The Experts below are selected from a list of 246 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ryan K. James - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
from Slum Clearance to revitalisation planning expertise and moral regulation in toronto s regent park
Planning Perspectives, 2010Co-Authors: Ryan K. JamesAbstract:This paper addresses the planning and re‐planning of Regent Park, Canada’s first large‐scale public housing development. Located just outside the commercial and tourist core of Toronto, Regent Park was planned and built in the 1940s and 1950s through a ‘Slum Clearance’ initiative aimed at safeguarding the morality of its residents. Though it was widely celebrated at first, the project – like many similar developments across North America – was soon deemed a complete failure, and its image as a dilapidated and criminogenic anachronism has intensified over the past six decades. In 2002, the City of Toronto established a ‘participatory planning’ process to elicit the input of Regent Park residents in a plan to radically transform the neighbourhood – the result is a five‐step ‘revitalisation’ effort through which Regent Park is being bulldozed and replaced with a mixed‐use, mixed income community of public housing, market housing, retail space and amenities. The revitalisation plan is touted as a just, democr...
-
From ‘Slum Clearance’ to ‘revitalisation’: planning, expertise and moral regulation in Toronto’s Regent Park
Planning Perspectives, 2010Co-Authors: Ryan K. JamesAbstract:This paper addresses the planning and re‐planning of Regent Park, Canada’s first large‐scale public housing development. Located just outside the commercial and tourist core of Toronto, Regent Park was planned and built in the 1940s and 1950s through a ‘Slum Clearance’ initiative aimed at safeguarding the morality of its residents. Though it was widely celebrated at first, the project – like many similar developments across North America – was soon deemed a complete failure, and its image as a dilapidated and criminogenic anachronism has intensified over the past six decades. In 2002, the City of Toronto established a ‘participatory planning’ process to elicit the input of Regent Park residents in a plan to radically transform the neighbourhood – the result is a five‐step ‘revitalisation’ effort through which Regent Park is being bulldozed and replaced with a mixed‐use, mixed income community of public housing, market housing, retail space and amenities. The revitalisation plan is touted as a just, democr...
Joseph Heathcott - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The City Quietly Remade: National Programs and Local Agendas in the Movement to Clear the Slums, 1942–1952
Journal of Urban History, 2008Co-Authors: Joseph HeathcottAbstract:The case of St. Louis in the 1940s demonstrates the central importance of this decade in American urban history. To understand how planners and elected officials made such extensive use of federal funds in the 1950s and 1960s for public housing and urban renewal, we have to recast the 1940s as a critical period in the formation both of a new urban vision and of a political coalition emboldened to carry it out. Frustrated in their attempts to rebuild in brick and mortar, Slum Clearance advocates in St. Louis set about redefining the terms of debate over the future of the city itself. They mobilized behind a vision of the city at a crossroads, poised between progress and decay. Yet despite such stark rhetoric, Slum Clearance was not so much a technological or economic imperative, but a carefully assembled political agenda to remake the urban landscape.
-
Modelling the urban future: planning, Slums and the seduction of growth in St Louis, 1940–1950
Planning Perspectives, 2005Co-Authors: Joseph HeathcottAbstract:This paper considers the attempts by planners during and after World War II to forecast population change for the purposes of long‐range planning. St Louis is used as a case study to examine the social, economic and political contexts within which decisions about how to map the city’s future were made. At the heart of the problem is the adoption by the city of a growth model to justify a large‐scale Slum Clearance agenda at the very moment when the city was poised for catastrophic population loss. It is argued that planners allowed themselves to be caught up in the momentary crisis of a wartime population spike, ultimately ignoring their own frequent warnings about underlying trends toward population decline. Within this post‐war crisis of temporary overcrowding, planners made the critical decision to move ahead with Slum Clearance projects of unprecedented scale. Unfortunately, by the time their projects were complete, the city for which they had been undertaken no longer existed.
