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Nudrat Zahid Riza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge silica and marble sludge rice husk derived silica
Journal of Advanced Research, 2014Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
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Reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge/Silica and marble sludge/rice husk derived silica
Journal of advanced research, 2013Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
Khalil Ahmed - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge silica and marble sludge rice husk derived silica
Journal of Advanced Research, 2014Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
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Reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge/Silica and marble sludge/rice husk derived silica
Journal of advanced research, 2013Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
Julia A King - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Shielding effectiveness of carbon-filled polypropylene composites
Journal of Composite Materials, 2015Co-Authors: Julia A King, William A. Pisani, Danielle René Klimek-mcdonald, Warren F. Perger, Gregory M. Odegard, Dylan G. TurpeinenAbstract:Adding conductive carbon Fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite shielding effectiveness. In this study, varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon nanotubes) were added to polypropylene resin. The resulting Single Filler composites were tested for shielding effectiveness. The effects of Single Fillers and combinations of two different carbon Fillers were studied via a factorial design. At the highest Single Filler loadings, the following shielding effectiveness results were obtained at 800 MHz: 23.4 dB for 10 wt% carbon black/polypropylene, 34.7 dB for 70 wt% synthetic graphite/polypropylene, and 45.9 dB for 15 wt% carbon nanotubes/polypropylene. The factorial results indicated that for the composites containing only Single Fillers, carbon nanotubes, carbon black, and synthetic graphite cause a statistically significant increase in composite shielding effectiveness. All composites containing combinations of two different fille...
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Shielding effectiveness of carbon-filled polycarbonate composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2015Co-Authors: Julia A King, William A. Pisani, Danielle René Klimek-mcdonald, Warren F. Perger, Gregory M. OdegardAbstract:In this project, varying amounts of three different carbons [carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP)] were added to polycarbonate (PC). The resulting Single Filler composites were tested for shielding effectiveness (SE). The effects of Single Fillers and combinations of two different carbon Fillers were studied via a factorial design. At the highest Single Filler loadings, the following SE results were obtained at 800 MHz: 18.9 dB for 10 wt % CB/PC, 18.4 dB for 8 wt % CNT/PC, and 6.3 dB for 15 wt % GNP/PC. The highest SE value of 21.4 dB was measured for the 5 wt % CB/5 wt % CNT/PC composite and could be used in SE applications (typically > 20 dB is needed). Statistically significant equations were developed that could be used to predict the SE of composites containing these Fillers. In addition, it was determined that the composite SE is higher than what would be expected from the additive effect of each Single Filler for the CB/GNP/PC composites. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42719.
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In-Plane Thermal Conductivity Modeling of Carbon-Filled Liquid Crystal Polymer-Based Resins
Polymer Composites, 2010Co-Authors: Tayloria N.g. Adams, Julia A King, Tamara R. Olson, J M KeithAbstract:Adding conductive carbon Fillers to insulating thermoplastic resins increases composite electrical and thermal conductivity. In this study, varying amounts of three different carbons (carbon black, synthetic graphite particles, and carbon fiber) were added to Vectra A950RX liquid crystal polymer. The in-plane thermal conductivity of the resulting Single Filler composites was tested. The results showed that adding synthetic graphite particles caused the largest increase in the in-plane thermal conductivity of the composite. The composites were modeled using ellipsoidal inclusion problems to predict the effective in-plane thermal conductivities at varying volume fractions with only physical property data of the constituents. The synthetic graphite and carbon black were modeled using the average field approximation with ellipsoidal inclusions and the model showed good agreement with the experimental data. The carbon fiber polymer composite was modeled using an assemblage of coated ellipsoids and the model showed good agreement with the experimental data. POLYM. COMPOS., 32:147-157, 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
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Nielsen thermal conductivity model for Single Filler carbon/polypropylene composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel López Gaxiola, J M Keith, Julia A King, Beth A. JohnsonAbstract:In this study, three different carbon Fillers (Thermocarb TC-300 synthetic graphite, Ketjenblack EC-600 JD carbon black, and Hyperion Catalysis International's FIBRIL™ carbon nanotubes) were added to a polypropylene matrix to produce Single Filler composites with Filler concentrations of up to 80 wt % synthetic graphite (61.6 vol %), 15 wt % carbon black (8.1 vol %), and 15 wt % carbon nanotubes (7.4 vol %). The through-plane thermal conductivity for each formulation was measured. For the synthetic graphite, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes composites, the Nielsen model was applied to the experimental through-plane thermal conductivity data. The Nielsen Model presented in this work showed very good agreement with experimental data. The model parameters were similar to those used in the literature for these Fillers in other polymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
