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Ullrich Meise - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research instruments in Social Psychiatry research
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Wancata, Ullrich MeiseAbstract:Are assessment instruments used for Social Psychiatry research in German-language countries in agreement with international scientific standards? Analysis of assessment instruments mentioned in publications of two German-language journals. Most studies concerning Social Psychiatry used assessment instruments developed previously and for the majority data about their validity and reliability are available. The fact that most of the instruments were originally published in English indicates that they are internationally used. Most assessment instruments mentioned in German-language papers meet with international scientific standards. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart.New York.
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Research instruments in Social Psychiatry research
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Wancata, Ullrich MeiseAbstract:OBJECTIVE Are assessment instruments used for Social Psychiatry research in German-language countries in agreement with international scientific standards? METHODS Analysis of assessment instruments mentioned in publications of two German-language journals. RESULTS Most studies concerning Social Psychiatry used assessment instruments developed previously and for the majority data about their validity and reliability are available. The fact that most of the instruments were originally published in English indicates that they are internationally used. CONCLUSIONS Most assessment instruments mentioned in German-language papers meet with international scientific standards.
Paul Bebbington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Passing the baton: a new chief editor for Social Psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2012Co-Authors: Heinz Häfner, Paul Bebbington, Craig MorganAbstract:Science is a quintessential human Social activity, basedas it is on the mutual criticism of collaborating agents.Communication lies at its heart, and advances in commu-nication have always resulted in surges in scientificknowledge. The establishment of networks of scholarsallowed the rapid transmission of information—only a fewmonths lay between Lippershey’s invention of the tele-scope in the Netherlands, and Galileo’s presentation of amuch improved version to the Doge in Venice in 1609. Theformalisation of these networks as learned societies datesfrom the seventeenth century. The printed book drove thescientific developments of the Renaissance, and scholarshave always relied on correspondence with colleagues tocheck out their ideas (Darwin surely would not have beenable to write the Origin of Species without his wide sup-porting circle of correspondents).Finally the explosion of scientific activity in the nine-teenth century occurred in the context of the incrementaldevelopment of regularly published scientific journals.Over time, this led to the adoption and refinement of theprinciple of peer review, which, along with the journalcorrespondence column, represents a deliberate attemptto encapsulate the mutual-critical essence of scientificactivity.Thus publication in scientific journals has become theimprimatur of science. It is also the redoubt of scientificprobity and represents an enormous endeavour of publicservice. Although they may sometimes grumble, scholarsgenerally regard reviewing the work of colleagues as anentrusted duty, which they do willingly and without pay-ment. However, because the system is one of the glories ofscience, there are always those who would seek to pervertit, for reasons either of personal academic ambition or offinancial cupidity. Such perversions include research fraud,plagiarism, double publication, and the suppression ofnegative findings. In this regard too, the journal system isan important part of the self-correcting mechanism ofscience.It is clear therefore that the editorship of a scientificjournal is not a mere administrative function of the publi-cation industry, but a major public trust. The post comeswith considerable responsibility and power, which must bedeployed for good purposes. The responsibility is twofold,first to science in general, and second to the specific dis-cipline served by the journal. SPPE is fortunate inacquiring the services and commitment of a new chiefeditor, Dr Craig Morgan.The early days of Social Psychiatry and psychiatricepidemiologyStarting a new Journal always reflects a belief that there is agap in the market. In the decade before the mid-60s, thecustodial system of mental health care practised in largepublic mental hospitals was undergoing a transition to a
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Editing Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology.
Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, 2003Co-Authors: Paul BebbingtonAbstract:Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology was founded in 1965 by some of the early giants in psychiatric epidemiology and the study of the Social factors that impact on psychiatric disorder. The journal was originally called Social Psychiatry, a term that proved ambiguous and was not necessarily positively viewed, especially in the United States where it was seen as having a particular political slant. This partly motivated the expansion of the name in 1988. The purpose of the journal from its inauguration was to publish empirical research in a difficult area. It was consciously international and would publish articles in English, French or German. The increasing hegemony of English as the language of science finally ended this arrangement in 1989. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology is intended to provide a medium for the prompt publication of scientific contributions concerned with all aspects of the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders – Social, biological and genetic. In addition, the journal has a particular focus on the effects of Social conditions upon behaviour and the relationship between psychiatric disorders and the Social environment. Contributions may be of a clinical nature provided they relate to Social issues, or they may deal with specialised investigations in the fields of Social psychology, sociology, anthropology, epidemiology, health service research, health economies, or public mental health. We publish papers on cross-cultural and trans-cultural themes. The original internationalism of the journal remains. Like many journals, it has an editorial board of individuals from many countries, but in addition we have editors to represent different areas of the world: the Americas, the western Pacific, and areas of the German, Italian, Spanish and French language groups. The chief editor takes the rest. The role of the editors is in part to encourage the submission of papers from these areas. The group of editors has been stable for many years. This is by design, as the journal has felt the advantages of continuity outweigh the disadvantages of atherosclerosis. I have been the English language group editor since 1986, and editor-in-chief since 1993. The journal is published by a small company, a subsidiary of the much larger Springer Verlag, and this permits a close relationship between the editors and the publishing team. This allows rapid response to problems and a close control of the publishing process.
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Social Psychiatry : theory, methodology, and practice
1991Co-Authors: Paul BebbingtonAbstract:This volume is a major international compilation in the field of Social Psychiatry. Building upon the work of John Wing, director of the Social Psychiatry Unit of the Medical Research Council in Great Britain, these essays make up a series of variations on one of the basic themes of human existence--the interaction between people and their environment. The authors are concerned with Social Psychiatry; their attention is focused on those aspects of the environment that affect psychological states, whether of persons previously healthy or already suffering from some form of psychiatric illness or disability. Social relationships and psychiatric disturbances are murky ground for investigators, many of whom have become lost or returned with nothing but truisms or unvalidated assertions. In this collection, the editor has brought together leading international researchers in the field who combined a primary emphasis on theory and methodology with an equal regard for direct observation and practice and a scrupulous attention to detail. Insistence on the most accurate measurement possible is the natural consequence of an adherence to clear theoretical positions, which both informs and demands such an approach. This book springs from the work of the Medical Research Council's Social Psychiatric Unit, but because of the breadth of the Unit's concerns over the years, it is also a comprehensive work in the field of Social Psychiatry. It draws contributions from the leading international figures and will be a landmark work for professionals in Social and clinical Psychiatry, as well as for anyone with an interest in the Social aspects of mental health.
Stefan Priebe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Italian Social Psychiatry research: what gets published in peer reviewed journals?
Epidemiologia e Psichiatria Sociale, 2007Co-Authors: Gian Maria Galeazzi, Stefan PriebeAbstract:AIMS: To explore the current state of Italian Social Psychiatry research as evidenced by original papers published in peer-reviewed journals 2004-2006. METHODS: Electronic databases and hand searches of leading peer-reviewed journals were used to identify original research papers published in 2004-2006, addressing a Social psychiatric issue, having at least one Italian author, and reporting data from Italian samples. RESULTS: A total of 174 papers were identified. A substantial proportion reported findings of international collaborative research. Quantitative methods dominated, with 86 papers on cross-sectional surveys. Only 18 papers showed results of intervention trials with pre and post measures. Most common target group were psychiatric patients in community mental health services which featured in 93 papers. CONCLUSIONS: There is a critical mass of Italian Social Psychiatry research, dominated by a few research centres and with considerable amount of international collaboration. The findings of this survey might reflect the relative shortage of national funding for Social Psychiatry research.
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Social Psychiatry in Germany in the twentieth century: ideas and models.