Katharine Shester - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Slum Clearance and urban renewal in the united states
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2013Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:Abstract We study the local effects of a federal program that helped cities clear areas for redevelopment, rehabilitate structures, complete city plans, and enforce building codes. We use an instru...
-
Slum Clearance and urban renewal in the united states
2011Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:We study the local effects of a federal program that helped cities clear areas for redevelopment, rehabilitate structures, complete city plans, and enforce building codes. We use an instrumental variable strategy to estimate the program's effects on city-level measures of income, property values, employment and poverty rates, and population. The estimated effects on income, property values, and population are positive and economically significant. They are not driven by changes in demographic composition. Estimated effects on poverty reduction and employment are positive but imprecise. The results are consistent with a model in which local productivity is enhanced.
-
The Economic Effects of Slum Clearance and Urban Renewal in the United States
2010Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:The Housing Act of 1949 established a federally subsidized program that helped cities clear areas of existing buildings for redevelopment, rehabilitate deteriorating structures, complete comprehensive city plans, and enforce building codes. The program ended in 1974, but not before financing over 2,100 urban renewal projects and generating great controversy. We use an instrumental variable strategy to estimate the programi?½s effects on city-level outcomes. The estimates are generally positive and economically significant and are not driven by differential changes in citiesi?½ demographic composition. We caution that the results do not imply that the program was an equitable or optimal approach to dealing with central-city problems.
William J Collins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Slum Clearance and urban renewal in the united states
American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2013Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:Abstract We study the local effects of a federal program that helped cities clear areas for redevelopment, rehabilitate structures, complete city plans, and enforce building codes. We use an instru...
-
Slum Clearance and urban renewal in the united states
2011Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:We study the local effects of a federal program that helped cities clear areas for redevelopment, rehabilitate structures, complete city plans, and enforce building codes. We use an instrumental variable strategy to estimate the program's effects on city-level measures of income, property values, employment and poverty rates, and population. The estimated effects on income, property values, and population are positive and economically significant. They are not driven by changes in demographic composition. Estimated effects on poverty reduction and employment are positive but imprecise. The results are consistent with a model in which local productivity is enhanced.
-
The Economic Effects of Slum Clearance and Urban Renewal in the United States
2010Co-Authors: William J Collins, Katharine ShesterAbstract:The Housing Act of 1949 established a federally subsidized program that helped cities clear areas of existing buildings for redevelopment, rehabilitate deteriorating structures, complete comprehensive city plans, and enforce building codes. The program ended in 1974, but not before financing over 2,100 urban renewal projects and generating great controversy. We use an instrumental variable strategy to estimate the programi?½s effects on city-level outcomes. The estimates are generally positive and economically significant and are not driven by differential changes in citiesi?½ demographic composition. We caution that the results do not imply that the program was an equitable or optimal approach to dealing with central-city problems.
Peter Newman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Slum regeneration and sustainability: applying the Extended Metabolism Model and the SDGs
Sustainability, 2017Co-Authors: Zafu Assefa Teferi, Peter NewmanAbstract:This paper examines the extent to which Slum redevelopments have been successful in improving the sustainability of human settlements. Sustainability is measured in two ways: through the Extended Metabolism Model that looks at resource consumption, wastes, and liveability outcomes; and, through the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study compares the sustainability of informal Slum settlements in Addis Ababa with high-rise Slum Clearance apartments; such Clearance is the model mostly used for the world’s informal settlements. The results show very little difference in resource consumption and waste produced but show liveability outcomes are mixed: Economic benefit is substantially improved in the high-rise areas due to becoming part of the formal economy, but community networks and trust are substantially lost when people transfer from the Slums. This paper suggests that Slum policy could be shifted from the Modernist high-rise Slum Clearance approach to a more organic, community-based renewal of the Slums themselves in which infrastructure for energy, water, and waste can be brought in. New technology that fits into community-based governance structures allows such infrastructure to be a viable option, as well as enabling formal economic benefits. Some hybrid approaches may be needed in many Slum improvement programs.