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K Habtegebrial - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of timing of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers on yield nitrogen and sulphur contents of tef eragrostis tef zucc trotter
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2006Co-Authors: K Habtegebrial, Bal Ram SinghAbstract:Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of tef, a major staple crop in Ethiopia, is very low, either caused by untimely use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers or lack of other essential nutrients like sulphur (S). The average grain yield of this crop is low, averaging <0.8 Mg ha−1 in farmer’s fields of the semi-arid conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to see the effect of the timing of combined N and S fertilization on the yield, yield components, and N and S concentration in the plant parts of the crop. A factorial combination of three rates of N (0, 70, and 105 kg ha−1) with four rates of S (0, 16, 32, and 48 kg ha−1) was applied in randomized complete blocks in three replications. The experiment was carried out in the 2004 and 2005 cropping seasons in the Cambisols of the semi-arid area of Ethiopia. The crop responded significantly (P < 0.05) to both Split (one-third at planting and two-thirds at late tillering) and whole (all at planting) N and S Applications and years. Combined N and S fertilization increased the dry matter (DM) and grain yields on average by 1.7 and 0.3 Mg ha−1, compared with the control. Similarly, S fertilization increased the NUE of the tef crop by 36%. Nitrogen concentration of shoots was found to significantly increase with S Application (P < 0.05), with strong positive interactions both in the Split and whole Applications. The sulphur increase in grains was significant with N rates for both Applications, with significant interaction effects observed for the Split Application in both cropping seasons. Split Application resulted in 0.9 and 0.3 Mg ha−1 significant increase in DM and grain yields, averaged for both years and treatments compared with the whole Application. Similar significant increases were observed for panicle yield, NUE, and shoot and grain N and S concentrations. The average N:S ratio in grains was 10.6:1. Significant (P < 0.05) yearly variations were also observed. Dry matter and grain yields of 2005 were higher on average by 2.10 and 0.32 Mg ha−1 than those of the 2004 cropping season. The percentage of N and S concentrations of grains, averaged for both Applications, were higher by 13 and 9% in 2004; even though the N and S uptakes of 2005 were higher on average by 5.0 and 0.5 kg ha−1 than those of the 2004 cropping season. This work showed that the yield response and NUE of the tef crop could be improved with Split N and S fertilizer Applications, with tef-producing farmers benefitting from the Application of S-containing N fertilizers to soils deficient in these nutrients.
Bal Ram Singh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of timing of nitrogen and sulphur fertilizers on yield nitrogen and sulphur contents of tef eragrostis tef zucc trotter
Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 2006Co-Authors: K Habtegebrial, Bal Ram SinghAbstract:Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of tef, a major staple crop in Ethiopia, is very low, either caused by untimely use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers or lack of other essential nutrients like sulphur (S). The average grain yield of this crop is low, averaging <0.8 Mg ha−1 in farmer’s fields of the semi-arid conditions. Therefore, the present study was conducted to see the effect of the timing of combined N and S fertilization on the yield, yield components, and N and S concentration in the plant parts of the crop. A factorial combination of three rates of N (0, 70, and 105 kg ha−1) with four rates of S (0, 16, 32, and 48 kg ha−1) was applied in randomized complete blocks in three replications. The experiment was carried out in the 2004 and 2005 cropping seasons in the Cambisols of the semi-arid area of Ethiopia. The crop responded significantly (P < 0.05) to both Split (one-third at planting and two-thirds at late tillering) and whole (all at planting) N and S Applications and years. Combined N and S fertilization increased the dry matter (DM) and grain yields on average by 1.7 and 0.3 Mg ha−1, compared with the control. Similarly, S fertilization increased the NUE of the tef crop by 36%. Nitrogen concentration of shoots was found to significantly increase with S Application (P < 0.05), with strong positive interactions both in the Split and whole Applications. The sulphur increase in grains was significant with N rates for both Applications, with significant interaction effects observed for the Split Application in both cropping seasons. Split Application resulted in 0.9 and 0.3 Mg ha−1 significant increase in DM and grain yields, averaged for both years and treatments compared with the whole Application. Similar significant increases were observed for panicle yield, NUE, and shoot and grain N and S concentrations. The average N:S ratio in grains was 10.6:1. Significant (P < 0.05) yearly variations were also observed. Dry matter and grain yields of 2005 were higher on average by 2.10 and 0.32 Mg ha−1 than those of the 2004 cropping season. The percentage of N and S concentrations of grains, averaged for both Applications, were higher by 13 and 9% in 2004; even though the N and S uptakes of 2005 were higher on average by 5.0 and 0.5 kg ha−1 than those of the 2004 cropping season. This work showed that the yield response and NUE of the tef crop could be improved with Split N and S fertilizer Applications, with tef-producing farmers benefitting from the Application of S-containing N fertilizers to soils deficient in these nutrients.