Medical History, 2004Co-Authors: Heinz-peter Schmiedebach, Stefan PriebeAbstract:In the first decades of the twentieth century, German-language papers were published which included the term “soziale Psychiatrie” in their titles.1 At the same time modern concepts of extramural psychiatric care were being developed. Yet, the meaning of “sozial” (“Social” in English) varied widely. This was partly due to its ambiguity. “Social” can be used in the sense of small communities or the wider public; it refers to interpersonal relationships, or to relationships between individuals and Social groups or other communities.2 According to this latter meaning, “Social” can emphasize the interests of Social groups rather than those of the individual. This is how the term was used at the end of the 1920s and during the National Socialist era. On the other hand, “Social” may indicate a friendly and humane intention, a philanthropic approach. It was in this sense that the term was widely used in the 1970s when philanthropic psychiatrists and others called for psychiatric reform and the closure or downsizing of asylums for the mentally ill. Moreover, in association with Psychiatry, it can mean both the Social dimension of mental illness (including the aetiology) that is assumed to lie in human relationships and in Social circumstances, and the Social and economic effects of mental illness. In parallel with these shifting meanings of the term “Social”, the established models of twentieth-century ambulant psychiatric care also showed a variety of structural characteristics. Recent research on the history of Social Psychiatry has focused on either particular persons or the development in selected periods and regions.3 We present here some results derived from the work of a research group that has studied the history of mental health care in Germany throughout the twentieth century.4 We surveyed twenty-six psychiatric journals, looking for articles related to extramural care and Social Psychiatry. Our paper, therefore, is based only on published material. Yet it covers the whole of the twentieth century and that in itself poses some problems. On the one hand, an investigation spanning a hundred years provides the opportunity to detect continuities, discontinuities, similarities, and differences on a comparative basis. On the other, one can only consider trends; it is impossible to render a deep analysis of psychiatric care in the five different German states and political systems that existed during this period. Besides the investigation of the changing meanings of the term “Social Psychiatry”, we will discuss the Bavarian model of extramural psychiatric care developed by Gustav Kolb and the Gelsenkirchen model created and implemented by Friedrich Wendenburg during the 1920s. We will also refer to the post-war situation in Germany and deal with the psychiatric reform movements of the 1960s and 1970s. With respect to the issues under consideration, it can be argued that “Social” psychiatric care in the first decades of the twentieth century was motivated more by pragmatic interests, such as reducing costs associated with the mentally ill or discharging patients from overcrowded asylums, than by political or philanthropic concerns. By way of its extramural expansion, Psychiatry extended its influence over people who had previously lived outside the psychiatrists' realm. Despite the very pragmatic motives for this expansion, the reform oriented psychiatrists of the 1960s in the German Democratic Republic and of the 1970s in the Federal Republic of Germany considered this development in the early decades of the twentieth century a positive example of the humane intentions of Psychiatry and referred to it as based on traditional humane and philanthropic attitudes. This overestimation of the humane motivations of the earlier reforms helped them to distance themselves from the dark and anti-humane activities of psychiatrists in the National Socialistic era.5 They therefore sought a reference to positive activities in the history of German Psychiatry, and the early Social-psychiatric models provided that point of reference. While in the GDR these psychiatrists were not part of a socio-political movement, the doctors in the FRG could use Social protest movements to empower their activities. Despite the fact that the newly emerging specialty of Social Psychiatry tried to launch a scientific research programme, it largely failed to establish itself within university medical faculties.
