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Laurent Siproudhis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Symptomatic efficacy of beidellitic montmorillonite in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, controlled trial.
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2005Co-Authors: Philippe Ducrotté, Michel Dapoigny, Bruno Bonaz, Laurent SiproudhisAbstract:BACKGROUND: Beidellitic montmorillonite is a purified clay containing a double aluminium and magnesium silicate. AIM: To assess the efficacy and the safety of beidellitic montmorillonite (3 g, t.d. for 8 weeks) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study with parallel groups, was performed in IBS patients selected according to ROME I criteria. Patients were included after a 1-week washout period to confirm that abdominal pain and/or discomfort was rated at least 2 on a 0-4 graded Likert scale. Patients were then randomized and stratified according to their predominant bowel habit profile into three groups. The use of rescue medication was allowed: polyethylene glycol 4000 (10-20 g/day) as a laxative Agent in case of stool absence for three consecutive days, phloroglucinol (80 to a maximum of 320 mg/day) as a Spasmolytic Agent for no more than 8 days. The main end-point was the improvement of abdominal pain and/or discomfort by at least 1 point on the Likert scale. RESULTS: A total of 524 patients constituted the overall intent-to-treat population (ITT), 263 were assessed in the beidellitic montmorillonite group, i.e. 93 diarrhoea-predominant IBS (D-IBS), 83 constipation-predominant IBS (C-IBS), 87 alternating constipation/diarrhoea-IBS (A-IBS); 261 in the placebo group, i.e. 81 D-IBS, 92 C-IBS and 88 A-IBS. Initial analysis in the ITT population demonstrated a higher rate of success with beidellitic montmorillonite (51.7%) when compared with the placebo group (45.2%); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Improvement was significant in C-IBS both in ITT (beidellitic montmorillonite group = 49.4%, placebo group = 31.5%, P < 0.016) and per protocol populations (59.4% vs. 37.8%) (P < 0.01). The time to improvement of abdominal pain and/or discomfort (log Rank test) was also significantly in favour of beidellitic montmorillonite, (P < 0.04). The average number of stools per day was not different from baseline, either in all patients or in C-IBS patients. Spasmolytic and laxative Agent intakes were not different between the two groups. Subjective evaluation by patients of treatment efficacy and visual analogue scale test of treatment efficacy by investigators were significantly better in the beidellitic montmorillonite group (P < 0.05). Tolerance of beidellitic montmorillonite was considered optimal without any significant adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Although pain or discomfort was not significantly improved in the entire IBS population treated with beidellitic montmorillonite in comparison with placebo, this study demonstrates that beidellitic montmorillonite is efficient for C-IBS patients (P < 0.016). This effect of beidellitic montmorillonite on pain cannot be explained by changes in bowel habits. The efficacy of this well-tolerated therapy warrants further confirmatory therapeutic trials in C-IBS patients.
Pierce V. Kavanagh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection and quantification of valerenic acid in commercially available valerian products
Journal of Chemical Education, 2007Co-Authors: Ruth H Douglas, Ciaran A Muldowney, Rabab Mohamed, Fiona Keohane, Catherine Shanahan, John J. Walsh, Pierce V. KavanaghAbstract:This experiment involves the detection and quantification of valerenic acid from herbal medicinal products containing Valeriana officinalis. Valerenic acid is a stable, robust compound and is easy to detect and quantify by GC–MS. Furthermore, as valerenic acid is only found in V. officinalis, it acts as a marker compound and can be used to verify that the product contains V. officinalis. Valerian has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sedative and as a Spasmolytic Agent. The project highlights the fact that often there are many constituents in herbal medicinal products, and therefore it may be necessary to carry out a selective extraction step before analysis can be performed on the constituent(s) of interest. The use of GC–MS allows the student to readily distinguish valerenic acid from the complex matrix of the many other secondary metabolites present in V.officinalis. The importance of using an internal standard in the quantification of active constituents present in herbal products is also h...
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Detection and Quantification of Valerenic Acid in Commercially Available Valerian Products.
Journal of Chemical Education, 2007Co-Authors: Ruth H Douglas, Ciaran A Muldowney, Rabab Mohamed, Fiona Keohane, Catherine Shanahan, John J. Walsh, Pierce V. KavanaghAbstract:This experiment involves the detection and quantification of valerenic acid from herbal medicinal products containing Valeriana officinalis. Valerenic acid is a stable, robust compound and is easy to detect and quantify by GC�MS. Furthermore, as valerenic acid is only found in V. officinalis, it acts as a marker compound and can be used to verify that the product contains V. officinalis. Valerian has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sedative and as a Spasmolytic Agent. The project highlights the fact that often there are many constituents in herbal medicinal products, and therefore it may be necessary to carry out a selective extraction step before analysis can be performed on the constituent(s) of interest. The use of GC�MS allows the student to readily distinguish valerenic acid from the complex matrix of the many other secondary metabolites present in V.officinalis. The importance of using an internal standard in the quantification of active constituents present in herbal products is also highlighted. The students determined the percentage of valerenic acid in several products, with an average value of 0.044% per product. The Valerian products evaluated included Good 'n' Natural valerian root capsules, Valerina Day-time tablets, and Nature's Way Sleep Easy capsules.
Philippe Ducrotté - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Symptomatic efficacy of beidellitic montmorillonite in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized, controlled trial.
