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Erko Stackebrandt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Complete genome sequence of the free-living aerobic spirochete Turneriella parva type strain (H T )
Standards in Genomic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Erko Stackebrandt, Olga Chertkov, Alla Lapidus, Matt Nolan, Susan Lucas, Nancy Hammon, Shweta Deshpande, Jan-fang Cheng, Roxanne Tapia, Lynne GoodwinAbstract:Turneriella parva Levett et al . 2005 is the only species of the genus Turneriella which was established as a result of the reclassification of Leptospira parva Hovind-Hougen et al . 1982. Together with Leptonema and Leptospira , Turneriella constitutes the family Leptospiraceae , order Spirochaetales . Here we describe the features of this free-living aerobic spirochete together with the complete genome sequence, and annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the genus Turneriella and the 13th member of the family Leptospiraceae for which complete or draft genome sequences are now available. The 4,409,302 bp long genome with its 4,169 protein-coding and 45 RNA genes is part of the G enomic E ncyclopedia of B acteria and A rchaea project. doi:10.4056/sigs.3617113
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Genome sequence of the free-living aerobic spirochete Turneriella parva type strain (H^T), and emendation of the species Turneriella parva
Standards in Genomic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Erko Stackebrandt, Olga Chertkov, Alla Lapidus, Matt Nolan, Susan Lucas, Nancy Hammon, Shweta Deshpande, Jan-fang Cheng, Roxanne Tapia, Lynne A. GoodwinAbstract:Turneriella parva Levett et al. 2005 is the only species of the genus Turneriella which was established as a result of the reclassification of Leptospira parva Hovind-Hougen et al. 1982. Together with Leptonema and Leptospira, Turneriella constitutes the family Leptospiraceae , within the order Spirochaetales . Here we describe the features of this free-living aerobic spirochete together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the genus Turneriella and the 13^th member of the family Leptospiraceae for which a complete or draft genome sequence is now available. The 4,409,302 bp long genome with its 4,169 protein-coding and 45 RNA genes is part of the G enomic E ncyclopedia of B acteria and A rchaea project.
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16s rdna analysis of spirochaeta thermophila its phylogenetic position and implications for the systematics of the order Spirochaetales
Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 1992Co-Authors: Matthias Dorsch, Hugh W. Morgan, Frederick A Rainey, Erko StackebrandtAbstract:Summary The 16S rRNA gene of Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6578 was amplifed by the polymerase chain reaction and analysis of a 1333 nucleotide long stretch performed. The sequence was aligned to the homologous region of 13 representatives from six spirochete genera, and the phylogenetic position of S. thermophila determined. This species constitutes a deep-branching member of a cluster that is defined by representatives of Spirochaeta and Treponema and by Borellia burgdorferi . The genera Serpulina, Leptonema and Leptospira are more ancient representatives of the spirochete line of descent. The branching pattern confirms earlier results of phylogenetic studies which showed the genus Spirochaeta to be heterogeneous, with S. zuelzerae and S. stenostrepta displaying a higher degree of relatedness to treponemas than to the main (authentic) Spirochaeta group.
J. F. Banfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria-Dominated Biofilms That Precipitate ZnS in a Subsurface Circumneutral-pH Mine Drainage System
Microbial Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: M. Labrenz, J. F. BanfieldAbstract:The microbial diversity of ZnS-forming biofilms in 8°C, circumneutral-pH groundwater in tunnels within the abandoned Piquette Zn, Pb mine (Tennyson, Wisconsin, USA) has been investigated by molecular methods, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and cultivation techniques. These biofilms are growing on old mine timbers that generate locally anaerobic zones within the mine drainage system. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) exclusively of the family Desulfobacteriaceae comprise a significant fraction of the active microbiota. Desulfosporosinus strains were isolated, but could not be detected by molecular methods. Other important microbial clusters belonged to the β-, γ-, and ε -Proteobacteria , the Cytophaga/Flexibacter/Bacteroides -group (CFB), Planctomycetales , Spirochaetales , Clostridia, and green nonsulfur bacteria. Our investigations indicated a growth dependence of SRB on fermentative, cellulolytic, and organic acid-producing Clostridia. A few clones related to sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were detected, suggesting a sulfur cycle related to redox gradients within the biofilm. Sulfur oxidation prevents sulfide accumulation that would lead to precipitation of other sulfide phases. FISH analyses indicated that Desulfobacteriaceae populations were not early colonizers in freshly grown and ZnS-poor biofilms, whereas they were abundant in older, naturally established, and ZnS-rich biofilms. Gram-negative SRB have been detected in situ over a period of 6 months, supporting the important role of these organisms in selective ZnS precipitation in Tennyson mine. Results demonstrate the complex nature of biofilms responsible for in situ bioremediation of toxic metals in a subsurface mine drainage system.
