The Experts below are selected from a list of 14103 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sonja Boehmer-christiansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Societal Concerns and risk decisions
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006Co-Authors: David J. Ball, Sonja Boehmer-christiansenAbstract:Societal Concern is a relatively new term and refers to hazards with the capability to generate socio-political responses. Hazards invoking Societal Concerns pose a challenge to decision makers for they oftentimes have major policy implications yet frequently lack the analytic support affording them such elevated status. Regulators and corporate risk managers, therefore, have been confronted with the difficult question – how and to what extent should Societal Concerns be factored into risk management decisions? – a question which is compounded by the tendency of ‘politicians’ to want to accommodate these Concerns. Here we first seek to explore the drivers of Societal Concerns prior to considering the implications for decision makers. We conclude that Societal Concerns stem from highly disparate causes, are not necessarily originated by the public as is often implied, and as such have markedly differing legitimacies. Furthermore, we note that attempts to incorporate Societal Concerns into risk decisions raise a host of methodological, political, and ethical issues which suggest, at the very least, that deep caution is required, especially where policy implications are high.
Jay P. Kesan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recipes for cookies: how institutions shape communication technologies
New Media & Society, 2009Co-Authors: Rajiv C. Shah, Jay P. KesanAbstract:The ability of communication technologies to favor certain Societal Concerns, such as privacy, is widely recognized. This article argues that an institutional analysis is central to understanding how a technology affects a Societal Concern. This is demonstrated with a case study of cookie technology, which has been shaped in differing ways by universities, firms and consortia. A comparative institutional analysis finds that each of these institutions act according to their own norms and processes in influencing the recipe for cookies. It is these institutional tendencies that shape cookie technology. By understanding these tendencies, policymakers can better assess, predict and proactively influence the development of communication technologies to improve Societal welfare.
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Incorporating Societal Concerns into Communication Technologies
2004Co-Authors: Rajiv C. Shah, Jay P. KesanAbstract:The design of communication technologies is not autonomous, but is shaped by conflicting social groups. As a result, communication technologies may have different properties depending upon their designers. In this paper, we show how communication technologies are differentially designed depending upon their institutional environment. Specifically, we examine how the consideration of Societal Concerns, such as privacy, differs between universities, firms, consortia, and the open source movement. The results show the biases of each institution, whether it is the flexibility given to university researchers, the emphasis on profitable Societal Concerns by firms, or influential role given to members within a consortium or in the open source movement. The resulting analysis is useful for policymakers seeking to incorporate a specific Societal Concern into a communication technology. The analysis shows why a firm may not address or incorporate a Societal Concern, and as a result, policymakers may then have to look to other institutions to vindicate their preferences. To this end, this paper has highlighted tendencies and biases for each of these institutions when incorporating Societal Concerns.
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Recipes for Cookies: How Institutions Shape Communication Technologies
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2004Co-Authors: Rajiv C. Shah, Jay P. KesanAbstract:The ability of communication technologies to favor certain Societal Concerns, such as privacy, is widely recognized. This article argues an institutional analysis is central to understanding how a technology affects a Societal Concern. This is demonstrated with a case study of the cookies technology, which has been shaped in differing ways by universities, firms, and consortia. A comparative institutional analysis finds that each of these institutions acted according to their own norms and processes in influencing the recipe for cookies. It is these institutional tendencies that shaped the cookies technology. By understanding these tendencies, policymakers can better assess, predict, and proactively influence the development of communication technologies to improve Societal welfare.
Nicholas V. Olijnyk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A quantitative examination of the intellectual profile and evolution of information security from 1965 to 2015
Scientometrics, 2015Co-Authors: Nicholas V. OlijnykAbstract:Information security has become a central Societal Concern over the past two decades. Few studies have examined the information security research domain, and no literature has been found that has applied an objective, quantitative methodology. The central aim of the current research was to quantitatively describe the profile and evolution of the information security specialty. Bibliometric data extracted from 74,021 Scopus research records published from 1965 to 2015 were examined using impact and productivity measures as well as co-word and domain visualization techniques. This scientometric study presents a comprehensive view of the information security specialty from several perspectives (e.g., temporal, seminal papers, institutions, sources, authors). After a long and steady period of growth (1965–2004), an exponential publication output occurred between 2005 and 2010. Among all the countries involved in information security research, the United States and China had the greatest impact, and China has surpassed the United States in terms of productivity. Information security as a specialty is largely populated by publications from the technical fields of computer science and engineering. Several research themes were found throughout the decades (e.g., cryptography and information security management and administration), and emergent research subspecialties appeared in later decades (e.g., intrusion detection, medical data security, steganography, wireless security). This study reduces the complexity of the specialty to controllable terms, supplies objective data for science policy making, identifies the salient bibliographic units, and uncovers growth patterns. It also serves as an information retrieval tool to identify important papers, authors, and institutions.
David J. Ball - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Societal Concerns and risk decisions
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006Co-Authors: David J. Ball, Sonja Boehmer-christiansenAbstract:Societal Concern is a relatively new term and refers to hazards with the capability to generate socio-political responses. Hazards invoking Societal Concerns pose a challenge to decision makers for they oftentimes have major policy implications yet frequently lack the analytic support affording them such elevated status. Regulators and corporate risk managers, therefore, have been confronted with the difficult question – how and to what extent should Societal Concerns be factored into risk management decisions? – a question which is compounded by the tendency of ‘politicians’ to want to accommodate these Concerns. Here we first seek to explore the drivers of Societal Concerns prior to considering the implications for decision makers. We conclude that Societal Concerns stem from highly disparate causes, are not necessarily originated by the public as is often implied, and as such have markedly differing legitimacies. Furthermore, we note that attempts to incorporate Societal Concerns into risk decisions raise a host of methodological, political, and ethical issues which suggest, at the very least, that deep caution is required, especially where policy implications are high.
Robin Room - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Differences in alcohol-related research publication output between countries: a manifestation of Societal Concern?
European addiction research, 2014Co-Authors: Michael Savic, Robin RoomAbstract:In a recent bibliometric analysis of alcohol- and other drug-related research publications in 11 countries, differences were found in research output across countries. In this paper we use additional secondary data to explore possible socio-historical factors that may contribute to differences in alcohol-related peer-reviewed publications across countries. Aside from general scientific productivity, we propose a possible link between the degree to which societies are Concerned with alcohol and alcohol-related research outputs.
