The Experts below are selected from a list of 69 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lucille B Beck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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va prosthetic and Sensory Aids service 65 years of progress
Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 2013Co-Authors: Lucille B BeckAbstract:The JRRD article written by Stewart in 1965 entitled “Twenty Years of Progress” highlighted the progress of the Veteran Administration’s Prosthetic and Sensory Aids Service since World War II. Recognizing the importance of prosthetic and Sensory Aids to Veteran healthcare during those early days set the foundation for the department of today to become the largest and most comprehensive provider of prosthetic devices and Sensory Aids in the world. Since 1965, the world has experienced unprecedented advancements in technology and healthcare with the development of the personal computer and advent of the “Information Age,” the Internet and global communication, and the rapid evolution of microtechnology. The “Veteran Administration” has become the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), the second largest department in the Federal government, employing more than 280,000 employees and operating America’s largest integrated healthcare system, with more than 1,700 hospitals, clinics, community living centers, domiciliaries, readjustment counseling centers, and other facilities. In fiscal year 2012, VA surpassed the level of prosthetic and Sensory Aids services provided in previous years, spending more than $2 billion to provide 14.5 million prosthetic devices, items, Sensory Aids, and services to more than 2.7 million Veterans. Nearly half of all Veterans currently seen in VA for healthcare receive prosthetic and Sensory Aids services and nearly onethird see a rehabilitation services healthcare provider. In the half century since publication of Stewart’s article, our nation has also been engaged in military conflicts in Vietnam, Persian Gulf, Africa, Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, and Afghanistan. Military medical and tactical advancements have resulted in a significant increase in the survivability of combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan. As we strive to meet VA’s core mission of serving and honoring America’s Veterans, we recognize that the goal of VA’s Rehabilitation and Prosthetic and Sensory Aids Services remains steadfast: to maximize Veterans’ independence and maintain an optimal level of physical and cognitive function that enables them to integrate successfully into their communities. The way in which VA helps Veterans successfully achieve this goal in 2013 is through a patient-centered interdisciplinary care team in a fully engaged partnership with Veterans and their families. Today, VA provides the full spectrum of world-class prosthetic and rehabilitation services for Veterans—whether such services are needed as a result of ordinary healthrelated changes or more complex and multiple injuries (i.e., polytrauma), including traumatic amputation, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injuries and disorders, vision impairment and blindness, hearing loss, and musculoskeletal injuries. Using interdisciplinary healthcare teams and advanced systems of care to deliver rehabilitation and prosthetic services, VA provides all clinically appropriate and commercially available state-of-the-art prosthetic equipment and Sensory Aids and devices that cross the full range of patient care. Such items include artificial limbs and bracing, wheeled mobility and seating systems, Sensory-neural Aids (e.g., hearing Aids, eyeglasses), cognitive prosthetic devices, items specific to women’s health, surgical implants, home respiratory care, recreational and sports equipment, and special benefits programs (to include clothing allowance, automobile adaptive equipment, and home improvement and structural alterations). VA meets the rehabilitation and prosthetic needs of Veterans in the 21st century by engaging in a dynamic process that (1) conducts and supports research to develop new technologies and clinical practices; (2) evaluates and integrates emerging products and technologies; (3) applies an evidence-based synthesis approach to assess outcomes-driven care and services; and (4) coordinates clinical
Mary Joe Osberger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Imitative consonant feature production by children with multichannel Sensory Aids.
Ear and hearing, 1998Co-Authors: Susan Todd Sehgal, Karen Iler Kirk, Mario A. Svirsky, David J. Ertmer, Mary Joe OsbergerAbstract:Objective To examine changes over time in consonant feature production by children with profound hearing impairments who used either the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant or the multichannel vibrotactile aid, Tactaid 7. Design Imitative consonant productions of children with prelingual deafness were elicited and transcribed at two intervals: 1) before receiving their respective devices (predevice interval), and 2) after an average of 1.5 yr of device use (postdevice interval). The consonant productions were analyzed in terms of the percentage of consonant features (manner, place, and voicing) produced by the child that matched the features of the examiner's target. The percentage of features produced correctly was then averaged across repetitions, vowel environments, and participants within each group. Results At the predevice interval, the cochlear implant and Tactaid 7 participants demonstrated similar imitative consonant production abilities. After an average of 1.5 yr of device use, the cochlear implant participants demonstrated significantly greater gains than did the Tactaid 7 participants for the features of voicing and place of articulation. Although the cochlear implant participants showed a trend towards better production of the consonant manner features, this difference failed to reach significance. Conclusions The current results suggest that the use of a multichannel Sensory aid yields improvements in consonant feature production. Furthermore, use of a cochlear implant appears to promote the production of consonant voicing and place features to a greater degree than does the use of a multichannel tactile aid.
Karen Iler Kirk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Imitative consonant feature production by children with multichannel Sensory Aids.
