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Edward R Atwill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cryptosporidium rubeyi n sp apicomplexa cryptosporidiidae in multiple Spermophilus ground squirrel species
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Das Gracas C Pereira, Ralph L Phillips, Brenda Mccowan, Royce E Larsen, Chengling Xiao, Karl Striby, Edward R AtwillAbstract:Previously we reported the unique Cryptosporidium sp. "c" genotype (e.g., Sbey03c, Sbey05c, Sbld05c, Sltl05c) from three species of Spermophilus ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi, Spermophilus beldingi, Spermophilus lateralis) located throughout California, USA. This follow-up work characterizes the morphology and animal infectivity of this novel genotype as the final step in proposing it as a new species of Cryptosporidium. Analysis of sequences of 18S rRNA, actin, and HSP70 genes of additional Cryptosporidium isolates from recently sampled California ground squirrels (S. beecheyi) confirms the presence of the unique Sbey-c genotype in S. beecheyi. Phylogenetic and BLAST analysis indicates that the c-genotype in Spermophilus ground squirrels is distinct from Cryptosporidium species/genotypes from other host species currently available in GenBank. We propose to name this c-genotype found in Spermophilus ground squirrels as Cryptosporidium rubeyi n. sp. The mean size of C. rubeyi n. sp. oocysts is 4.67 (4.4-5.0) μm × 4.34 (4.0-5.0) μm, with a length/width index of 1.08 (n = 220). Oocysts of C. rubeyi n. sp. are not infectious to neonatal BALB/c mice and Holstein calves. GenBank accession numbers for C. rubeyi n. sp. are DQ295012, AY462233, and KM010224 for the 18S rRNA gene, KM010227 for the actin gene, and KM010229 for the HSP70 gene.
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multiple unique cryptosporidium isolates from three species of ground squirrels Spermophilus beecheyi s beldingi and s lateralis in california
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Maria Das Gracas C Pereira, Ralph L Phillips, Brenda Mccowan, Edward R AtwillAbstract:Phylogenetic analyses of the 18S small-subunit (SSU) rRNA and Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) genes indicate that multiple unique Cryptosporidium isolates are shed by separate species of Spermophilus ground squirrels (S. beecheyi, S. beldingi, and S. lateralis) throughout California, despite some squirrel populations' being geographically isolated. The data support our assertion that Spermophilus squirrels shed novel Cryptosporidium species.
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quantitative shedding of two genotypes of cryptosporidium parvum in california ground squirrels Spermophilus beecheyi
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2001Co-Authors: Edward R Atwill, Sergio Maldonado Camargo, Ralph L Phillips, Laura Herrera Alonso, Kenneth W Tate, Wayne A Jensen, Joe Bennet, Scott Little, Terrell P SalmonAbstract:Sixteen percent of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) were found to be shedding an average of 53,875 Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts/g of feces. Male squirrels had a higher prevalence and higher intensity of shedding than did female squirrels. The majority of C. parvum isolates matched a bovine-murine genotype, with a few isolates resembling a porcine genotype. Higher intensities of shedding by males may enhance dissemination and genotypic mixing of this protozoa given males' proclivity to disperse to nonnatal colonies.
Matthew T Andrews - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase in a hibernating mammal i novel genomic organization
Physiological Genomics, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa L Squire, Matthew T AndrewsAbstract:Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PTL) is expressed in novel locations during hibernation in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus). PTL cDNAs isolated from two of thes...
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pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase in a hibernating mammal ii cold adapted function and differential expression
Physiological Genomics, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa L Squire, Vernon W Bauer, Mark E. Lowe, Matthew T AndrewsAbstract:Thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) exploit the low-temperature activity of pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PTL) during hibernation. Lipolytic activity at body temper...
Elizabeth S Maywood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cycle of period gene expression in a diurnal mammal (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus): implications for nonphotic phase shifting.
Journal of Biological Rhythms, 2001Co-Authors: Nicholas Mrosovsky, Kim Edelstein, Michael H Hastings, Elizabeth S MaywoodAbstract:Ground squirrels, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, were kept in a 12:12 h light-dark cycle. As expected for a diurnal species, their locomotor activity occurred almost entirely in the daytime. Expres...