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nielsen thermal conductivity model for Single Filler carbon polypropylene composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2009Co-Authors: Daniel López Gaxiola, J M Keith, Julia A King, Beth A. JohnsonAbstract:In this study, three different carbon Fillers (Thermocarb TC-300 synthetic graphite, Ketjenblack EC-600 JD carbon black, and Hyperion Catalysis International's FIBRIL™ carbon nanotubes) were added to a polypropylene matrix to produce Single Filler composites with Filler concentrations of up to 80 wt % synthetic graphite (61.6 vol %), 15 wt % carbon black (8.1 vol %), and 15 wt % carbon nanotubes (7.4 vol %). The through-plane thermal conductivity for each formulation was measured. For the synthetic graphite, carbon black, and carbon nanotubes composites, the Nielsen model was applied to the experimental through-plane thermal conductivity data. The Nielsen Model presented in this work showed very good agreement with experimental data. The model parameters were similar to those used in the literature for these Fillers in other polymers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
A Ariffin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of chemical treatments on the mechanical, flow, and morphological properties of talc‐ and kaolin‐filled polypropylene hybrid composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2008Co-Authors: M. Abu Bakar, Yew Wei Leong, A Ariffin, Z. A. Mohd IshakAbstract:This study was performed with commer- cially available phenyl trimethoxysilane (PTMS) and neoal- koxytitanate (i.e., neopentyl(diallyl)oxytri(dioctyl)phosphato titanate (LICA 12)) as coupling agents. PTMS and LICA 12 were used to treat talc and kaolin to compare their effects with untreated Fillers upon incorporation into polypropyl- ene (PP). Single-Filler PP composites (containing either talc or kaolin) and hybrid-Filler composites (containing a mix of both talc and kaolin) were compounded in a twin-screw ex- truder and subsequently injection-molded into dumbbells. The incorporation of PTMS and LICA 12 slightly decreased the tensile and flexural properties in terms of modulus and strength but increased the elongation at break for both sin- gle-Filler and hybrid-Filler composites. There was also a sig- nificant improvement in the impact strength of the composites, particularly those treated with LICA 12. The hybrid composites, through the synergistic coalescence of positive characteristics from talc and kaolin with the aid from chemical treatment provided an economically advan- tageous material with mechanical properties comparable to those of the Single-Filler-filled PP composites. Further investigations on flow and morphological properties were also done to correlate the mechanical properties of the Single- and hybrid-Filler-filled PP composites. V C 2008 Wiley
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Mechanical, flow, and morphological properties of talc‐ and kaolin‐filled polypropylene hybrid composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007Co-Authors: M. Abu Bakar, Yew Wei Leong, A Ariffin, Z. A. Mohd IshakAbstract:Polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites have been produced by compounding two types of mineral Fillers, viz., talc and kaolin with PP copolymer using a twin screw extruder. The PP hybrid composite was injection-molded into dumbbell specimen for tensile, flexural, and impact properties characterizations. MFI and SEM studies were used to characterize the flow and morphological properties of the PP hybrid composites. The result shows that most of the hybrid composites showed a significant decrease in flow, tensile, flexural, and impact properties compared with the Single Filler-filled PP composites. However, a hybridization effect was seen for the PPT20K10 hybrid composites, through the synergistic coalescence of positive characteristics from 20 wt % of talc and 10 wt % of kaolin. This hybrid formulation have given an economically advantageous material with the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact) comparable to those of the talc-filled PP composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 434–441, 2007
