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Heloisa Justen Moreira De Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to elongated Soft Palate in a cat.
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Katia Barao Corgozinho, Adriana Neves Pereira, Cristiane Brandão Damico, Simone Carvalho Dos Santos Cunha, Ana Maria Reis Ferreira, Heloisa Justen Moreira De SouzaAbstract:A 9-month-old intact female Persian cat presented with recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to an elongated Soft Palate. Endoscopic evaluation of the pharynx and larynx showed that the elongated Soft Palate was overlying the epiglottis. Partial resection of the Soft Palate was performed and the cat showed no further respiratory signs. This report is the first description of elongated Soft Palate causing airway obstruction in a brachycephalic cat.
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Recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to elongated Soft Palate in a cat.
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Katia Barao Corgozinho, Adriana Neves Pereira, Cristiane Brandão Damico, Simone Carvalho Dos Santos Cunha, Ana Maria Reis Ferreira, Heloisa Justen Moreira De SouzaAbstract:A 9-month-old intact female Persian cat presented with recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to an elongated Soft Palate. Endoscopic evaluation of the pharynx and larynx showed that the elongated Soft Palate was overlying the epiglottis. Partial resection of the Soft Palate was performed and the cat showed no further respiratory signs. This report is the first description of elongated Soft Palate causing airway obstruction in a brachycephalic cat.
De Yun Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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passive movement of human Soft Palate during respiration a simulation of 3d fluid structure interaction
Journal of Biomechanics, 2012Co-Authors: Jian Hua Zhu, Heow Pueh Lee, Kian Meng Lim, Shu Jin Lee, Li San Lynette Teo, De Yun WangAbstract:Abstract This study reconstructed a three dimensional fluid/structure interaction (FSI) model to investigate the compliance of human Soft Palate during calm respiration. Magnetic resonance imaging scans of a healthy male subject were obtained for model reconstruction of the upper airway and the Soft Palate. The fluid domain consists of nasal cavity, nasopharynx and oropharynx. The airflow in upper airway was assumed as laminar and incompressible. The Soft Palate was assumed as linear elastic. The interface between airway and Soft Palate was the FSI interface. Sinusoidal variation of velocity magnitude was applied at the oropharynx corresponding to ventilation rate of 7.5 L/min. Simulations of fluid model in upper airway, FSI models with palatal Young's modulus of 7539 Pa and 3000 Pa were carried out for two cycles of respiration. The results showed that the integrated shear forces over the FSI interface were much smaller than integrated pressure forces in all the three directions (axial, coronal and sagittal). The total integrated force in sagittal direction was much smaller than that of coronal and axial directions. The Soft Palate was almost static during inspiration but moved towards the posterior pharyngeal wall during expiration. In conclusion, the displacement of human Soft Palate during respiration was mainly driven by air pressure around the surface of the Soft Palate with minimal contribution of shear stress of the upper airway flow. Despite inspirational negative pressure, expiratory posterior movement of Soft Palate could be another factor for the induction of airway collapse.
Katia Barao Corgozinho - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to elongated Soft Palate in a cat.
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Katia Barao Corgozinho, Adriana Neves Pereira, Cristiane Brandão Damico, Simone Carvalho Dos Santos Cunha, Ana Maria Reis Ferreira, Heloisa Justen Moreira De SouzaAbstract:A 9-month-old intact female Persian cat presented with recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to an elongated Soft Palate. Endoscopic evaluation of the pharynx and larynx showed that the elongated Soft Palate was overlying the epiglottis. Partial resection of the Soft Palate was performed and the cat showed no further respiratory signs. This report is the first description of elongated Soft Palate causing airway obstruction in a brachycephalic cat.
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Recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to elongated Soft Palate in a cat.
Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Katia Barao Corgozinho, Adriana Neves Pereira, Cristiane Brandão Damico, Simone Carvalho Dos Santos Cunha, Ana Maria Reis Ferreira, Heloisa Justen Moreira De SouzaAbstract:A 9-month-old intact female Persian cat presented with recurrent pulmonary edema secondary to an elongated Soft Palate. Endoscopic evaluation of the pharynx and larynx showed that the elongated Soft Palate was overlying the epiglottis. Partial resection of the Soft Palate was performed and the cat showed no further respiratory signs. This report is the first description of elongated Soft Palate causing airway obstruction in a brachycephalic cat.