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cycle of period gene expression in a diurnal mammal Spermophilus tridecemlineatus implications for nonphotic phase shifting
Journal of Biological Rhythms, 2001Co-Authors: Nicholas Mrosovsky, Kim Edelstein, Michael H Hastings, Elizabeth S MaywoodAbstract:Ground squirrels, Spermophilus tridecemlineatus, were kept in a 12:12 h light-dark cycle. As expected for a diurnal species, their locomotor activity occurred almost entirely in the daytime. Expression of mPer1 and mPer2 in the suprachiasmatic nucleus was studied at six time points by in situ hybridization. For both these genes, mRNA was highest in the first part of the subjective day (about zeitgeber time 5). This is close to the time when mPer1 and mPer2 expression is maximal in nocturnal rodents. These results have implications for understanding nonphotic phase response curves in diurnal species and thereby for guiding research on nonphotic phase shifting in people.
Teresa L Squire - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase in a hibernating mammal i novel genomic organization
Physiological Genomics, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa L Squire, Matthew T AndrewsAbstract:Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PTL) is expressed in novel locations during hibernation in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus). PTL cDNAs isolated from two of thes...
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pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase in a hibernating mammal ii cold adapted function and differential expression
Physiological Genomics, 2003Co-Authors: Teresa L Squire, Vernon W Bauer, Mark E. Lowe, Matthew T AndrewsAbstract:Thirteen-lined ground squirrels (Spermophilus tridecemlineatus) exploit the low-temperature activity of pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase (PTL) during hibernation. Lipolytic activity at body temper...
Ralph L Phillips - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cryptosporidium rubeyi n sp apicomplexa cryptosporidiidae in multiple Spermophilus ground squirrel species
International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Das Gracas C Pereira, Ralph L Phillips, Brenda Mccowan, Royce E Larsen, Chengling Xiao, Karl Striby, Edward R AtwillAbstract:Previously we reported the unique Cryptosporidium sp. "c" genotype (e.g., Sbey03c, Sbey05c, Sbld05c, Sltl05c) from three species of Spermophilus ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi, Spermophilus beldingi, Spermophilus lateralis) located throughout California, USA. This follow-up work characterizes the morphology and animal infectivity of this novel genotype as the final step in proposing it as a new species of Cryptosporidium. Analysis of sequences of 18S rRNA, actin, and HSP70 genes of additional Cryptosporidium isolates from recently sampled California ground squirrels (S. beecheyi) confirms the presence of the unique Sbey-c genotype in S. beecheyi. Phylogenetic and BLAST analysis indicates that the c-genotype in Spermophilus ground squirrels is distinct from Cryptosporidium species/genotypes from other host species currently available in GenBank. We propose to name this c-genotype found in Spermophilus ground squirrels as Cryptosporidium rubeyi n. sp. The mean size of C. rubeyi n. sp. oocysts is 4.67 (4.4-5.0) μm × 4.34 (4.0-5.0) μm, with a length/width index of 1.08 (n = 220). Oocysts of C. rubeyi n. sp. are not infectious to neonatal BALB/c mice and Holstein calves. GenBank accession numbers for C. rubeyi n. sp. are DQ295012, AY462233, and KM010224 for the 18S rRNA gene, KM010227 for the actin gene, and KM010229 for the HSP70 gene.
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multiple unique cryptosporidium isolates from three species of ground squirrels Spermophilus beecheyi s beldingi and s lateralis in california
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2010Co-Authors: Maria Das Gracas C Pereira, Ralph L Phillips, Brenda Mccowan, Edward R AtwillAbstract:Phylogenetic analyses of the 18S small-subunit (SSU) rRNA and Cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (COWP) genes indicate that multiple unique Cryptosporidium isolates are shed by separate species of Spermophilus ground squirrels (S. beecheyi, S. beldingi, and S. lateralis) throughout California, despite some squirrel populations' being geographically isolated. The data support our assertion that Spermophilus squirrels shed novel Cryptosporidium species.
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quantitative shedding of two genotypes of cryptosporidium parvum in california ground squirrels Spermophilus beecheyi
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2001Co-Authors: Edward R Atwill, Sergio Maldonado Camargo, Ralph L Phillips, Laura Herrera Alonso, Kenneth W Tate, Wayne A Jensen, Joe Bennet, Scott Little, Terrell P SalmonAbstract:Sixteen percent of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi) were found to be shedding an average of 53,875 Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts/g of feces. Male squirrels had a higher prevalence and higher intensity of shedding than did female squirrels. The majority of C. parvum isolates matched a bovine-murine genotype, with a few isolates resembling a porcine genotype. Higher intensities of shedding by males may enhance dissemination and genotypic mixing of this protozoa given males' proclivity to disperse to nonnatal colonies.