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Sulfate-reducing bacteria-dominated biofilms that precipitate ZnS in a subsurface circumneutral-pH mine drainage system.
Microbial Ecology, 2004Co-Authors: M. Labrenz, J. F. BanfieldAbstract:The microbial diversity of ZnS-forming biofilms in 8°C, circumneutral-pH groundwater in tunnels within the abandoned Piquette Zn, Pb mine (Tennyson, Wisconsin, USA) has been investigated by molecular methods, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and cultivation techniques. These biofilms are growing on old mine timbers that generate locally anaerobic zones within the mine drainage system. Sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) exclusively of the family Desulfobacteriaceae comprise a significant fraction of the active microbiota. Desulfosporosinus strains were isolated, but could not be detected by molecular methods. Other important microbial clusters belonged to the β-, γ-, and e-Proteobacteria, the Cytophaga/Flexibacter/Bacteroides-group (CFB), Planctomycetales, Spirochaetales, Clostridia, and green nonsulfur bacteria. Our investigations indicated a growth dependence of SRB on fermentative, cellulolytic, and organic acid-producing Clostridia. A few clones related to sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were detected, suggesting a sulfur cycle related to redox gradients within the biofilm. Sulfur oxidation prevents sulfide accumulation that would lead to precipitation of other sulfide phases. FISH analyses indicated that Desulfobacteriaceae populations were not early colonizers in freshly grown and ZnS-poor biofilms, whereas they were abundant in older, naturally established, and ZnS-rich biofilms. Gram-negative SRB have been detected in situ over a period of 6 months, supporting the important role of these organisms in selective ZnS precipitation in Tennyson mine. Results demonstrate the complex nature of biofilms responsible for in situ bioremediation of toxic metals in a subsurface mine drainage system.
Lynne A. Goodwin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Genome sequence of the free-living aerobic spirochete Turneriella parva type strain (H^T), and emendation of the species Turneriella parva
Standards in Genomic Sciences, 2013Co-Authors: Erko Stackebrandt, Olga Chertkov, Alla Lapidus, Matt Nolan, Susan Lucas, Nancy Hammon, Shweta Deshpande, Jan-fang Cheng, Roxanne Tapia, Lynne A. GoodwinAbstract:Turneriella parva Levett et al. 2005 is the only species of the genus Turneriella which was established as a result of the reclassification of Leptospira parva Hovind-Hougen et al. 1982. Together with Leptonema and Leptospira, Turneriella constitutes the family Leptospiraceae , within the order Spirochaetales . Here we describe the features of this free-living aerobic spirochete together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the genus Turneriella and the 13^th member of the family Leptospiraceae for which a complete or draft genome sequence is now available. The 4,409,302 bp long genome with its 4,169 protein-coding and 45 RNA genes is part of the G enomic E ncyclopedia of B acteria and A rchaea project.
