter-provided with self-generated implementation intentions. Design: Two hundred forty-eight participants were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 conditions: questionnaire-only; questionnaire plus planning instruction; questionnaire, planning instruction plus experimenter-provided implementation intention; or questionnaire, planning instruction plus self-generated implementation intention. Main Outcome Measure: Alcohol intake. Results: There were clinically and statistically significant decreases in alcohol consumption in the 2 experimental conditions, but not in the 2 control conditions, F(3, 237) = 3.34, p < .05, η p 2 = .04. There were no significant differences between experimenter-provided and self-generated implementation intentions (p = .62). Compliance moderated the effects of self-generated implementation intentions only, such that alcohol intake only significantly decreased in participants who complied with the instructions, F(1, 52) = 4.20, p < .05, η p 2 = .07. However, simply choosing an experimenter-provided implementation intention was just as effective as writing it out in full, implying that implementation intentions work even with minimal information processing. Conclusion: The findings further support use of implementation intentions to protect against health risk behaviors and are congruent with laboratory research showing that implementation intentions are a case of strategic automaticity.
Colin Tucker Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relational information moderates approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation
Acta Psychologica, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Jan De Houwer, Colin Tucker SmithAbstract:Previous research demonstrated that instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus can result in a spontaneous or implicit preference for the former stimulus. In the current study, we tested whether the effect of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation depends on the relational information embedded in these instructions. Participants received instructions that they would move towards a certain non-existing word and move away from another non-existing word (self-agent instructions) or that one non-existing word would move towards them and the other non-existing word would move away from them (stimulus-agent instructions). Results showed that self-agent instructions produced stronger effects than stimulus-agent instructions on implicit evaluations of the non-existing words. These findings support the idea that propositional processes play an important role in effects of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation and in implicit evaluation in general.
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mechanisms underlying approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation results of a preregistered adversarial collaboration
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Bertram Gawronski, Colin Tucker Smith, Jan De HouwerAbstract:Abstract Previous research demonstrated that mere instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus result in an implicit preference for the to-be-approached over the to-be-avoided stimulus. To investigate the mechanisms underlying approach-avoidance (AA) instruction effects, we tested predictions of a propositional account and an associative self-anchoring account in a preregistered adversarial collaboration. Consistent with the propositional account, Experiment 1 showed that avoidance instructions had a negative effect on implicit evaluations over and above the positive effect of approach instructions. Consistent with the associative self-anchoring account, Experiment 2 showed that changes in implicit self-stimulus linking mediated AA instruction effects on implicit evaluations. However, mediation was only partial, in that AA instructions showed a significant effect on implicit evaluations after controlling for implicit self-stimulus linking. Together, the results support the contribution of propositional processes to AA instruction effects; the results remain ambiguous regarding an additional contribution of associative self-anchoring.
Jan De Houwer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relational information moderates approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation
Acta Psychologica, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Jan De Houwer, Colin Tucker SmithAbstract:Previous research demonstrated that instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus can result in a spontaneous or implicit preference for the former stimulus. In the current study, we tested whether the effect of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation depends on the relational information embedded in these instructions. Participants received instructions that they would move towards a certain non-existing word and move away from another non-existing word (self-agent instructions) or that one non-existing word would move towards them and the other non-existing word would move away from them (stimulus-agent instructions). Results showed that self-agent instructions produced stronger effects than stimulus-agent instructions on implicit evaluations of the non-existing words. These findings support the idea that propositional processes play an important role in effects of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation and in implicit evaluation in general.
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mechanisms underlying approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation results of a preregistered adversarial collaboration
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Bertram Gawronski, Colin Tucker Smith, Jan De HouwerAbstract:Abstract Previous research demonstrated that mere instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus result in an implicit preference for the to-be-approached over the to-be-avoided stimulus. To investigate the mechanisms underlying approach-avoidance (AA) instruction effects, we tested predictions of a propositional account and an associative self-anchoring account in a preregistered adversarial collaboration. Consistent with the propositional account, Experiment 1 showed that avoidance instructions had a negative effect on implicit evaluations over and above the positive effect of approach instructions. Consistent with the associative self-anchoring account, Experiment 2 showed that changes in implicit self-stimulus linking mediated AA instruction effects on implicit evaluations. However, mediation was only partial, in that AA instructions showed a significant effect on implicit evaluations after controlling for implicit self-stimulus linking. Together, the results support the contribution of propositional processes to AA instruction effects; the results remain ambiguous regarding an additional contribution of associative self-anchoring.
