The Experts below are selected from a list of 90 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
S Webber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dilated pupils and loss of accommodation following diode panretinal photocoagulation with sub-tenon local anaesthetic in four cases
Eye, 2002Co-Authors: J I Patel, L Jenkins, L Benjamin, S WebberAbstract:Aim To describe pupillary abnormalities associated with diode laser photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Methods We describe four cases of tonic pupils following diabetic panretinal photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Results Six pupils of four patients became dilated and sustained loss of accommodation with denervation hypersensitivity with 0.1% pilocarpine after undergoing panretinal photocoagulation with a subTenon’s local anaesthetic. The numbers of burns were not excessive and in one patient it even occurred after only 1200 laser burns. Conclusion Diode laser causes histological changes deeper in the retina and the choroid than in Argon laser. Intense diode laser burns may cause damage to the Short Ciliary Nerves traversing the choroid. In the unanaesthetised patient, pain arises when the laser burn hits these Nerves and so may protect the eye from excess damage to the Nerves. When the eye is anaesthetised with a subTenon’s, local anaesthetic damage to the choroidal Nerves may occur without the laser operator being aware that the burns are too intense.
W C Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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an ultrastructural study of the Ciliary ganglia of cat and monkey macaca fascicularis following section of the Short Ciliary Nerves
Journal of Anatomy, 1994Co-Authors: Y.l. Zhang, W C WongAbstract:Abstract The ultrastructural changes in the Ciliary ganglion of the cat and monkey after postganglionic (Short Ciliary) nerve section are described. They were similar in both cat and monkey. The nucleus became irregular with prominent indentations on the 3rd day after operation and was peripherally located in the neuron from the 5th postoperative day; by 1 month postoperatively, however it had reverted to its former round or oval shape and became centrally located. In the cytoplasm, glycogen-like granules were increased. At 5 d after operation, profiles of dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and vacuoles were observed at the periphery of some neurons. At 7 d after operation, there was an increase in the number of dense bodies in the cytoplasm of the neurons. By 1-3 months after operation, most of the neurons appeared normal, but there was an increase of profiles of the Golgi apparatus in the perinuclear region. In the cat, there was an increase in profiles of glycogen-like granules associated with ER stacks. In the monkey, the glycogen-like granules were randomly distributed in the cytoplasm. Dendritic profiles with large numbers of mitochondria and glycogen-like granules were observed as early as the 1st postoperative day and were increased on the 3rd postoperative day. Some of the profiles were contacted synaptically by axon terminals. Such profiles measured between 0.8 to 4.5 microns in the cat and 1.1-7.0 microns in the monkey. The number of mitochondria per dendritic profile in cross section varied from 8 to 155 in the cat and 28 to 230 in the monkey. Dilated and almost empty mitochondria and dense bodies were encountered in such profiles. Dendritic profiles packed with mitochondria were still present 1-3 months after operation, but were reduced in number and dense bodies were only occasionally observed. Some of the myelinated and unmyelinated axons underwent degeneration, but no ultrastructural change was observed in the axon terminals. In some axonal profiles, vesiculotubular structures were also present. At 7-14 d after operation, some of the satellite cells became less electron dense. At this stage, some of the cells contained phagocytosed electron-dense profiles resembling degenerating myelinated axons and cellular debris. Macrophages were encountered frequently 3-7 d after operation; some of these were believed to be derived from circulating monocytes since they were occasionally observed to penetrate the vascular wall. Most of the engulfed material in the cytoplasm of the macrophages were myelin-like figures and vesiculated profiles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Y.l. Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A light- and electron microscopic study of tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity in the Ciliary ganglia of monkey (Macaca fascicularis) and cat.
Histology and Histopathology, 1995Co-Authors: Y.l. Zhang, Wai Chow WongAbstract:: The present paper describes tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity in the Ciliary ganglion of monkey (Macaca fascicularis) and cat. Under the light microscope, in the monkey, about 7.6% of neurons were observed to be intensely stained, 27.7% moderately stained and 32.5% lightly stained. In the cat, 1.2% of neurons were intensely stained, 5.4% moderately stained and 10.1% lightly stained. Ultrastructurally, tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactivity was observed in neuronal somata, dendritic profiles and axons in both monkey and cat. Tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive dendritic profiles were synaptically contacted by tyrosine hydroxylase-negative axon terminals. In the monkey, tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive fibres were observed to enter the Ciliary ganglion via the nasoCiliary nerve. Such fibres were observed to course among neurons within the ganglion and emerge in the Short Ciliary Nerves. In contrast, tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive fibres were only occasionally observed in the cat.