Frederick A Rainey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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16s rdna analysis of spirochaeta thermophila its phylogenetic position and implications for the systematics of the order Spirochaetales
Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 1992Co-Authors: Matthias Dorsch, Hugh W. Morgan, Frederick A Rainey, Erko StackebrandtAbstract:Summary The 16S rRNA gene of Spirochaeta thermophila DSM 6578 was amplifed by the polymerase chain reaction and analysis of a 1333 nucleotide long stretch performed. The sequence was aligned to the homologous region of 13 representatives from six spirochete genera, and the phylogenetic position of S. thermophila determined. This species constitutes a deep-branching member of a cluster that is defined by representatives of Spirochaeta and Treponema and by Borellia burgdorferi . The genera Serpulina, Leptonema and Leptospira are more ancient representatives of the spirochete line of descent. The branching pattern confirms earlier results of phylogenetic studies which showed the genus Spirochaeta to be heterogeneous, with S. zuelzerae and S. stenostrepta displaying a higher degree of relatedness to treponemas than to the main (authentic) Spirochaeta group.
Lars Eisen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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experimental demonstration of reservoir competence of the white footed mouse peromyscus leucopus rodentia cricetidae for the lyme disease spirochete borrelia mayonii Spirochaetales spirochaetaceae
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2020Co-Authors: Christina M Parise, Rebecca J Eisen, Nicole E Breuner, Andrias Hojgaard, Lynn M Osikowicz, Adam J Replogle, Lars EisenAbstract:: The white-footed mouse, Peromyscus leucopus (Rafinesque), is a reservoir for the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto in the eastern half of the United States, where the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), is the primary vector. In the Midwest, an additional Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia mayonii, was recorded from naturally infected I. scapularis and P. leucopus. However, an experimental demonstration of reservoir competence was lacking for a natural tick host. We therefore experimentally infected P. leucopus with B. mayonii via I. scapularis nymphal bites and then fed uninfected larvae on the mice to demonstrate spirochete acquisition and passage to resulting nymphs. Of 23 mice fed on by B. mayonii-infected nymphs, 21 (91%) developed active infections. The infection prevalence for nymphs fed as larvae on these infected mice 4 wk post-infection ranged from 56 to 98%, and the overall infection prevalence for 842 nymphs across all 21 P. leucopus was 75% (95% confidence interval, 72-77%). To assess duration of infectivity, 10 of the P. leucopus were reinfested with uninfected larval ticks 12 wk after the mice were infected. The overall infection prevalence for 480 nymphs across all 10 P. leucopus at the 12-wk time point was 26% (95% confidence interval, 23-31%), when compared with 76% (95% confidence interval, 71-79%) for 474 nymphs from the same subset of 10 mice at the 4-wk time point. We conclude that P. leucopus is susceptible to infection with B. mayonii via bite by I. scapularis nymphs and an efficient reservoir for this Lyme disease spirochete.
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lymesim 2 0 an updated simulation of blacklegged tick acari ixodidae population dynamics and enzootic transmission of borrelia burgdorferi Spirochaetales spirochaetaceae
Journal of Medical Entomology, 2020Co-Authors: Holly Gaff, Rebecca J Eisen, Lars Eisen, Robyn M Nadolny, Jenna Bjork, Andrew MonaghanAbstract:: Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the United States, and the number of cases reported each year continues to rise. The complex nature of the relationships between the pathogen (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto), the tick vector (Ixodes scapularis Say), multiple vertebrate hosts, and numerous environmental factors creates challenges for understanding and predicting tick population and pathogen transmission dynamics. LYMESIM is a mechanistic model developed in the late 1990s to simulate the life-history of I. scapularis and transmission dynamics of B. burgdorferi s.s. Here we present LYMESIM 2.0, a modernized version of LYMESIM, that includes several modifications to enhance the biological realism of the model and to generate outcomes that are more readily measured under field conditions. The model is tested for three geographically distinct locations in New York, Minnesota, and Virginia. Model-simulated timing and densities of questing nymphs, infected nymphs, and abundances of nymphs feeding on hosts are consistent with field observations and reports for these locations. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the importance of temperature in host finding for the density of nymphs, the importance of transmission from small mammals to ticks on the density of infected nymphs, and temperature-related tick survival for both density of nymphs and infected nymphs. A key challenge for accurate modeling of these metrics is the need for regionally representative inputs for host populations and their fluctuations. LYMESIM 2.0 is a useful public health tool that downstream can be used to evaluate tick control interventions and can be adapted for other ticks and pathogens.