R. Srinivasa Murthy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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COVID-19 pandemic and emotional health: Social Psychiatry perspective
Indian Journal of Social Psychiatry, 2020Co-Authors: R. Srinivasa MurthyAbstract:The COVID-19 pandemic is a challenge to humanity. It is not only a health crisis but also a Social crisis. As in the case of past pandemics, life, as we know, is unlikely to be the same after we come out of the pandemic. There will be changes at the level of individuals, families, communities, states, nations, international relationships, and the way all of us will deal with a range of human and environmental situations. Disasters are always associated with increased rates of emotional health needs from distress to specific disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, and the vulnerabilities are associated with the way society is organized. Past experiences have shown psychoSocial interventions, ranging from self-care, psychological first aid, school interventions, counseling, Social support and formal psychiatric care can minimize the emotional health impact of disasters. These activities can be initiated by individuals, paraprofessionals, and professionals. In addition, there is an important role for Social–economic interventions such as provision of food, healthcare, shelter, protection from harm, and relocation/rehabilitation. Spiritual resources are an important part of coping with the pandemic. An emerging area of disaster Psychiatry is the possibility of posttraumatic growth and facilitating of community resilience. There is sufficient evidence, from the past, of major societal level changes, following pandemics, in healthcare, education, welfare, governance, and citizen–government relationships along with relationships across countries. The psychoSocial interventions, with survivors of disasters, should be to promote mental health and prevent mental disorders and care of persons with mental disorders involving the individuals, families, communities, and the government. The pandemic also offers opportunities for understanding and addressing of the risk factors for mental health and factors contributing to resilience of individuals and communities. The current pandemic presents challenges and opportunities for the Indian Association for Social Psychiatry.
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Social Psychiatry can “Empower” the individuals, families, and communities for mental health
2019Co-Authors: R. Srinivasa MurthyAbstract:There is growing awareness of the limitations of the biological model for understanding and treatment of mental disorders, along with increasing evidence of the role of individuals, families, and communities in matters of mental health and mental disorders. By increasing the research into the Social origins of mental health and mental disorders and by developing appropriate skills to “empower” individuals, families, and communities, Social Psychiatry can advance the cause of mental health of the populations.
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Disaster mental health and Social Psychiatry: Challenges and opportunities
Indian journal of social psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: R. Srinivasa MurthyAbstract:Disasters and their impact and mitigation best illustrates the value of Social Psychiatry. Social Psychiatry “recognises the importance of Social institutions like family, community, and for Social cohesion beyond the individual level characteristics and actions for mental health.” The emotional health of populations exposed to disasters is a well-recognized public health priority. Toward mitigation of the negative impact of the disasters on mental health, and building resilience is vital. The recent flood disaster in the southern state of Kerala illustrates many of the areas where Indian Social Psychiatry can, and should, rise to the challenges of mitigating human suffering and protecting the mental health of disaster-affected people. Rebuilding of Kerala, especially in relation to mental health, requires building emotional health of survivors through self-care; strengthening of families; supporting Anganwadis, schools, colleges, and workplaces to become places to promote mental health; creating caring communities from Panchayat level; building resilience at the community level for long-term preparedness; and most importantly, to sensitize the administrative mechanisms for the mental health aspects of developmental choices and disaster preparedness.
Johannes Wancata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Research instruments in Social Psychiatry research
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Wancata, Ullrich MeiseAbstract:Are assessment instruments used for Social Psychiatry research in German-language countries in agreement with international scientific standards? Analysis of assessment instruments mentioned in publications of two German-language journals. Most studies concerning Social Psychiatry used assessment instruments developed previously and for the majority data about their validity and reliability are available. The fact that most of the instruments were originally published in English indicates that they are internationally used. Most assessment instruments mentioned in German-language papers meet with international scientific standards. Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart.New York.
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Research instruments in Social Psychiatry research
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2009Co-Authors: Johannes Wancata, Ullrich MeiseAbstract:OBJECTIVE Are assessment instruments used for Social Psychiatry research in German-language countries in agreement with international scientific standards? METHODS Analysis of assessment instruments mentioned in publications of two German-language journals. RESULTS Most studies concerning Social Psychiatry used assessment instruments developed previously and for the majority data about their validity and reliability are available. The fact that most of the instruments were originally published in English indicates that they are internationally used. CONCLUSIONS Most assessment instruments mentioned in German-language papers meet with international scientific standards.