Carl J Rosen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Split Application of stabilized ammonium nitrate improved potato yield and nitrogen use efficiency with reduced Application rate in tropical sandy soils
Field Crops Research, 2020Co-Authors: Emerson De Freitas Cordova De Souza, Rogerio Peres Soratto, Patricio Sandana, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J RosenAbstract:Abstract Urea is the dominant nitrogen (N) fertilizer used for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation in most parts of the world. Fertilizers containing a nitrification inhibitor (NI) claim to improve performance of crops including potato. No studies to date have conducted comprehensive assessment of N sources and the effectiveness of NI under varying N rates or Application timings to enhance potato yield, tuber quality or N-use efficiency (NUE) in tropical regions. Three field experiments were conducted on irrigated sandy soils in southeastern Brazil to determine whether single or Split Application of ammonium sulfate nitrate (ASN) with the NI 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) at reduced (75%) or recommended N rates (RNR, 100% = 160 kg ha-1) could improve yield, quality and/or NUE of ‘Agata’ potato over conventional Split-applied urea at 100% of RNR. Compared to the conventional practice, Split-applied ASN + DMPP, at either 75% or 100% of RNR, increased fresh tuber yield by an average of 15% across all site-years (SYs) and reduced N surplus in SYs with greater rainfall events suggesting that reactive N losses to the environment were also reduced. With Split-applied ASN + DMPP at 75% of RNR, fresh tuber yield per unit of applied N increased by 34% compared to Split-applied ASN + DMPP at 100% of RNR, and by 50–75% compared to a single Application of ASN + DMPP at planting. These results demonstrate a mutually beneficial opportunity, where the rate of Split-applied ASN + DMPP can be reduced by 25% while at the same time increasing yields, thus resulting in agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits due to the decreased potential for off-site reactive N losses.
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fertilizer and irrigation management effects on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching
Agronomy Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Bijesh Maharjan, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J RosenAbstract:Irrigation and N fertilizer management are important factors affecting crop yield, N fertilizer recovery efficiency, and N losses as nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and nitrate (NO 3 –) . Split Application of conventional urea (Split-U) and/or one-time Application of products designed to perform as enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers may mitigate N losses. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of controlled-release polymer-coated urea (PCU), stabilized urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors (IU) and Split-U on direct soilto-atmosphere N 2 O emissions, NO 3 – leaching, and yield for fully irrigated and minimum-irrigated corn in loamy sand. Indirect N 2 O emissions due to NO 3 – leaching were estimated using published emission factors (EF 5 ). Split-U increased yield and N uptake compared with preplant-applied PCU or IU and decreased NO 3 – leaching compared with PCU. Direct N 2 O emissions were significantly less with IU or Split-U than with PCU, and there was a trend for greater emissions with Split-U than with IU (P = 0.08). Irrigation significantly increased NO 3 – leaching during the growing season but had no significant effect on direct N 2 O emissions. After accounting for significantly increased yields with irrigation, however, N losses expressed on a yield basis did not differ and in some cases decreased with irrigation. Post-harvest soil N and soil-water NO 3 – in spring showed the potential for greater N leaching in minimum-irrigated than fully irrigated plots. Indirect emissions due to NO 3 – leaching were estimated to be 79 to 117% of direct emissions using the default value
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polymer coated urea maintains potato yields and reduces nitrous oxide emissions in a minnesota loamy sand
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Charles R Hyatt, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J Rosen, Matthew Mcnearney, Melissa L Wilson, Michael S DolanAbstract:Irrigated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production requires large inputs ofN, and therefore has high potential for N loss including emissions of N 2 O. Two strategies for reducing N loss include Split Applications of conventional fertilizers, and single Applications of polymer-coated urea (PCU), both of which aim to better match the timing ofN availability with plant demand. The objective of this 3-yr study was to compare N 2 O emissions and potato yields following a conventional Split Application (CSA) using multiple additions of soluble fertilizers with single preplant Applications of two different PCUs (PCU-1 and PCU-2) in a loamy sand in Minnesota. Each treatment received 270 kg of fertilizer N ha -1 per season. An unfertilized control treatment was included in 2 of 3 yr. Tuber yields did not vary among fertilizer treatments, but N 2 O emissions were significantly higher with CSA than PCU-1. During 3 consecutive yr, mean growing season emissions were 1.36, 0.83, and 1.13 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 with CSA, PCU-1, and PCU-2, respectively, compared with emissions of 0.79 and 0.42 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 in the control. The PCU-1 released N more slowly during in situ incubation than PCU-2, although differences in N 2 O emitted by the two PCUs were not generally significant. Fertilizer-induced emissions were relatively low, ranging from 0.10 to 0.15% of applied N with PCU-1 up to 0.25 to 0.49% with CSA. These results show that N Application strategies utilizing PCUs can maintain yields, reduce costs associated with Split Applications, and also reduce N 2 O emissions.