Ear and hearing, 1998Co-Authors: Susan Todd Sehgal, Karen Iler Kirk, Mario A. Svirsky, David J. Ertmer, Mary Joe OsbergerAbstract:Objective To examine changes over time in consonant feature production by children with profound hearing impairments who used either the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant or the multichannel vibrotactile aid, Tactaid 7. Design Imitative consonant productions of children with prelingual deafness were elicited and transcribed at two intervals: 1) before receiving their respective devices (predevice interval), and 2) after an average of 1.5 yr of device use (postdevice interval). The consonant productions were analyzed in terms of the percentage of consonant features (manner, place, and voicing) produced by the child that matched the features of the examiner's target. The percentage of features produced correctly was then averaged across repetitions, vowel environments, and participants within each group. Results At the predevice interval, the cochlear implant and Tactaid 7 participants demonstrated similar imitative consonant production abilities. After an average of 1.5 yr of device use, the cochlear implant participants demonstrated significantly greater gains than did the Tactaid 7 participants for the features of voicing and place of articulation. Although the cochlear implant participants showed a trend towards better production of the consonant manner features, this difference failed to reach significance. Conclusions The current results suggest that the use of a multichannel Sensory aid yields improvements in consonant feature production. Furthermore, use of a cochlear implant appears to promote the production of consonant voicing and place features to a greater degree than does the use of a multichannel tactile aid.
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new directions for assessing speech perception in persons with Sensory Aids
The Annals of otology rhinology & laryngology. Supplement, 1995Co-Authors: Karen Iler Kirk, David B Pisoni, Mitchell S Sommers, M Young, C EvansonAbstract:This study examined the influence of stimulus variability and lexical difficulty on the speech perception performance of adults who used either multichannel cochlear implants or conventional hearing Aids. The effects of stimulus variability were examined by comparing word identification in single-talker versus multiple-talker conditions. Lexical effects were assessed by comparing recognition of "easy" words (ie, words that occur frequently and have few phonemically similar words, or neighbors) with "hard" words (ie, words with the opposite lexical characteristics). Word recognition performance was assessed in either closed- or open-set response formats. The results demonstrated that both stimulus variability and lexical difficulty influenced word recognition performance. Identification scores were poorer in the multiple-talker than in the single-talker conditions. Also, scores for lexically "easy" items were better than those for "hard" items. The effects of stimulus variability were not evident when a closed-set response format was employed.
Adolf Pfefferbaum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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postural sway reduction in aging men and women relation to brain structure cognitive status and stabilizing factors
Neurobiology of Aging, 2009Co-Authors: Edith V Sullivan, Jessica Rose, Torsten Rohlfing, Adolf PfefferbaumAbstract:Postural stability becomes compromised with advancing age, but the neural mechanisms contributing to instability have not been fully explicated. Accordingly, this quantitative physiological and MRI study of sex differences across the adult age range examined the association between components of postural control and the integrity of brain structure and function under different conditions of Sensory input and stance stabilization manipulation. The groups comprised 28 healthy men (age 30–73 years) and 38 healthy women (age 34–74 years), who completed balance platform testing, cognitive assessment, and structural MRI. The results supported the hypothesis that excessive postural sway would be greater in older than younger healthy individuals when standing without Sensory or stance Aids, and that introduction of such Aids would reduce sway in both principal directions (anterior–posterior and medial–lateral) and in both the open-loop and closed-loop components of postural control even in older individuals. Sway reduction with stance stabilization, that is, standing with feet apart, was greater in men than women, probably because older men were less stable than women when standing with their feet together. Greater sway was related to evidence for greater brain structural involutional changes, indexed as ventricular and sulcal enlargement and white matter hyperintensity burden. In women, poorer cognitive test performance related to less sway reduction with the use of Sensory Aids. Thus, aging men and women were shown to have diminished postural control, associated with cognitive and brain structural involution, in unstable stance conditions and with diminished Sensory input.
Chaoyang Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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primary or secondary tasks dual task interference between cyclist hazard perception and cadence control using cross modal Sensory Aids with rider assistance bike computers
Applied Ergonomics, 2017Co-Authors: Chaoyang YangAbstract:Abstract This research investigated the risks involved in bicycle riding while using various Sensory modalities to deliver training information. To understand the risks associated with using bike computers, this study evaluated hazard perception performance through lab-based simulations of authentic riding conditions. Analysing hazard sensitivity (d') of signal detection theory, the rider's response time, and eye glances provided insights into the risks of using bike computers. In this study, 30 participants were tested with eight hazard perception tasks while they maintained a cadence of 60 ± 5 RPM and used bike computers with different Sensory displays, namely visual, auditory, and tactile feedback signals. The results indicated that synchronously using different sense organs to receive cadence feedback significantly affects hazard perception performance; direct visual information leads to the worst rider distraction, with a mean sensitivity to hazards (d') of −1.03. For systems with multiple interacting Sensory Aids, auditory Aids were found to result in the greatest reduction in sensitivity to hazards (d' mean = −0.57), whereas tactile Sensory Aids reduced the degree of rider distraction (d' mean = −0.23). Our work complements existing work in this domain by advancing the understanding of how to design devices that deliver information subtly, thereby preventing disruption of a rider's perception of road hazards.
