The Experts below are selected from a list of 123 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Luyun Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study on the application of material selection optimization approach for structural-acoustic optimization
Materials & Design, 2013Co-Authors: Luyun Chen, Yufang ZhangAbstract:Abstract Issues of application of the material selection optimization approach for structural-acoustic optimization is investigated herein. By introducing the stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material, the mechanical properties parameters and plies’ numbers of the metal material or composite material are defined as design variables; the mathematical formulation about material selection optimization approach is established. Finally, a hexahedral box structure is taken as an example, and the material selection optimization is conducted. By introducing genetic algorithm (GA), the optimization problem is solved. The numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material.
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The Structural-Acoustic Optimization Analysis Based on Material Selection Optimization Approach
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Wei Wang, Luyun ChenAbstract:The problem of application of the material selection optimization approach for structural-acoustic optimization is investigated. By introducing the stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material, the mechanical parameters of the material and plies number are defined as design variables; the mathematical model of material selection optimization for reducing acoustic power is established. Take a hexahedral box structure for example; the material selection optimization is carried out. The example shows that the vibration and acoustic radiation of composite laminated can be reduced by using material selection optimization method.
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Study on Vibration Reduction Design of Steel-Composite Material Hybrid Mounting for Ship Based on Material Selection Optimization
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Wei Wang, Luyun Chen, Yufang ZhangAbstract:The material selection optimization for vibration reduction design is studied present article. By introducing the stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material, taking into account the power flow level difference and vibration level difference parameter, the mechanical parameters of the material and plies number are defined as design variables, and the mathematical model of structural dynamic optimization based on material selection optimization approach is established. Finally, a naval hybrid steel-composite mounting structure for example, by introducing genetic algorithm, the optimization problems is solved. The numerical results show that the optimization method is effective and feasible.
Keith Baverstock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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crick s Sequence Hypothesis a review
Communicative & Integrative Biology, 2019Co-Authors: Keith BaverstockAbstract:Health care based on gene sequencing and genomics is increasingly becoming a reality: it is timely to review Crick’s Sequence Hypothesis for its fitness for this purpose. The Sequence hypot...
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Crick’s Sequence Hypothesis - a review
Communicative & Integrative Biology, 2019Co-Authors: Keith BaverstockAbstract:Health care based on gene sequencing and genomics is increasingly becoming a reality: it is timely to review Crick’s Sequence Hypothesis for its fitness for this purpose. The Sequence hypot...
Yufang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A study on the application of material selection optimization approach for structural-acoustic optimization
Materials & Design, 2013Co-Authors: Luyun Chen, Yufang ZhangAbstract:Abstract Issues of application of the material selection optimization approach for structural-acoustic optimization is investigated herein. By introducing the stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material, the mechanical properties parameters and plies’ numbers of the metal material or composite material are defined as design variables; the mathematical formulation about material selection optimization approach is established. Finally, a hexahedral box structure is taken as an example, and the material selection optimization is conducted. By introducing genetic algorithm (GA), the optimization problem is solved. The numerical example shows the effectiveness of the proposed stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material.
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Study on Vibration Reduction Design of Steel-Composite Material Hybrid Mounting for Ship Based on Material Selection Optimization
Advanced Materials Research, 2013Co-Authors: Wei Wang, Luyun Chen, Yufang ZhangAbstract:The material selection optimization for vibration reduction design is studied present article. By introducing the stacking Sequence Hypothesis of metal material, taking into account the power flow level difference and vibration level difference parameter, the mechanical parameters of the material and plies number are defined as design variables, and the mathematical model of structural dynamic optimization based on material selection optimization approach is established. Finally, a naval hybrid steel-composite mounting structure for example, by introducing genetic algorithm, the optimization problems is solved. The numerical results show that the optimization method is effective and feasible.
Paul Abrams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Can we improve our management of dysfunctional voiding in children and adults: International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society; ICI-RS2018?
Neurourology and urodynamics, 2020Co-Authors: Tufan Tarcan, Alexander Von Gontard, Apostolos Apostolidis, Giovanni Mosiello, Paul AbramsAbstract:Dysfunctional voiding (DV) remains a poorly understood and a poorly managed problem, both in children and adults. The Think Tank (TT) discussed how to improve the management of DV in these two different age groups and in transitional care. During the 2018 International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society held in Bristol, a multidisciplinary TT on DV was created. The presentations and subsequent discussion, leading to research recommendations intended to improve the management of DV in children and adults are summarized. To improve the management of DV in children and adults, the TT panel proposed: (1) to conduct reliable prevalence studies of DV; (2) to perform longitudinal studies to prospectively test the Sequence Hypothesis by answering the following questions: (a) Which, if any children show a progression from overactive bladder or voiding postponement to DV?; (b) Which children develop each disorder without precursors?; and (c) Is there a continuation of DV from childhood to adulthood, or are adult cases new-onset presentations?; (3) to obtain detailed information regarding psychopathology to understand which comorbid psychological disorders prevail and at which rate, in those suffering DV; (4) to develop and validate diagnostic tools specifically for DV; (5) to better establish urodynamic correlates of DV specific for different age groups; and (6) to generate prospective long-term data regarding the efficacy of different treatment options and management strategies. The future research recommendations of this TT may improve our management of DV in children and adults. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Can we improve our management of dysfunctional voiding in children and adults: International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society; ICI‐RS2018?