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Effects of Filler treatments on the mechanical, flow, thermal, and morphological properties of talc and calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2005Co-Authors: Yew Wei Leong, M. Abu Bakar, Z. A. Mohd Ishak, A AriffinAbstract:Commercially available neoalkoxy titanate (Lica 12) and organosilane (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) coupling agents were used to treat talc and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to compare their effects with those of untreated Fillers upon their incorporation into polypropylene (PP). Commercial stearic acid treated CaCO3 was also used to widen the scope of the study. Single-Filler PP composites (containing either talc or CaCO3) and hybrid-Filler composites (containing a mixture of talc and CaCO3) were compounded on a twin-screw extruder and subsequently injection-molded into dumbbells. The silane and titanate treatments dramatically increased the elongation at break for both the Single-Filler and hybrid-Filler composites, whereas stearic acid did not. There was also a moderate improvement in the impact strength of the composites, particularly those treated with Lica 12. The hybrid composites, through the synergistic coalescence of positive characteristics from talc and CaCO3, had exceptionally good impact properties, more so with the aid of the coupling agents. For example, the impact strength value of a Lica 12 treated hybrid composite was the greatest for all the composites studied, overshadowing the superiority of the CaCO3-filled PP composites, which predominantly had the highest impact properties. Further investigations of the thermal and morphological properties were also conducted to facilitate the determination of the coupling mechanisms and their interesting effects on the hybrid composites. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 413–426, 2005
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mechanical and thermal properties of talc and calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2004Co-Authors: Yew Wei Leong, Z Mohd A Ishak, A AriffinAbstract:The main aim of this work was to study and compare the mechanical and thermal properties of hybrid polypropylene (PP) composites and Single-Filler PP composites. With two main types of mineral Fillers—calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and talc—PP composites of different Filler weight ratios (talc/CaCO3) were compounded with a twin-screw extruder and then injection-molded into dumbbell specimens with an injection-molding machine. Tensile, flexural, and impact tests were performed to determine and compare the mechanical properties of the hybrid and Single-Filler PP composites. A synergistic hybridization effect was successfully achieved; the flexural strength and impact strength were highest among the hybrids when the PP/talc/CaCO3 weight ratio was 70:15:15. The nucleating ability of the Fillers and its effects on the mechanical properties were also studied with differential scanning calorimetry. Because of the influence of talc as the main nucleating agent, the hybrid Fillers showed significant improvements in terms of the nucleating ability, and this contributed to the increase in or retention of the mechanical properties of the hybrid composites. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3327–3336, 2004
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characterization of talc calcium carbonate filled polypropylene hybrid composites weathered in a natural environment
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2004Co-Authors: Yew Wei Leong, Abu M Bakar, Z Mohd A Ishak, A AriffinAbstract:Abstract Two kinds of composites, namely Single-Filler polypropylene (PP) composites (containing either talc or calcium carbonate) and hybrid-Filler PP composites (consist of a mixture of talc and calcium carbonate) were injection moulded into dumbbells. These specimens were subjected to natural weathering i.e. tropical climate in Penang, Malaysia for 6 months. After 6 months of exposure, the mechanical properties of Single-Filler PP composites deteriorated due to severe physical and chemical degradation. However, the hybrid-Filler PP composites were found to show better retention in mechanical properties albeit having undergone some degree of surface-degradation as well. It is believed that the ‘hybridization’ effect has successfully increased the resistance of the hybrid composite to severe environmental degradation to the extent that it protects the internal structure of the composite from environmental damage, even though the surface of the composite gets severely degraded. Surface treatment of Fillers was also found to be able to aid in the retention of the composites’ mechanical properties.
Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge silica and marble sludge rice husk derived silica
Journal of Advanced Research, 2014Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.
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Reinforcement of natural rubber hybrid composites based on marble sludge/Silica and marble sludge/rice husk derived silica
Journal of advanced research, 2013Co-Authors: Khalil Ahmed, Shaikh Sirajuddin Nizami, Nudrat Zahid RizaAbstract:A research has been carried out to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with marble sludge (MS)/Silica and MS/rice husk derived silica (RHS). The primary aim of this development is to scrutinize the cure characteristics, mechanical and swelling properties of such hybrid composite. The use of both industrial and agricultural waste such as marble sludge and rice husk derived silica has the primary advantage of being eco-friendly, low cost and easily available as compared to other expensive Fillers. The results from this study showed that the performance of NR hybrid composites with MS/Silica and MS/RHS as Fillers is extremely better in mechanical and swelling properties as compared with the case where MS used as Single Filler. The study suggests that the use of recently developed silica and marble sludge as industrial and agricultural waste is accomplished to provide a probable cost effective, industrially prospective, and attractive replacement to the in general purpose used Fillers like china clay, calcium carbonate, and talc.