The Experts below are selected from a list of 312 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Lindsay Mclaren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Socioeconomic Status and obesity
    Epidemiologic Reviews, 2007
    Co-Authors: Lindsay Mclaren
    Abstract:

    The objective of this review was to update Sobal and Stunkard’s exhaustive review of the literature on the relation between Socioeconomic Status (SES) and obesity (Psychol Bull 1989;105:260–75). Diverse research databases (including CINAHL, ERIC, MEDLINE, and Social Science Abstracts) were comprehensively searched during the years 1988–2004 inclusive, using ‘‘obesity,’’ ‘‘Socioeconomic Status,’’ and synonyms as search terms. A total of 333 published studies, representing 1,914 primarily cross-sectional associations, were included in the review. The overall pattern of results, for both men and women, was of an increasing proportion of positive associations and a decreasing proportion of negative associations as one moved from countries with high levels of Socioeconomic development to countries with medium and low levels of development. Findings varied by SES indicator; for example, negative associations (lower SES associated with larger body size) for women in highly developed countries were most common with education and occupation, while positive associations for women in medium- and low-development countries were most common with income and material possessions. Patterns for women in higher- versus lower-development countries were generally less striking than those observed by Sobal and Stunkard; this finding is interpreted in light of trends related to globalization. Results underscore a view of obesity as a social phenomenon, for which appropriate action includes targeting both economic and sociocultural factors.

John E Bates - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • socialization mediators of the relation between Socioeconomic Status and child conduct problems
    Child Development, 1994
    Co-Authors: Kenneth A Dodge, Gregory S Pettit, John E Bates
    Abstract:

    The goal was to examine processes in socialization that might account for an observed relation between early Socioeconomic Status and later child behavior problems. A representative sample of 585 children (n = 51 from the lowest Socioeconomic class) was followed from preschool to grade 3. Socioeconomic Status assessed in preschool significantly predicted teacher-rated externalizing problems and peer-rated aggressive behavior in kindergarten and grades 1, 2, and 3. Socioeconomic Status was significantly negatively correlated with 8 factors in the child's socialization and social context, including harsh discipline, lack of maternal warmth, exposure to aggressive adult models, maternal aggressive values, family life stressors, mother's lack of social support, peer group instability, and lack of cognitive stimulation. These factors, in turn, significantly predicted teacher-rated externalizing problems and peer-nominated aggression and accounted for over half of the total effect of Socioeconomic Status on these outcomes. These findings suggest that part of the effect of Socioeconomic Status on children's aggressive development may be mediated by Status-related socializing experiences.

Jaakko Tuomilehto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Socioeconomic Status and ischemic stroke the finmonica stroke register
    Stroke, 2001
    Co-Authors: Dimitrije Jakovljevic, Cinzia Sarti, Juhani Sivenius, Jorma Torppa, Markku Mahonen, Pirjo Immonenraiha, Esko Kaarsalo, Kari Alhainen, Kari Kuulasmaa, Jaakko Tuomilehto
    Abstract:

    Background and Purpose—It has been shown that low Socioeconomic Status is associated with death from stroke. More-detailed data have, however, remained scanty. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association of Socioeconomic Status with ischemic stroke. Besides mortality, we analyzed the incidence, case-fatality ratio, and prognosis of ischemic stroke events. Methods—Our population-based study included 6903 first stroke events registered by the FINMONICA Stroke Register in 3 areas of Finland during 1983 to 1992. Indicators of Socioeconomic Status, such as taxable income and education, were obtained by record linkage of the stroke register data with files of Statistics Finland. Results—Incidence, case-fatality ratio, and mortality rates for ischemic stroke were all inversely related to income. Furthermore, 28 days after the onset of symptoms, a greater proportion of patients with low income than of those with high income was still in institutionalized care and/or in need of help for their a...

Charles D.a. Wolfe - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • The effects of Socioeconomic Status on stroke risk and outcomes.
    Lancet Neurology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Iain J. Marshall, Christopher Mckevitt, Anthony Rudd, Yanzhong Wang, Siobhan Crichton, Charles D.a. Wolfe
    Abstract:

    The latest evidence on Socioeconomic Status and stroke shows that stroke not only disproportionately affects low-income and middle-income countries, but also Socioeconomically deprived populations within high-income countries. These disparities are reflected not only in risk of stroke but also in short-term and long-term outcomes after stroke. Increased average levels of conventional risk factors (eg, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, excessive alcohol intake, smoking, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle) in populations with low Socioeconomic Status account for about half of these effects. In many countries, evidence shows that people with lower Socioeconomic Status are less likely to receive good-quality acute hospital and rehabilitation care than people with higher Socioeconomic Status. For clinical practice, better implementation of well established treatments, effective management of risk factors, and equity of access to high-quality acute stroke care and rehabilitation will probably reduce inequality substantially. Overcoming barriers and adapting evidence-based interventions to different countries and health-care settings remains a research priority.

  • Socioeconomic Status and stroke.
    Lancet Neurology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Christopher Mckevitt, Anthony Rudd, Charles D.a. Wolfe
    Abstract:

    Summary This paper reviews the current evidence for the association between Socioeconomic Status and stroke incidence, survival, mortality, and other outcomes. The evidence is strongest for mortality and incidence of stroke, with high rates of stroke in low Socioeconomic groups being a consistent finding. Low Socioeconomic groups also have lower survival and greater stroke severity than high Socioeconomic groups, although there is less evidence for this association. The mechanisms through which Socioeconomic Status affects stroke risk and outcomes are unclear but some studies report that differences in risk-factor prevalence could account for some of the variation. We discuss the implications of these findings and make recommendations for future research. Studies using prospective population-based methods with improved control for confounding factors are needed to confirm or refute these associations. Understanding the causal associations between Socioeconomic Status and stroke will allow interventions to be appropriately targeted and assessed.

Sharon Schwartz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Socioeconomic Status and psychiatric disorders the causation selection issue
    Science, 1992
    Co-Authors: Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Sharon Schwartz, Itzhak Levav, Patrick E Shrout, Guedalia Naveh, Bruce G Link, Andrew E Skodol, Ann Stueve
    Abstract:

    Are inverse relations between psychiatric disorders and Socioeconomic Status due more to social causation (adversity and stress) or social selection (downward mobility of genetically predisposed)? This classical epidemiological issue is tested by focusing on ethnic Status in relation to Socioeconomic Status. Ethnic Status cannot be an effect of disorder because it is present at birth whereas Socioeconomic Status depends on educational and occupational attainment. A birth cohort sample of 4914 young, Israel-born adults of European and North African background was selected from the country's population register, screened, and diagnosed by psychiatrists. Results indicate that social selection may be more important for schizophrenia and that social causation may be more important for depression in women and for antisocial personality and substance use disorders in men.

  • Socioeconomic Status and psychiatric disorders
    Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 1990
    Co-Authors: Bruce P. Dohrenwend, Sharon Schwartz
    Abstract:

    This review summarizes work on the existence of and explanations for the relationship between Socioeconomic Status and psychiatric disorders.Although progress has been made, continued efforts are needed to understand and specify the causal processes involved. Findings about the relationship between