The Experts below are selected from a list of 152913 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Byron Caminerosantangelo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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different shades of green african literature environmental justice and political ecology
2014Co-Authors: Byron CaminerosantangeloAbstract:As the first published monograph on African environmental literature, Byron Caminero-Santangelo’s Different Shades of Green is an important intervention into the thriving field of postcolonial ecocriticism. Building on his earlier coedited essay collection, Environment at the Margins: Literary and Environmental Studies in Africa (2011), this interdisciplinary work draws on political ecology, environmental history, and environmental activism in order to provide a timely new assessment of the depth and breadth of environmental engagement in African letters. Caminero-Santangelo’s project raises two key questions, both of which he answers with clarity and conviction. The first queries whether ecocriticism offers a viable framework for the exposition of African literature, given the field’s longstanding affiliation with Western environmentalisms that have tended to idealize an untouched nature at the expense of acknowledging the mutually shaping forces of indigenous peoples, colonial conquest, migration, and globalization. Conscious of this precedent, Caminero-Santangelo’s first chapter on “The Nature of Africa” usefully critiques the “environmentalism of the affluent” to be found in “settler pastorals” and travel writing by such authors as Karen Blixen, Elspeth Huxley, and Paul Theroux, whose privileging of wildlife conservation and landscape preservation is endorsed by many so-called “first-wave” ecocritics. In its place, he advocates an ecocritical framework that draws on political ecology in its insistence on the interconnectedness of environmental issues and political questions. This allows him to make a persuasive argument for a more inclusive definition of African environmental writing. Taking as “environmental earlier and more recent African writing that is outside or marginal to dominant notions of environmentalism,” Caminero-Santangelo effectively “challenge[s] hegemonic notions of what that term might mean” (30). If social struggles are inseparable from ecological transformations and vice versa, as he argues, then a wide range of African texts can be seen to develop an ecological sensibility, even those that do not provide an explicit or lengthy engagement with environmental concerns. For example, environmental degradation in Ngũgĩ’s A Grain of Wheat has often been read as a symbol of post-independence social decay. However, Caminero-Santangelo’s interdisciplinary framework suggests that the novel’s linkage of a seemingly anthropocentric concern with indigenous land rights to environmental problems such as soil erosion and infertility is more “historically and ecologically astute” than previously considered (52). Both emerge within the Shared Context of a harmful colonialism that degrades both Gĩkũyũ culture and local natural resources. By usefully expanding the scope of ecocriticism to include a broad array of African texts, Different Shades of Green raises a second question of scale that demands a methodological solution. How can postcolonial ecocriticism balance detailed analysis of local environmental concerns and their literary expression
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different shades of green african literature environmental justice and political ecology
2014Co-Authors: Byron CaminerosantangeloAbstract:As the first published monograph on African environmental literature, Byron Caminero-Santangelo’s Different Shades of Green is an important intervention into the thriving field of postcolonial ecocriticism. Building on his earlier coedited essay collection, Environment at the Margins: Literary and Environmental Studies in Africa (2011), this interdisciplinary work draws on political ecology, environmental history, and environmental activism in order to provide a timely new assessment of the depth and breadth of environmental engagement in African letters. Caminero-Santangelo’s project raises two key questions, both of which he answers with clarity and conviction. The first queries whether ecocriticism offers a viable framework for the exposition of African literature, given the field’s longstanding affiliation with Western environmentalisms that have tended to idealize an untouched nature at the expense of acknowledging the mutually shaping forces of indigenous peoples, colonial conquest, migration, and globalization. Conscious of this precedent, Caminero-Santangelo’s first chapter on “The Nature of Africa” usefully critiques the “environmentalism of the affluent” to be found in “settler pastorals” and travel writing by such authors as Karen Blixen, Elspeth Huxley, and Paul Theroux, whose privileging of wildlife conservation and landscape preservation is endorsed by many so-called “first-wave” ecocritics. In its place, he advocates an ecocritical framework that draws on political ecology in its insistence on the interconnectedness of environmental issues and political questions. This allows him to make a persuasive argument for a more inclusive definition of African environmental writing. Taking as “environmental earlier and more recent African writing that is outside or marginal to dominant notions of environmentalism,” Caminero-Santangelo effectively “challenge[s] hegemonic notions of what that term might mean” (30). If social struggles are inseparable from ecological transformations and vice versa, as he argues, then a wide range of African texts can be seen to develop an ecological sensibility, even those that do not provide an explicit or lengthy engagement with environmental concerns. For example, environmental degradation in Ngũgĩ’s A Grain of Wheat has often been read as a symbol of post-independence social decay. However, Caminero-Santangelo’s interdisciplinary framework suggests that the novel’s linkage of a seemingly anthropocentric concern with indigenous land rights to environmental problems such as soil erosion and infertility is more “historically and ecologically astute” than previously considered (52). Both emerge within the Shared Context of a harmful colonialism that degrades both Gĩkũyũ culture and local natural resources. By usefully expanding the scope of ecocriticism to include a broad array of African texts, Different Shades of Green raises a second question of scale that demands a methodological solution. How can postcolonial ecocriticism balance detailed analysis of local environmental concerns and their literary expression
Ikujiro Nonaka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the knowledge creating theory revisited knowledge creation as a synthesizing process
Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 2003Co-Authors: Ikujiro Nonaka, Ryoko ToyamaAbstract:This paper is a part of our attempt to build a new knowledge-based theory of the firm and organization to explain the dynamic process of knowledge creation and utilization. For this, we revisit the theory of knowledge creation through the SECI process and ba, and try to advance them further by incorporating the dialectic thinking. In this paper, knowledge creation is conceptualized as a dialectical process, in which various contradictions are synthesized through dynamic interactions among individuals, the organization, and the environment. With the view of a firm as a dialectic being, and strategy and organization should be re-examined as the synthesizing and selftranscending process instead of a logical analysis of structure or action. An organization is not an information-processing machine that is composed of small tasks to carry out a given task, but an organic configuration of ba. Ba, which is conceptualized as a Shared Context in motion, can transcend time, space, and organization boundaries to create knowledge.
