The Experts below are selected from a list of 90 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
U. Pulm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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8.4.1 Implications of Sociological System Theory on Systems Engineering and Product Development
INCOSE International Symposium, 2005Co-Authors: U. PulmAbstract:Systems engineering can be regarded as a part of System theory, which seems to be most up to date in sociology trying to understand complex social Systems. This contribution gives an overview on the development and appearances of System theory, compares Systems engineering and the modern Sociological System theory and shows how to improve the design and development of technical Systems by the use of those Sociological insights. This regard covers a new understanding of complexity, of Systems themselves, of communication being any coordination of activities, as well as respective media. The considerations finally lead to a dynamic organisation as well as to measures how to approach complex social Systems.
Hansjörg Küster - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Roman plant remains from Veli Brijun (island of Brioni), Croatia
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2001Co-Authors: Renata Šoštarić, Hansjörg KüsterAbstract:41 archaeobotanical samples were analysed, which had been collected from the seabed at uvula Verige (Verige bay) on the island of Veli Brijun, Croatia, the site of a Roman villa which was settled from the 1st to the 5th century A. D. From the analysis of plant macrofos-sils it is evident that the eu-Mediterranean evergreen woodland, today described as Quercion ilicis in the phyto-Sociological System, already existed in the Roman period. During this period it became degraded as a result of human activities to other vegetation types such as maquis and garrigue scrub, and grassland. The remains of Vitis vinifera (grapevine), Olea europaea (olive), Ficus carica (fig), and Pinus pinea (stone pine) were most frequently recorded; they all derive from very important and characteristic Mediterranean foods. Prunus avium (sweet cherry) and P. persica (peach), some vegetables and spices were probably cultivated, too, as well as some cereals, most probably Panicum miliaceum (millet). Juglans regia (walnut), Castanea sativa (sweet chestnut), and Corylus avellana (hazel) were possibly cultivated on the island or imported from neighbouring Istia. The records of some fresh water plants show that there was fresh water in uvala Verige and its surroundings in Roman times, much more than today.
Roman S. Tarasov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determining the Level of Economic Development as the Most Important Variable of Society’s Democratization in System Theories
Economic History, 2020Co-Authors: Sergey I. Malozemov, Roman S. TarasovAbstract:Introduction. The question of the relationship between economic development and democracy is one of the key and most studied, directly affecting the reform of economic and political institutions. Early modernization theory offered a universal recipe for transforming social institutions in order to accelerate socio-economic and political development. Economic development leads to the emergence of a qualitatively new social structure, the formation of a broad layer of a prosperous middle class, which becomes difficult to manage under an autocratic regime, and thus at a certain point the dictatorship is replaced by democracy. Therefore, we are talking about a causal relationship between economic growth and the democratization of society. However, different researchers have different attitudes to this connection and its nature. Currently, we can distinguish such a theoretical direction in the theory and empirical research of transformation as System theories, in which the search for the causes, successes and failures of democratization depends on specific social subSystems: the economy and society, the state and social groups, and politics. The purpose of the article is to analyze the theoretical provisions of the System theory that can determine the relationship between the economic and democratic development of society. Materials and Methods. The solution of research tasks was carried out on the basis of general scientific research approaches and methods. The authors used a Systematic approach, a structural and functional approaches, a comparative method, as well as the principles of scientific objectivity, historicism and Systematicity. Results. Based on the analysis of the early Sociological System theory in the tradition of T. Parsons, modern Sociological System theory, as well as the theory of modernization, reflected in research on democracy, the relationship between the degree of socio-economic development of a society and its ability to democracy was revealed. Discussion and Conclusions. Modernization theories demonstrate a causal relationship between market modernization of the economy and the process of democratization. The transition state of an economy showing dynamic growth not only destabilizes the autocratic regime, but also contributes to the consolidation of democracy and the growth of a politically mature middle class. However, the classical theory of modernization is not able to determine the level of development of society to determine the probability of transition to democracy, as well as the reasons for the democratization of undeveloped societies and the crisis of democracy in developed societies in certain periods. Identifying the shortcomings of the modernization theory encourages the testing of theories that can fill these gaps.
Renata Šoštarić - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Roman plant remains from Veli Brijun (island of Brioni), Croatia
Vegetation History and Archaeobotany, 2001Co-Authors: Renata Šoštarić, Hansjörg KüsterAbstract:41 archaeobotanical samples were analysed, which had been collected from the seabed at uvula Verige (Verige bay) on the island of Veli Brijun, Croatia, the site of a Roman villa which was settled from the 1st to the 5th century A. D. From the analysis of plant macrofos-sils it is evident that the eu-Mediterranean evergreen woodland, today described as Quercion ilicis in the phyto-Sociological System, already existed in the Roman period. During this period it became degraded as a result of human activities to other vegetation types such as maquis and garrigue scrub, and grassland. The remains of Vitis vinifera (grapevine), Olea europaea (olive), Ficus carica (fig), and Pinus pinea (stone pine) were most frequently recorded; they all derive from very important and characteristic Mediterranean foods. Prunus avium (sweet cherry) and P. persica (peach), some vegetables and spices were probably cultivated, too, as well as some cereals, most probably Panicum miliaceum (millet). Juglans regia (walnut), Castanea sativa (sweet chestnut), and Corylus avellana (hazel) were possibly cultivated on the island or imported from neighbouring Istia. The records of some fresh water plants show that there was fresh water in uvala Verige and its surroundings in Roman times, much more than today.
Ye Wen-hu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Basic Relationships of Ecological Civilization:Four Relationships in Environment-Sociological System
China Population Resources and Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Ye Wen-huAbstract:The paper points out that the human-nature relationship can be decomposed to two relationships.One is human-nature relationship from the holistic view,or so-called human-heaven relationship in China,and the other is human-nature relationship from the analytic view.This decomposition is helpful to understand "the Needham problem." The two relationships,together with the human-human relationship,and the relationship between human and itself/themselves,i.e,totally four relationships,were united in the theory of three models of production.This paper will play an important theoretical role in the process of carrying out scientific development and ecological civilization,and promote the environmental management.