Yang Chai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dynamic activation of Wnt, Fgf, and Hh signaling during Soft Palate development.
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Eva Janečková, Gabriela Rodriguez, Jifan Feng, Yang ChaiAbstract:The Soft Palate is a key component of the oropharyngeal complex that is critical for swallowing, breathing, hearing and speech. However, complete functional restoration in patients with cleft Soft Palate remains a challenging task. New insights into the molecular signaling network governing the development of Soft Palate will help to overcome these clinical challenges. In this study, we investigated whether key signaling pathways required for hard Palate development are also involved in Soft Palate development in mice. We described the dynamic expression patterns of signaling molecules from well-known pathways, such as Wnt, Hh, and Fgf, during the development of the Soft Palate. We found that Wnt signaling is active throughout the development of Soft Palate myogenic sites, predominantly in cells of cranial neural crest (CNC) origin neighboring the myogenic cells, suggesting that Wnt signaling may play a significant role in CNC-myogenic cell-cell communication during myogenic differentiation in the Soft Palate. Hh signaling is abundantly active in early palatal epithelium, some myogenic cells, and the CNC-derived cells adjacent to the myogenic cells. Hh signaling gradually diminishes during the later stages of Soft Palate development, indicating its involvement mainly in early embryonic Soft Palate development. Fgf signaling is expressed most prominently in CNC-derived cells in the myogenic sites and persists until later stages of embryonic Soft Palate development. Collectively, our results highlight a network of Wnt, Hh, and Fgf signaling that may be involved in the development of the Soft Palate, particularly Soft Palate myogenesis. These findings provide a foundation for future studies on the functional significance of these signaling pathways individually and collectively in regulating Soft Palate development.
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Regulatory Mechanisms of Soft Palate Development and Malformations
Journal of Dental Research, 2019Co-Authors: Gabriela Rodriguez, Xia Han, Eva Janečková, S Kahng, B Song, Yang ChaiAbstract:Orofacial clefting is the most common congenital craniofacial malformation, appearing in approximately 1 in 700 live births. Orofacial clefting includes several distinct anatomic malformations affecting the upper lip and hard and Soft Palate. The etiology of orofacial clefting is multifactorial, including genetic or environmental factors or their combination. A large body of work has focused on the molecular etiology of cleft lip and clefts of the hard Palate, but study of the underlying etiology of Soft Palate clefts is an emerging field. Recent advances in the understanding of Soft Palate development suggest that it may be regulated by distinct pathways from those implicated in hard Palate development. Soft Palate clefting leads to muscle misorientation and oropharyngeal deficiency and adversely affects speech, swallowing, breathing, and hearing. Hence, there is an important need to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of Soft Palate development. Significantly, the anatomy, function, and development of Soft palatal muscles are similar in humans and mice, rendering the mouse an excellent model for investigating molecular and cellular mechanisms of Soft Palate clefts. Cranial neural crest-derived cells provide important regulatory cues to guide myogenic progenitors to differentiate into muscles in the Soft Palate. Signals from the palatal epithelium also play key roles via tissue-tissue interactions mediated by Tgf-β, Wnt, Fgf, and Hh signaling molecules. Additionally, mutations in transcription factors, such as Dlx5, Tbx1, and Tbx22, have been associated with Soft Palate clefting in humans and mice, suggesting that they play important regulatory roles during Soft Palate development. Finally, we highlight the importance of distinguishing specific types of Soft Palate defects in patients and developing relevant animal models for each of these types to improve our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of Soft Palate development. This knowledge will provide a foundation for improving treatment for patients in the future.
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A Comprehensive Study of Soft Palate Development in Mice.