Neurourology and Urodynamics, 2020Co-Authors: Tufan Tarcan, Alexander Von Gontard, Apostolos Apostolidis, Giovanni Mosiello, Paul AbramsAbstract:AIMS: Dysfunctional voiding (DV) remains a poorly understood and a poorly managed problem, both in children and adults. The Think Tank (TT) discussed how to improve the management of DV in these two different age groups and in transitional care. METHODS: During the 2018 International Consultation on Incontinence Research Society held in Bristol, a multidisciplinary TT on DV was created. The presentations and subsequent discussion, leading to research recommendations intended to improve the management of DV in children and adults are summarized. RESULTS: To improve the management of DV in children and adults, the TT panel proposed: (1) to conduct reliable prevalence studies of DV; (2) to perform longitudinal studies to prospectively test the Sequence Hypothesis by answering the following questions: (a) Which, if any children show a progression from overactive bladder or voiding postponement to DV?; (b) Which children develop each disorder without precursors?; and (c) Is there a continuation of DV from childhood to adulthood, or are adult cases new-onset presentations?; (3) to obtain detailed information regarding psychopathology to understand which comorbid psychological disorders prevail and at which rate, in those suffering DV; (4) to develop and validate diagnostic tools specifically for DV; (5) to better establish urodynamic correlates of DV specific for different age groups; and (6) to generate prospective long-term data regarding the efficacy of different treatment options and management strategies. CONCLUSIONS: The future research recommendations of this TT may improve our management of DV in children and adults.
Martha E. Keyes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Prion Challenge to the `Central Dogma' of Molecular Biology, 1965–1991: Part II: The Problem with Prions
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 1999Co-Authors: Martha E. KeyesAbstract:Abstract Since the 1930s, scientists studying the neurological disease scrapie had assumed that the infectious agent was a virus. By the mid 1960s, however, several unconventional properties had arisen that were difficult to reconcile with the standard viral model. Evidence for nucleic acid within the pathogen was lacking, and some researchers considered the possibility that the infectious agent consisted solely of protein. In 1982, Stanley Prusiner coined the term `prion' to emphasize the agent's proteinaceous nature. This infectious protein Hypothesis was denounced by many scientists as `heretical'. This two-part essay asks why the concept of an infectious protein was considered controversial. Some biologists justified their evaluation of this Hypothesis on the grounds that an infectious protein contradicted the `central dogma of molecular biology'. Others referred to vague theoretical constraints such as molecular biology's `theoretical structure' or `framework'. Examination of the objections raised by researchers reveals exactly what generalizations were being challenged by a protein model of infection. This two-part survey of scrapie and prion research reaches several conclusions: (1) A theoretical framework is present in molecular biology, exerting its influence in Hypothesis formation and evaluation; (2) This framework consists of several related, yet separable, generalizations or `elements', including Francis Crick's Central Dogma and Sequence Hypothesis, plus notions concerning infection, replication, protein synthesis, and protein folding; (3) The term `central dogma' has stretched beyond Crick's original 1958 definition to encompass at least two other `framework elements': replication and protein synthesis; and (4) From the study of scrapie and related diseases, biological information has been delineated into at least two classes: sequential and what I call `conformational'. In Part I of this essay, a brief review of the central dogma was given, and the developments in scrapie research from 1965 to 1972 were traced. This section summarized many of the puzzling, non-virus-like properties of the scrapie agent. Alternative hypotheses to the viral explanation were presented, including early versions of a protein-only Hypothesis. Part II of this essay will follow the developments in scrapie and prion research from the mid-1970s through 1991. The growing prominence of a protein-only model of infection will be countered by continued objections from many researchers to a pathogen devoid of nucleic acid. These objections will help illuminate those generalizations in molecular biology that were indeed challenged by a protein-only model of infection.
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The Prion Challenge to the `Central Dogma' of Molecular Biology, 1965–1991
Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, 1999Co-Authors: Martha E. KeyesAbstract:Abstract Since the 1930s, scientists studying the neurological disease scrapie had assumed that the infectious agent was a virus. By the mid 1960s, however, several unconventional properties had arisen that were difficult to reconcile with the standard viral model. Evidence for nucleic acid within the pathogen was lacking, and some researchers considered the possibility that the infectious agent consisted solely of protein. In 1982, Stanley Prusiner coined the term `prion' to emphasize the agent's proteinaceous nature. This infectious protein Hypothesis was denounced by many scientists as `heretical'. This essay asks why the concept of an infectious protein was considered controversial. Some biologists justified their evaluation of this Hypothesis on the grounds that an infectious protein contradicted the `central dogma of molecular biology'. Others referred to vague theoretical constraints such as molecular biology's `theoretical structure' or `framework'. Examination of the objections raised by researchers reveals exactly what generalizations were being challenged by a protein model of infection. This two-part survey of scrapie and prion research reaches several conclusions: (1) A theoretical framework is present in molecular biology, exerting its influence in Hypothesis formation and evaluation; (2) This framework consists of several related, yet separable, generalizations or `elements', including Francis Crick's Central Dogma and Sequence Hypothesis, plus notions concerning infection, replication, protein synthesis, and protein folding; (3) The term `central dogma' has stretched beyond Crick's original 1958 definition to encompass at least two other `framework elements': replication and protein synthesis; and (4) From the study of scrapie and related diseases, biological information has been delineated into at least two classes: sequential and what I call `conformational'. In Part I of this essay, a brief review of the central dogma, as outlined by both Francis Crick and James Watson, will be given. The developments in scrapie research from 1965 to 1972 will then be traced. This section will summarize many of the puzzling, non-viral-like properties of the scrapie agent. Alternative hypotheses to the viral explanation will also be presented, including early versions of a protein-only Hypothesis. Part II of this essay will follow the developments in scrapie and prion research from the mid 1970s through 1991. The growing prominence of a protein-only model of infection will be balanced by continued objections from many researchers to a pathogen devoid of nucleic acid. These objections will help illuminate those generalizations in molecular biology that were indeed challenged by a protein-only model of infection.
