The Experts below are selected from a list of 45 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Peter W R Woodruff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Is facial emotion recognition impairment in schizophrenia identical for different emotions? A signal detection analysis
Schizophrenia Research, 2008Co-Authors: Daphne T. Tsoi, Kwang Hyuk Lee, Waqqas A. Khokhar, Nusrat U. Mir, Jaspal S. Swalli, Kate A. Gee, Graham Pluck, Peter W R WoodruffAbstract:Patients with schizophrenia have difficulty recognising the emotion that corresponds to a given facial expression. According to signal detection theory, two separate Processes are involved in facial emotion perception: a Sensory Process (measured by sensitivity which is the ability to distinguish one facial emotion from another facial emotion) and a cognitive decision Process (measured by response criterion which is the tendency to judge a facial emotion as a particular emotion). It is uncertain whether facial emotion recognition deficits in schizophrenia are primarily due to impaired sensitivity or response bias. In this study, we hypothesised that individuals with schizophrenia would have both diminished sensitivity and different response criteria in facial emotion recognition across different emotions compared with healthy controls. Twenty-five individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia were compared with age and IQ matched healthy controls. Participants performed a "yes-no" task by indicating whether the 88 Ekman faces shown briefly expressed one of the target emotions in three randomly ordered runs (happy, sad and fear). Sensitivity and response criteria for facial emotion recognition was calculated as d-prime and In(??) respectively using signal detection theory. Patients with schizophrenia showed diminished sensitivity (d-prime) in recognising happy faces, but not faces that expressed fear or sadness. By contrast, patients exhibited a significantly less strict response criteria (In(??)) in recognising fearful and sad faces. Our results suggest that patients with schizophrenia have a specific deficit in recognising happy faces, whereas they were more inclined to attribute any facial emotion as fearful or sad. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Tijana Milenković - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome-wide profiling of 24 hr diel rhythmicity in the water flea, Daphnia pulex: network analysis reveals rhythmic gene expression and enhances functional gene annotation
BMC Genomics, 2016Co-Authors: Samuel S. C. Rund, Boyoung Yoo, Camille Alam, Taryn Green, Melissa T. Stephens, Erliang Zeng, Gary F. George, Aaron D. Sheppard, Giles E. Duffield, Tijana MilenkovićAbstract:BackgroundMarine and freshwater zooplankton exhibit daily rhythmic patterns of behavior and physiology which may be regulated directly by the light:dark (LD) cycle and/or a molecular circadian clock. One of the best-studied zooplankton taxa, the freshwater crustacean Daphnia, has a 24 h diel vertical migration (DVM) behavior whereby the organism travels up and down through the water column daily. DVM plays a critical role in resource tracking and the behavioral avoidance of predators and damaging ultraviolet radiation. However, there is little information at the transcriptional level linking the expression patterns of genes to the rhythmic physiology/behavior of Daphnia .ResultsHere we analyzed genome-wide temporal transcriptional patterns from Daphnia pulex collected over a 44 h time period under a 12:12 LD cycle (diel) conditions using a cosine-fitting algorithm. We used a comprehensive network modeling and analysis approach to identify novel co-regulated rhythmic genes that have similar network topological properties and functional annotations as rhythmic genes identified by the cosine-fitting analyses. Furthermore, we used the network approach to predict with high accuracy novel gene-function associations, thus enhancing current functional annotations available for genes in this ecologically relevant model species. Our results reveal that genes in many functional groupings exhibit 24 h rhythms in their expression patterns under diel conditions. We highlight the rhythmic expression of immunity, oxidative detoxification, and Sensory Process genes. We discuss differences in the chronobiology of D. pulex from other well-characterized terrestrial arthropods.ConclusionsThis research adds to a growing body of literature suggesting the genetic mechanisms governing rhythmicity in crustaceans may be divergent from other arthropod lineages including insects. Lastly, these results highlight the power of using a network analysis approach to identify differential gene expression and provide novel functional annotation.
