The Experts below are selected from a list of 270 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Karen Horwood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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green infrastructure reconciling urban green Space and regional economic development lessons learnt from experience in england s north west region
Local Environment, 2011Co-Authors: Karen HorwoodAbstract:Green infrastructure (GI) is an approach to green Space that is gathering momentum. It is increasingly being adopted by Policy makers and practitioners as a way to frame urban green Space Policy. This article is based on research on how the meaning of GI is developing in the Policy-making context within the north-west region of the UK. It is argued that Policy making at the regional scale emphasises economic development, and this leads to a particular way of framing urban green Space. This article examines the ways of talking about GI that respond to this focus, the way in which they are articulated and the impact this has on ways of seeing urban green Space.
Jonathan R. Rhodes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of socio-economic factors in planning and managing urban ecosystem services
Ecosystem Services, 2018Co-Authors: Marit L. Wilkerson, Matthew G. E. Mitchell, Danielle F. Shanahan, Kerrie A. Wilson, Christopher D. Ives, Catherine E. Lovelock, Jonathan R. RhodesAbstract:How green Spaces in cities benefit urban residents depends critically on the interaction between biophysical and socio-economic factors. Urban ecosystem services are affected by both ecosystem characteristics and the social and economic attributes of city dwellers. Yet, there remains little synthesis of the interactions between ecosystem services, urban green Spaces, and socio-economic factors. Articulating these linkages is key to their incorporation into ecosystem service planning and management in cities and to ensuring equitable outcomes for city inhabitants. We present a conceptual model of these linkages, describe three major interaction pathways, and explore how to operationalize the model. First, socio-economic factors shape the quantity and quality of green Spaces and their ability to supply services by influencing management and planning decisions. Second, variation in socio-economic factors across a city alters people’s desires and needs and thus demands for different ecosystem services. Third, socio-economic factors alter the type and amount of benefit for human wellbeing that a service provides. Integrating these concepts into green Space Policy, planning, and management would be a considerable improvement on ‘standards-based’ urban green Space planning. We highlight the implications of this for facilitating tailored planning solutions to improve ecosystem service benefits across the socio-economic spectrum in cities.
H. Marijke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Tree pollen allergy risks and changes across scenarios in urban green Spaces in Brussels, Belgium
'Elsevier BV', 2021Co-Authors: S. Ben, C. Demoury, P. Michelle, N.,tim S., H. MarijkeAbstract:Urban green Spaces may improve human health and well-being. However, green Spaces may also emit allergenic pollen and these may trigger asthma, allergic disease, and respiratory infections. How allergy risks in green Spaces may be modified by environmental change is still not widely understood. This study analyzed tree inventory data of 18 urban green Spaces (5940 trees; 278 taxa; 93 ha) in the Brussels Capital Region, Belgium. We investigated present tree pollen allergy risk (AR) and changes in AR driven by changes in tree species composition, allergenic potential and pollen season duration. AR was estimated by calculating the allergenicity index IUGZA (range 0–1, 1 worst) for the present situation and 13 scenarios. The average AR was 0.08 (SD 0.05; range 0.002–0.17). The AR increased by 11–27% in increased allergenic potential scenarios, and by 44% in the increased pollen season duration scenario. Preventive removal of birch, hazel and alder reduced the AR by 13%. The AR increased by 99–111% in combined scenarios with and without preventive removal of the main allergenic taxa. These findings indicate that tree pollen allergy risks could considerably rise when ongoing environmental changes lead to a combination of longer pollen seasons, increased pollen allergen potency, and increased sensitization for one or more species. The preventive removal of the main allergenic tree species cannot sufficiently counter allergy risks caused by other species and that are amplified by environmental change, highlighting the importance of careful tree species selection in urban green Space Policy and planning.
