The Experts below are selected from a list of 39366 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Paul Mclaughlin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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climate change adaptation and vulnerability reconceptualizing Societal Environment interaction within a socially constructed adaptive landscape
Organization & Environment, 2011Co-Authors: Paul MclaughlinAbstract:This article reconceptualizes current analyses of adaptation and vulnerability to climate change within an evolutionary theory of social change premised on the concept of a socially constructed adaptive landscape. The latter describes a negotiated and contested fitness terrain. Individual and corporate actors simultaneously adapt to and actively manipulate this terrain by using alternative collective action frames, mobilizing resources, and creating or exploiting political opportunities in order to legitimate or delegitimate social structures and their associated technologies at various levels of analysis. Adaptation is conceptualized as occurring through homeostatic, developmental, rational choice, and populational mechanisms. Vulnerability results from the adaptive failure of social structures sustaining individual and collective health, livelihood, and well-being. This framework combines organizational sociologists’ insights into structure–Environment interaction; constructionists’ attention to agency,...
Scott Shane - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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academic entrepreneurship university spinoffs and wealth creation
2004Co-Authors: Scott ShaneAbstract:In this unique and timely volume, Scott Shane systematically explains the formation of university spinoff companies and their role in the commercialization of university technology and wealth creation in the United States and elsewhere. The importance of university spinoff activity is discussed and the historical development of university spinoff ventures is traced over time. Scott Shane provides in-depth analysis of the four major factors that jointly influence spinoff activity: the university and Societal Environment, the technology developed at universities, the industries in which spinoffs operate, and the people involved. He documents the process of company creation, focusing on the formation of spinoffs, the transformation of the spinoff's technology into new products and services, the identification and exploitation of a market for these new products and services and the acquisition of financial resources. Also detailed are the factors that enhance and inhibit the performance of university spinoffs, as well as the effect that they have on the institutions that spawn them.
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academic entrepreneurship university spinoffs and wealth creation
2004Co-Authors: Scott ShaneAbstract:The formation of university spinoff companies is described, and their role in the commercialization of university technology and wealth creation in the United States and else where is investigated. Why university spinoffs are a subject of importance in scholarly investigation is explained, as well as the historical development of university spin off activity. The factors of the university and Societal Environment, the nature of technology, the industries in which spinoffs occur, and the people involved inthe spinoff process that influence those activities are described. Also, thespinoff creation process and the development of university technology into new products and services, the identification and exploitation of markets for new products and services, and the acquisition of financial resources for the new organizations that exploit these new technologies are described. Factors that enhance the performance of university spinoffs are also examined in the hope of differentiating successful and unsuccessful companies. Finally, the effects of the spinoffs on the universities that created the mare examined. All these goals are achieved in this investigation by providing conceptual arguments, reviewing existing work by academic researchers and informed observers, and offering primary data collected from original studies of spinoffs from U.S. academic institutions. (JSD)
Anton Stahl Olafsson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bicycle-friendly infrastructure planning in Beijing and Copenhagen - between adapting design solutions and learning local planning cultures
Journal of Transport Geography, 2018Co-Authors: Chunli Zhao, Trine Agervig Carstensen, Thomas Alexander Sick Nielsen, Anton Stahl OlafssonAbstract:Cities around the world are constructing bicycle infrastructure to increase cycling. However, identifying efficient design solutions and determining how bicycle infrastructure planning knowledge can be integrated into comprehensive policy remains a challenge. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of current bicycle infrastructure planning in both an experienced city, Copenhagen, and in a less experienced city, Beijing. The paper examines how local design solutions are identified, how efficient they are and to what extent bicycle infrastructure planning is supported by the local planning cultures. The study draws on the successful experience of Copenhagen to identify challenges to bicycle infrastructure planning in Beijing and to improve it based on lessons learnt. The study uses qualitative semi-structured data collected from 11 interviews with key planners. It employs the Dutch CROW principles to assess the efficiency of the bicycle infrastructure planning. The analysis of the role of the local planning culture is framed by the ‘culturized planning model’. The study finds that bicycle-friendly infrastructure planning could be strengthened in Beijing by integrating and applying all the CROW principles simultaneously. It concludes that Beijing can draw inspiration from Copenhagen by increasing the priority of cycling in both the planning and Societal Environment. The planning Environment could be strengthened by professionalizing bicycle infrastructure planning and by aligning the prioritization of bicycle transport between policies. The Societal Environment could become more supportive by improving the status of the bicycle as a means of transport.
Augusto Q Novais - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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bi objective optimization approach to the design and planning of supply chains economic versus Environmental performances
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 2011Co-Authors: Tânia Pintovarela, Ana Paula Barbosapovoa, Augusto Q NovaisAbstract:Abstract Traditionally the design of supply chains has been based on economic objectives. However, as Societal Environment concerns grows, Environmental aspects are also emerging at academic and industry levels as decisive factors within the supply chain management context. The investment towards logistics structures that considers both economic and Environmental performances is nowadays an important and current research topic. This paper addresses the planning and design of supply chain structures for annual profit maximization, while considering Environmental aspects. The latter are accounted for through the Eco-indicator methodology. Profit and Environmental impacts are balanced using an optimization approach adapted from symmetric fuzzy linear programming (SFLP), while the supply chain is modelled as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization problem using the Resource-Task-Network (RTN) methodology. The obtained model applicability is validated through the solution of a set of supply chain problems.
Chunli Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bicycle-friendly infrastructure planning in Beijing and Copenhagen - between adapting design solutions and learning local planning cultures
Journal of Transport Geography, 2018Co-Authors: Chunli Zhao, Trine Agervig Carstensen, Thomas Alexander Sick Nielsen, Anton Stahl OlafssonAbstract:Cities around the world are constructing bicycle infrastructure to increase cycling. However, identifying efficient design solutions and determining how bicycle infrastructure planning knowledge can be integrated into comprehensive policy remains a challenge. The objective of this paper is to shed light on the strengths and weaknesses of current bicycle infrastructure planning in both an experienced city, Copenhagen, and in a less experienced city, Beijing. The paper examines how local design solutions are identified, how efficient they are and to what extent bicycle infrastructure planning is supported by the local planning cultures. The study draws on the successful experience of Copenhagen to identify challenges to bicycle infrastructure planning in Beijing and to improve it based on lessons learnt. The study uses qualitative semi-structured data collected from 11 interviews with key planners. It employs the Dutch CROW principles to assess the efficiency of the bicycle infrastructure planning. The analysis of the role of the local planning culture is framed by the ‘culturized planning model’. The study finds that bicycle-friendly infrastructure planning could be strengthened in Beijing by integrating and applying all the CROW principles simultaneously. It concludes that Beijing can draw inspiration from Copenhagen by increasing the priority of cycling in both the planning and Societal Environment. The planning Environment could be strengthened by professionalizing bicycle infrastructure planning and by aligning the prioritization of bicycle transport between policies. The Societal Environment could become more supportive by improving the status of the bicycle as a means of transport.