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2005Co-Authors: Philippe Ducrotté, Michel Dapoigny, Bruno Bonaz, Laurent SiproudhisAbstract:BACKGROUND: Beidellitic montmorillonite is a purified clay containing a double aluminium and magnesium silicate. AIM: To assess the efficacy and the safety of beidellitic montmorillonite (3 g, t.d. for 8 weeks) in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: A multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study with parallel groups, was performed in IBS patients selected according to ROME I criteria. Patients were included after a 1-week washout period to confirm that abdominal pain and/or discomfort was rated at least 2 on a 0-4 graded Likert scale. Patients were then randomized and stratified according to their predominant bowel habit profile into three groups. The use of rescue medication was allowed: polyethylene glycol 4000 (10-20 g/day) as a laxative Agent in case of stool absence for three consecutive days, phloroglucinol (80 to a maximum of 320 mg/day) as a Spasmolytic Agent for no more than 8 days. The main end-point was the improvement of abdominal pain and/or discomfort by at least 1 point on the Likert scale. RESULTS: A total of 524 patients constituted the overall intent-to-treat population (ITT), 263 were assessed in the beidellitic montmorillonite group, i.e. 93 diarrhoea-predominant IBS (D-IBS), 83 constipation-predominant IBS (C-IBS), 87 alternating constipation/diarrhoea-IBS (A-IBS); 261 in the placebo group, i.e. 81 D-IBS, 92 C-IBS and 88 A-IBS. Initial analysis in the ITT population demonstrated a higher rate of success with beidellitic montmorillonite (51.7%) when compared with the placebo group (45.2%); however, the difference was not statistically significant. Improvement was significant in C-IBS both in ITT (beidellitic montmorillonite group = 49.4%, placebo group = 31.5%, P < 0.016) and per protocol populations (59.4% vs. 37.8%) (P < 0.01). The time to improvement of abdominal pain and/or discomfort (log Rank test) was also significantly in favour of beidellitic montmorillonite, (P < 0.04). The average number of stools per day was not different from baseline, either in all patients or in C-IBS patients. Spasmolytic and laxative Agent intakes were not different between the two groups. Subjective evaluation by patients of treatment efficacy and visual analogue scale test of treatment efficacy by investigators were significantly better in the beidellitic montmorillonite group (P < 0.05). Tolerance of beidellitic montmorillonite was considered optimal without any significant adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Although pain or discomfort was not significantly improved in the entire IBS population treated with beidellitic montmorillonite in comparison with placebo, this study demonstrates that beidellitic montmorillonite is efficient for C-IBS patients (P < 0.016). This effect of beidellitic montmorillonite on pain cannot be explained by changes in bowel habits. The efficacy of this well-tolerated therapy warrants further confirmatory therapeutic trials in C-IBS patients.
Sheng-mou Hou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Comparison of absorption of aqueous lidocaine and liposome lidocaine following topical application on rabbit vessels.
Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 1994Co-Authors: Sheng-mou HouAbstract:Liposomes are small particles that encapsulate lidocaine to form topical drug carriers. Forty rabbits were used to compare the absorption of aqueous lidocaine with that of liposome lidocaine after application of each on femoral and iliac vessels. Both Agents entered the circulation rapidly. The serum levels of lidocaine were significantly lower and the peaks in concentration appeared later after the use of liposome lidocaine than after the use of aqueous lidocaine. This phenomenon was due to local accumulation of liposome lidocaine and slow release of lidocaine from the liposome. As a topical Spasmolytic Agent, liposome lidocaine may be superior to the aqueous form due to a lower serum concentration and less total absorption.
Ruth H Douglas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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detection and quantification of valerenic acid in commercially available valerian products
Journal of Chemical Education, 2007Co-Authors: Ruth H Douglas, Ciaran A Muldowney, Rabab Mohamed, Fiona Keohane, Catherine Shanahan, John J. Walsh, Pierce V. KavanaghAbstract:This experiment involves the detection and quantification of valerenic acid from herbal medicinal products containing Valeriana officinalis. Valerenic acid is a stable, robust compound and is easy to detect and quantify by GC–MS. Furthermore, as valerenic acid is only found in V. officinalis, it acts as a marker compound and can be used to verify that the product contains V. officinalis. Valerian has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sedative and as a Spasmolytic Agent. The project highlights the fact that often there are many constituents in herbal medicinal products, and therefore it may be necessary to carry out a selective extraction step before analysis can be performed on the constituent(s) of interest. The use of GC–MS allows the student to readily distinguish valerenic acid from the complex matrix of the many other secondary metabolites present in V.officinalis. The importance of using an internal standard in the quantification of active constituents present in herbal products is also h...
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Detection and Quantification of Valerenic Acid in Commercially Available Valerian Products.
Journal of Chemical Education, 2007Co-Authors: Ruth H Douglas, Ciaran A Muldowney, Rabab Mohamed, Fiona Keohane, Catherine Shanahan, John J. Walsh, Pierce V. KavanaghAbstract:This experiment involves the detection and quantification of valerenic acid from herbal medicinal products containing Valeriana officinalis. Valerenic acid is a stable, robust compound and is easy to detect and quantify by GC�MS. Furthermore, as valerenic acid is only found in V. officinalis, it acts as a marker compound and can be used to verify that the product contains V. officinalis. Valerian has been used for hundreds of years as a natural sedative and as a Spasmolytic Agent. The project highlights the fact that often there are many constituents in herbal medicinal products, and therefore it may be necessary to carry out a selective extraction step before analysis can be performed on the constituent(s) of interest. The use of GC�MS allows the student to readily distinguish valerenic acid from the complex matrix of the many other secondary metabolites present in V.officinalis. The importance of using an internal standard in the quantification of active constituents present in herbal products is also highlighted. The students determined the percentage of valerenic acid in several products, with an average value of 0.044% per product. The Valerian products evaluated included Good 'n' Natural valerian root capsules, Valerina Day-time tablets, and Nature's Way Sleep Easy capsules.