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Tree pollen allergy risks and changes across scenarios in urban green Spaces in Brussels, Belgium
'Elsevier BV', 2020Co-Authors: Aerts Raf, S. Ben, P. Michelle, Bruffaerts Nicolas, Demoury Claire, Nawrot Tim, H. MarijkeAbstract:Urban green Spaces may improve human health and well-being. However, green Spaces may also emit allergenic pollen and these may trigger asthma, allergic disease, and respiratory infections. How allergy risks in green Spaces may be modified by environmental change is still not widely understood. This study analyzed tree inventory data of 18 urban green Spaces (5940 trees; 278 taxa; 93 ha) in the Brussels Capital Region, Belgium. We investigated present tree pollen allergy risk (AR) and changes in AR driven by changes in tree species composition, allergenic potential and pollen season duration. AR was estimated by calculating the allergenicity index IUGZA (range 0–1, 1 worst) for the present situation and 13 scenarios. The average AR was 0.08 (SD 0.05; range 0.002–0.17). The AR increased by 11–27% in increased allergenic potential scenarios, and by 44% in the increased pollen season duration scenario. Preventive removal of birch, hazel and alder reduced the AR by 13%. The AR increased by 99–111% in combined scenarios with and without preventive removal of the main allergenic taxa. These findings indicate that tree pollen allergy risks could considerably rise when ongoing environmental changes lead to a combination of longer pollen seasons, increased pollen allergen potency, and increased sensitization for one or more species. The preventive removal of the main allergenic tree species cannot sufficiently counter allergy risks caused by other species and that are amplified by environmental change, highlighting the importance of careful tree species selection in urban green Space Policy and planning.Raf Aerts: Methodology, Formal analysis, Data Curation, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing, Visualization. Nicolas Bruffaerts: Conceptualization, Validation, Writing – Original Draft, Writing – Review & Editing, Project Administration, Funding Acquisition. Ben Somers: Resources, Writing – Review & Editing. Claire Demoury: Writing – Review & Editing, Supervision. Michelle Plusquin: Writing – Review & Editing, Supervision. Tim S. Nawrot: Writing – Review & Editing, Supervision. Marijke Hendrickx: Writing – Review & Editing, Supervision, Funding Acquisitionstatus: publishe
Marit L. Wilkerson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The role of socio-economic factors in planning and managing urban ecosystem services
Ecosystem Services, 2018Co-Authors: Marit L. Wilkerson, Matthew G. E. Mitchell, Danielle F. Shanahan, Kerrie A. Wilson, Christopher D. Ives, Catherine E. Lovelock, Jonathan R. RhodesAbstract:How green Spaces in cities benefit urban residents depends critically on the interaction between biophysical and socio-economic factors. Urban ecosystem services are affected by both ecosystem characteristics and the social and economic attributes of city dwellers. Yet, there remains little synthesis of the interactions between ecosystem services, urban green Spaces, and socio-economic factors. Articulating these linkages is key to their incorporation into ecosystem service planning and management in cities and to ensuring equitable outcomes for city inhabitants. We present a conceptual model of these linkages, describe three major interaction pathways, and explore how to operationalize the model. First, socio-economic factors shape the quantity and quality of green Spaces and their ability to supply services by influencing management and planning decisions. Second, variation in socio-economic factors across a city alters people’s desires and needs and thus demands for different ecosystem services. Third, socio-economic factors alter the type and amount of benefit for human wellbeing that a service provides. Integrating these concepts into green Space Policy, planning, and management would be a considerable improvement on ‘standards-based’ urban green Space planning. We highlight the implications of this for facilitating tailored planning solutions to improve ecosystem service benefits across the socio-economic spectrum in cities.
Kristen C Nelson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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public policies for managing urban growth and protecting open Space Policy instruments and lessons learned in the united states
Landscape and Urban Planning, 2004Co-Authors: David N Bengston, Jennifer O Fletcher, Kristen C NelsonAbstract:The public sector in the United States has responded to growing concern about the social and environmental costs of sprawling development patterns by creating a wide range of Policy instruments designed to manage urban growth and protect open Space. These techniques have been implemented at the local, regional, state and, to a limited extent, national levels. This paper provides a systematic review of the extensive literature that describes these public policies and their implementation. The main public Policy instruments for managing urban growth and protecting open Space at various governmental levels are identified and briefly described, including public acquisition of land, regulatory approaches, and incentive-based approaches. Key lessons are gleaned from the literature on the implementation of growth management policies. Our assessment of lessons found: (1) a lack of empirical evaluations of growth management policies, (2) administrative efficiency and other details of Policy implementation—rather than the general type of Policy—are critical in determining their effectiveness, (3) the use of multiple Policy instruments that reinforce and complement each other is needed to increase effectiveness and avoid unintended consequences, (4) vertical and horizontal coordination are critical for successful growth management but are often inadequate or lacking, and (5) meaningful stakeholder participation throughout the planning process and implementation is a cornerstone of effective growth management. Faced with a growing population and increasingly land consumptive development patterns, more effective policies and programs will be required to stem the tide of urban sprawl in the United States. We conclude with a discussion of potential federal roles in managing development and coordinating state, regional, and local growth management efforts. © 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