Pieter Van Dessel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relational information moderates approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation
Acta Psychologica, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Jan De Houwer, Colin Tucker SmithAbstract:Previous research demonstrated that instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus can result in a spontaneous or implicit preference for the former stimulus. In the current study, we tested whether the effect of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation depends on the relational information embedded in these instructions. Participants received instructions that they would move towards a certain non-existing word and move away from another non-existing word (self-agent instructions) or that one non-existing word would move towards them and the other non-existing word would move away from them (stimulus-agent instructions). Results showed that self-agent instructions produced stronger effects than stimulus-agent instructions on implicit evaluations of the non-existing words. These findings support the idea that propositional processes play an important role in effects of approach-avoidance instructions on implicit evaluation and in implicit evaluation in general.
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mechanisms underlying approach avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation results of a preregistered adversarial collaboration
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2017Co-Authors: Pieter Van Dessel, Bertram Gawronski, Colin Tucker Smith, Jan De HouwerAbstract:Abstract Previous research demonstrated that mere instructions to approach one stimulus and avoid another stimulus result in an implicit preference for the to-be-approached over the to-be-avoided stimulus. To investigate the mechanisms underlying approach-avoidance (AA) instruction effects, we tested predictions of a propositional account and an associative self-anchoring account in a preregistered adversarial collaboration. Consistent with the propositional account, Experiment 1 showed that avoidance instructions had a negative effect on implicit evaluations over and above the positive effect of approach instructions. Consistent with the associative self-anchoring account, Experiment 2 showed that changes in implicit self-stimulus linking mediated AA instruction effects on implicit evaluations. However, mediation was only partial, in that AA instructions showed a significant effect on implicit evaluations after controlling for implicit self-stimulus linking. Together, the results support the contribution of propositional processes to AA instruction effects; the results remain ambiguous regarding an additional contribution of associative self-anchoring.
Zain Navabi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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instruction level test methodology for cpu core self testing
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems, 2005Co-Authors: Saeed Shamshiri, Hadi Esmaeilzadeh, Zain NavabiAbstract:TIS is an instruction-level methodology for processor core self-testing that enhances instruction set of a CPU with test instructions. Since the functionality of test instructions is the same as the NOP instruction, NOP instructions can be replaced with test instructions. Online testing can be accomplished without any performance penalty. TIS tests different parts of the processor and detects stuck-at faults. This method can be employed in offline and online testing of single-cycle, multicycle and pipelined processors. But, TIS is more appropriate for online testing of pipelined architectures in which NOP instructions are frequently executed because of data, control and structural hazards. Running test instructions instead of these NOP instructions, TIS utilizes the time that is otherwise wasted by NOPs. In this article, two different implementations of TIS are presented. One implementation employs a dedicated hardware modules for test vector generation, while the other is a software-based approach that reads test vectors from memory. These two approaches are implemented on a pipelined processor core and their area overheads are compared. To demonstrate the appropriateness of the TIS test technique, several programs are executed and fault coverage results are presented.
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test instruction set tis for high level self testing of cpu cores
Asian Test Symposium, 2004Co-Authors: Saeed Shamshiri, Hadi Esmaeilzadeh, Zain NavabiAbstract:TIS (test instruction set) is an instruction level technique for CPU core self-testing. This method is based on enhancing a CPU instruction set with test instructions. TIS replaces the NOP instruction that is available in most processors with test instructions so that online testing can be done with no performance penalty. This method can be applied to both offline and online (concurrent) testing of all types of processors (single-cycle, multi-cycle and pipelined). TIS is appropriate for pipelined architectures in which one or many NOP instructions (or stalls) are inserted between instructions that are data or control dependent. We have implemented this test method on a pipelined CPU core and several test programs for this pipelined CPU are used to illustrate the method. Also fault coverage results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the TIS test technique.
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instruction level test methodology for cpu core software based self testing
High Level Design Validation and Test, 2004Co-Authors: Saeed Shamshiri, Hadi Esmaeilzadeh, Zain NavabiAbstract:TIS (S. Shamshiri et al., 2004) is an instruction level methodology for CPU core self-testing that enhances the instruction set of a CPU with test instructions. Since the functionality of test instructions is the same as the NOP instruction, NOP instructions can be replaced with test instructions so that online testing can be done with no performance penalty. TIS tests different parts of the CPU and detects stuck-at faults. This method can be employed in offline and online testing of all kinds of processors. Hardware-oriented implementation of TIS was proposed previously (S. Shamshiri et al., 2004) that tests just the combinational units of the processor. Contributions of this paper are first, a software-based approach that reduces the hardware overhead to a reasonable size and second, testing the sequential parts of the processor besides the combinational parts. Both hardware and software oriented approaches are implemented on a pipelined CPU core and their area overheads are compared. To demonstrate the appropriateness of the TIS test technique, several programs are executed and fault coverage results are presented.