Raphael Candelier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rheotaxis of larval zebrafish behavioral study of a multi Sensory Process
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, 2016Co-Authors: Raphael Olive, Sebastien Wolf, Alexis M Dubreuil, Volker Bormuth, Georges Debregeas, Raphael CandelierAbstract:Rheotaxis is the ability shared by most aquatic species to orient towards a current and swim to hold position. It is an innate and robust multi-Sensory behavior that is known to involve the lateral line and visual systems. To facilitate the neuroethological study of rheotaxic behavior in larval zebrafish we developed an assay for freely swimming larvae that allows for high experimental throughput, large statistics and a detailed description of the behavior. We show that there exist a clear transition from exploration to counterflow swim, and by changing the Sensory modalities accessible to the fishes (visual only, lateral line only or both) and comparing the swim patterns at different ages we characterized two different mechanisms for position holding, one mediated by the lateral line and one mediated by the visual system. We found that when both Sensory modalities are accessible the lateral line dominates for triggering the transition while the visual system overshadows the lateral line for all aspect of swim patterns during the position holding phase. This suggests that at the larval stage the Sensory inputs are not merged to finely tune the behavior but that one Sensory modality dominates the behavioral response while redundant information pathways may be used as functional fallbacks.
Daphne T. Tsoi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Is facial emotion recognition impairment in schizophrenia identical for different emotions? A signal detection analysis
Schizophrenia Research, 2008Co-Authors: Daphne T. Tsoi, Kwang Hyuk Lee, Waqqas A. Khokhar, Nusrat U. Mir, Jaspal S. Swalli, Kate A. Gee, Graham Pluck, Peter W R WoodruffAbstract:Patients with schizophrenia have difficulty recognising the emotion that corresponds to a given facial expression. According to signal detection theory, two separate Processes are involved in facial emotion perception: a Sensory Process (measured by sensitivity which is the ability to distinguish one facial emotion from another facial emotion) and a cognitive decision Process (measured by response criterion which is the tendency to judge a facial emotion as a particular emotion). It is uncertain whether facial emotion recognition deficits in schizophrenia are primarily due to impaired sensitivity or response bias. In this study, we hypothesised that individuals with schizophrenia would have both diminished sensitivity and different response criteria in facial emotion recognition across different emotions compared with healthy controls. Twenty-five individuals with a DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia were compared with age and IQ matched healthy controls. Participants performed a "yes-no" task by indicating whether the 88 Ekman faces shown briefly expressed one of the target emotions in three randomly ordered runs (happy, sad and fear). Sensitivity and response criteria for facial emotion recognition was calculated as d-prime and In(??) respectively using signal detection theory. Patients with schizophrenia showed diminished sensitivity (d-prime) in recognising happy faces, but not faces that expressed fear or sadness. By contrast, patients exhibited a significantly less strict response criteria (In(??)) in recognising fearful and sad faces. Our results suggest that patients with schizophrenia have a specific deficit in recognising happy faces, whereas they were more inclined to attribute any facial emotion as fearful or sad. ?? 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Samuel S. C. Rund - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome-wide profiling of 24 hr diel rhythmicity in the water flea, Daphnia pulex: network analysis reveals rhythmic gene expression and enhances functional gene annotation
BMC Genomics, 2016Co-Authors: Samuel S. C. Rund, Boyoung Yoo, Camille Alam, Taryn Green, Melissa T. Stephens, Erliang Zeng, Gary F. George, Aaron D. Sheppard, Giles E. Duffield, Tijana MilenkovićAbstract:BackgroundMarine and freshwater zooplankton exhibit daily rhythmic patterns of behavior and physiology which may be regulated directly by the light:dark (LD) cycle and/or a molecular circadian clock. One of the best-studied zooplankton taxa, the freshwater crustacean Daphnia, has a 24 h diel vertical migration (DVM) behavior whereby the organism travels up and down through the water column daily. DVM plays a critical role in resource tracking and the behavioral avoidance of predators and damaging ultraviolet radiation. However, there is little information at the transcriptional level linking the expression patterns of genes to the rhythmic physiology/behavior of Daphnia .ResultsHere we analyzed genome-wide temporal transcriptional patterns from Daphnia pulex collected over a 44 h time period under a 12:12 LD cycle (diel) conditions using a cosine-fitting algorithm. We used a comprehensive network modeling and analysis approach to identify novel co-regulated rhythmic genes that have similar network topological properties and functional annotations as rhythmic genes identified by the cosine-fitting analyses. Furthermore, we used the network approach to predict with high accuracy novel gene-function associations, thus enhancing current functional annotations available for genes in this ecologically relevant model species. Our results reveal that genes in many functional groupings exhibit 24 h rhythms in their expression patterns under diel conditions. We highlight the rhythmic expression of immunity, oxidative detoxification, and Sensory Process genes. We discuss differences in the chronobiology of D. pulex from other well-characterized terrestrial arthropods.ConclusionsThis research adds to a growing body of literature suggesting the genetic mechanisms governing rhythmicity in crustaceans may be divergent from other arthropod lineages including insects. Lastly, these results highlight the power of using a network analysis approach to identify differential gene expression and provide novel functional annotation.