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seci ba and leadership a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation
Long Range Planning, 2000Co-Authors: Ikujiro Nonaka, Ryoko Toyama, Noboru KonnoAbstract:Abstract Despite the widely recognised importance of knowledge as a vital source of competitive advantage, there is little understanding of how organisations actually create and manage knowledge dynamically. Nonaka, Toyama and Konno start from the view of an organisation as an entity that creates knowledge continuously, and their goal in this article is to understand the dynamic process in which an organisation creates, maintains and exploits knowledge. They propose a model of knowledge creation consisting of three elements: (i) the SECI process, knowledge creation through the conversion of tacit and explicit knowledge; (ii) ‘ba’, the Shared Context for knowledge creation; and (iii) knowledge assets, the inputs, outputs and moderators of the knowledge-creating process. The knowledge creation process is a spiral that grows out of these three elements; the key to leading it is dialectical thinking. The role of top management in articulating the organisation's knowledge vision is emphasised, as is the important role of middle management (‘knowledge producers’) in energising ba. In summary, using existing knowledge assets, an organisation creates new knowledge through the SECI process that takes place in ba, where new knowledge, once created, becomes in turn the basis for a new spiral of knowledge creation.
Noboru Konno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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seci ba and leadership a unified model of dynamic knowledge creation
Long Range Planning, 2000Co-Authors: Ikujiro Nonaka, Ryoko Toyama, Noboru KonnoAbstract:Abstract Despite the widely recognised importance of knowledge as a vital source of competitive advantage, there is little understanding of how organisations actually create and manage knowledge dynamically. Nonaka, Toyama and Konno start from the view of an organisation as an entity that creates knowledge continuously, and their goal in this article is to understand the dynamic process in which an organisation creates, maintains and exploits knowledge. They propose a model of knowledge creation consisting of three elements: (i) the SECI process, knowledge creation through the conversion of tacit and explicit knowledge; (ii) ‘ba’, the Shared Context for knowledge creation; and (iii) knowledge assets, the inputs, outputs and moderators of the knowledge-creating process. The knowledge creation process is a spiral that grows out of these three elements; the key to leading it is dialectical thinking. The role of top management in articulating the organisation's knowledge vision is emphasised, as is the important role of middle management (‘knowledge producers’) in energising ba. In summary, using existing knowledge assets, an organisation creates new knowledge through the SECI process that takes place in ba, where new knowledge, once created, becomes in turn the basis for a new spiral of knowledge creation.
Mark Mortensen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding conflict in geographically distributed teams the moderating effects of Shared identity Shared Context and spontaneous communication
Organization Science, 2005Co-Authors: Pamela J Hinds, Mark MortensenAbstract:Geographically distributed teams are increasingly prevalent in the workplace, and research on distributed teams is ever more available. Despite this increased attention, we still know surprisingly little about how the dynamics of distributed teams differ from those of their collocated counterparts and how existing models of teams apply to this new form of work. For example, although it has been argued that distributed as compared with collocated teams have more severe conflicts that fester longer and resist resolution, few comparative studies investigate dynamics such as conflict in both distributed and collocated teams. In this study, we examine conflict, its antecedents, and its effects on performance in distributed as compared with collocated teams. Our goal is to understand how conflict plays out in distributed and collocated teams, thus providing insight into how existing models of conflict must be augmented to reflect the trend toward distributed work.We report the results of a field study of 43 teams, 22 collocated and 21 distributed, from a large multinational company. As expected, the distributed teams reported more task and interpersonal conflict than did the collocated teams. We found evidence that Shared identity moderated the effect of distribution oninterpersonal conflict and that Shared Context moderated the effect of distribution ontask conflict. Finally, we found that spontaneous communication played a pivotal role in the relationship between distribution and conflict. First, spontaneous communication was associated with a stronger Shared identity and more Shared Context, our moderating variables. Second, spontaneous communication had a direct moderating effect on the distribution-conflict relationship, mitigating the effect of distribution on both types of conflict. We argue that this effect reflects the role of spontaneous communication in facilitating conflict identification and conflict handling.
Jason J Jung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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knowledge distribution via Shared Context between blog based knowledge management systems a case study of collaborative tagging
Expert Systems With Applications, 2009Co-Authors: Jason J JungAbstract:Most of the existing personal knowledge management systems have been employing blogging services which is capable of providing various services (e.g., knowledge distribution and knowledge creation) to people. However, automated knowledge delivering service among the systems is difficult to take into account the corresponding Context (or semantics) of the knowledge, so that the service can spread irrelevant information into knowledge management systems. In order to solve this problem, this study proposes a novel architecture, called blog Context overlay network, to fulfill Context matching between blog-based knowledge management systems. It is referred to as detecting 'Shared' Context between knowledge management systems. Thus, with respect to the Contexts, we want to identify a community of practice (CoP) on a knowledge blogosphere where a set of blog-based knowledge management systems are incorporating with each other. As a result, newly generated knowledge can be proactively diffused to the blog-based knowledge management systems of which Context is relevant to the knowledge, even before the bloggers' queries are explicitly asked.