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an ultrastructural study of the Ciliary ganglia of cat and monkey macaca fascicularis following section of the Short Ciliary Nerves
Journal of Anatomy, 1994Co-Authors: Y.l. Zhang, W C WongAbstract:Abstract The ultrastructural changes in the Ciliary ganglion of the cat and monkey after postganglionic (Short Ciliary) nerve section are described. They were similar in both cat and monkey. The nucleus became irregular with prominent indentations on the 3rd day after operation and was peripherally located in the neuron from the 5th postoperative day; by 1 month postoperatively, however it had reverted to its former round or oval shape and became centrally located. In the cytoplasm, glycogen-like granules were increased. At 5 d after operation, profiles of dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and vacuoles were observed at the periphery of some neurons. At 7 d after operation, there was an increase in the number of dense bodies in the cytoplasm of the neurons. By 1-3 months after operation, most of the neurons appeared normal, but there was an increase of profiles of the Golgi apparatus in the perinuclear region. In the cat, there was an increase in profiles of glycogen-like granules associated with ER stacks. In the monkey, the glycogen-like granules were randomly distributed in the cytoplasm. Dendritic profiles with large numbers of mitochondria and glycogen-like granules were observed as early as the 1st postoperative day and were increased on the 3rd postoperative day. Some of the profiles were contacted synaptically by axon terminals. Such profiles measured between 0.8 to 4.5 microns in the cat and 1.1-7.0 microns in the monkey. The number of mitochondria per dendritic profile in cross section varied from 8 to 155 in the cat and 28 to 230 in the monkey. Dilated and almost empty mitochondria and dense bodies were encountered in such profiles. Dendritic profiles packed with mitochondria were still present 1-3 months after operation, but were reduced in number and dense bodies were only occasionally observed. Some of the myelinated and unmyelinated axons underwent degeneration, but no ultrastructural change was observed in the axon terminals. In some axonal profiles, vesiculotubular structures were also present. At 7-14 d after operation, some of the satellite cells became less electron dense. At this stage, some of the cells contained phagocytosed electron-dense profiles resembling degenerating myelinated axons and cellular debris. Macrophages were encountered frequently 3-7 d after operation; some of these were believed to be derived from circulating monocytes since they were occasionally observed to penetrate the vascular wall. Most of the engulfed material in the cytoplasm of the macrophages were myelin-like figures and vesiculated profiles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
J I Patel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dilated pupils and loss of accommodation following diode panretinal photocoagulation with sub-tenon local anaesthetic in four cases
Eye, 2002Co-Authors: J I Patel, L Jenkins, L Benjamin, S WebberAbstract:Aim To describe pupillary abnormalities associated with diode laser photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Methods We describe four cases of tonic pupils following diabetic panretinal photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Results Six pupils of four patients became dilated and sustained loss of accommodation with denervation hypersensitivity with 0.1% pilocarpine after undergoing panretinal photocoagulation with a subTenon’s local anaesthetic. The numbers of burns were not excessive and in one patient it even occurred after only 1200 laser burns. Conclusion Diode laser causes histological changes deeper in the retina and the choroid than in Argon laser. Intense diode laser burns may cause damage to the Short Ciliary Nerves traversing the choroid. In the unanaesthetised patient, pain arises when the laser burn hits these Nerves and so may protect the eye from excess damage to the Nerves. When the eye is anaesthetised with a subTenon’s, local anaesthetic damage to the choroidal Nerves may occur without the laser operator being aware that the burns are too intense.
L Jenkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dilated pupils and loss of accommodation following diode panretinal photocoagulation with sub-tenon local anaesthetic in four cases
Eye, 2002Co-Authors: J I Patel, L Jenkins, L Benjamin, S WebberAbstract:Aim To describe pupillary abnormalities associated with diode laser photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Methods We describe four cases of tonic pupils following diabetic panretinal photocoagulation with subTenon’s local anaesthetic. Results Six pupils of four patients became dilated and sustained loss of accommodation with denervation hypersensitivity with 0.1% pilocarpine after undergoing panretinal photocoagulation with a subTenon’s local anaesthetic. The numbers of burns were not excessive and in one patient it even occurred after only 1200 laser burns. Conclusion Diode laser causes histological changes deeper in the retina and the choroid than in Argon laser. Intense diode laser burns may cause damage to the Short Ciliary Nerves traversing the choroid. In the unanaesthetised patient, pain arises when the laser burn hits these Nerves and so may protect the eye from excess damage to the Nerves. When the eye is anaesthetised with a subTenon’s, local anaesthetic damage to the choroidal Nerves may occur without the laser operator being aware that the burns are too intense.