PLOS ONE, 2015Co-Authors: Alexandre Grimaldi, Carolina Parada, Yang ChaiAbstract:Cleft Palate is one of the most common congenital birth defects. Tremendous efforts have been made over the last decades towards understanding hard Palate development. However, little is known about Soft Palate morphogenesis and myogenesis. Finding an appropriate surgical repair to restore physiological functions of the Soft Palate in patients with cleft Palate is a major challenge for surgeons, and complete restoration is not always achievable. Here, we first analyzed the morphology, orientation and attachments of the four muscles of the murine Soft Palate and found that they are very similar to their counterparts in humans, validating the use of mus musculus as a model for future studies. Our data suggests that muscle differentiation extends from the lateral region to the midline following palatal fusion. We also detected an epithelial seam in the fusing Soft palatal shelves, consistent with the process of fusion of the posterior palatal shelves, followed by degradation of the epithelial remnants. Innervation and vascularization are present mainly in the oral side of the Soft Palate, complementing the differentiated muscles. Cell lineage tracing using Wnt1-Cre;Zsgreenfl/fl mice indicated that all the tendons and mesenchyme embedding the Soft Palate muscles are neural crest-derived. We propose that the posterior attachment of the Soft Palate to the pharyngeal wall is an interface between the neural crest- and mesoderm-derived mesenchyme in the craniofacial region, and thus can serve as a potential model for the study of boundaries during development. Taken together, our study provides a comprehensive view of the development and morphology of the murine Soft Palate and serves as a reference for further molecular analyses.
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tgfβ regulates epithelial mesenchymal interactions through wnt signaling activity to control muscle development in the Soft Palate
Development, 2014Co-Authors: Junichi Iwata, Akiko Suzuki, Toshiaki Yokota, Richard Pelikan, Mark M Urata, Pedro A Sanchezlara, Yang ChaiAbstract:Clefting of the Soft Palate occurs as a congenital defect in humans and adversely affects the physiological function of the Palate. However, the molecular and cellular mechanism of clefting of the Soft Palate remains unclear because few animal models exhibit an isolated cleft in the Soft Palate. Using three-dimensional microCT images and histological reconstruction, we found that loss of TGFβ signaling in the palatal epithelium led to Soft Palate muscle defects in Tgfbr2fl/fl;K14-Cre mice. Specifically, muscle mass was decreased in the Soft Palates of Tgfbr2 mutant mice, following defects in cell proliferation and differentiation. Gene expression of Dickkopf (Dkk1 and Dkk4), negative regulators of WNT-β-catenin signaling, is upregulated in the Soft Palate of Tgfbr2fl/fl;K14-Cre mice, and WNT-β-catenin signaling is disrupted in the palatal mesenchyme. Importantly, blocking the function of DKK1 and DKK4 rescued the cell proliferation and differentiation defects in the Soft Palate of Tgfbr2fl/fl;K14-Cre mice. Thus, our findings indicate that loss of TGFβ signaling in epithelial cells compromises activation of WNT signaling and proper muscle development in the Soft Palate through tissue-tissue interactions, resulting in a cleft Soft Palate. This information has important implications for prevention and non-surgical correction of cleft Soft Palate.
Yuval Zohar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Reconstruction of Soft Palate defects
Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, 1998Co-Authors: Michael Friedman, Jessica W. Lim, Hasan Tanyeri, Yuval ZoharAbstract:Surgical resection of oropharyngeal tumors or extensive uvulopalatoplasty can result in Soft Palate defect. Two innovative techniques for surgical closure of Soft Palate defects are described.
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Reconstruction of the Soft Palate by uvulopalatal flap.
The Laryngoscope, 1998Co-Authors: Yuval Zohar, N Buler, Y Shvilli, R SaboAbstract:Surgical removal of the Soft Palate in cases of neoplastic disease has a functionally detrimental effect on the patient, resulting in rhinolalia and nasal regurgitation. The authors describe their original surgical technique for repairing the lateral Soft Palate defect using a uvulopalatal flap. The flap is readily available and the procedure is single staged and without sequela. The aim of this reconstructive procedure is to obtain a diminished Soft Palate defect by primary surgery. In five patients who underwent a partial excision of the Soft Palate, the surgical defect was corrected at the time of initial surgery by a uvulopalatal flap. In this technique, the surface of the defect was diminished, postoperative rhinolalia and regurgitation were unremarkable, and sometimes an obturator was obviated. Using a local myomucosal flap, the procedure is simple, safe, and effective.