Rodney T Venterea - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Split Application of stabilized ammonium nitrate improved potato yield and nitrogen use efficiency with reduced Application rate in tropical sandy soils
Field Crops Research, 2020Co-Authors: Emerson De Freitas Cordova De Souza, Rogerio Peres Soratto, Patricio Sandana, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J RosenAbstract:Abstract Urea is the dominant nitrogen (N) fertilizer used for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivation in most parts of the world. Fertilizers containing a nitrification inhibitor (NI) claim to improve performance of crops including potato. No studies to date have conducted comprehensive assessment of N sources and the effectiveness of NI under varying N rates or Application timings to enhance potato yield, tuber quality or N-use efficiency (NUE) in tropical regions. Three field experiments were conducted on irrigated sandy soils in southeastern Brazil to determine whether single or Split Application of ammonium sulfate nitrate (ASN) with the NI 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) at reduced (75%) or recommended N rates (RNR, 100% = 160 kg ha-1) could improve yield, quality and/or NUE of ‘Agata’ potato over conventional Split-applied urea at 100% of RNR. Compared to the conventional practice, Split-applied ASN + DMPP, at either 75% or 100% of RNR, increased fresh tuber yield by an average of 15% across all site-years (SYs) and reduced N surplus in SYs with greater rainfall events suggesting that reactive N losses to the environment were also reduced. With Split-applied ASN + DMPP at 75% of RNR, fresh tuber yield per unit of applied N increased by 34% compared to Split-applied ASN + DMPP at 100% of RNR, and by 50–75% compared to a single Application of ASN + DMPP at planting. These results demonstrate a mutually beneficial opportunity, where the rate of Split-applied ASN + DMPP can be reduced by 25% while at the same time increasing yields, thus resulting in agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits due to the decreased potential for off-site reactive N losses.
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fertilizer and irrigation management effects on nitrous oxide emissions and nitrate leaching
Agronomy Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Bijesh Maharjan, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J RosenAbstract:Irrigation and N fertilizer management are important factors affecting crop yield, N fertilizer recovery efficiency, and N losses as nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and nitrate (NO 3 –) . Split Application of conventional urea (Split-U) and/or one-time Application of products designed to perform as enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers may mitigate N losses. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of controlled-release polymer-coated urea (PCU), stabilized urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors (IU) and Split-U on direct soilto-atmosphere N 2 O emissions, NO 3 – leaching, and yield for fully irrigated and minimum-irrigated corn in loamy sand. Indirect N 2 O emissions due to NO 3 – leaching were estimated using published emission factors (EF 5 ). Split-U increased yield and N uptake compared with preplant-applied PCU or IU and decreased NO 3 – leaching compared with PCU. Direct N 2 O emissions were significantly less with IU or Split-U than with PCU, and there was a trend for greater emissions with Split-U than with IU (P = 0.08). Irrigation significantly increased NO 3 – leaching during the growing season but had no significant effect on direct N 2 O emissions. After accounting for significantly increased yields with irrigation, however, N losses expressed on a yield basis did not differ and in some cases decreased with irrigation. Post-harvest soil N and soil-water NO 3 – in spring showed the potential for greater N leaching in minimum-irrigated than fully irrigated plots. Indirect emissions due to NO 3 – leaching were estimated to be 79 to 117% of direct emissions using the default value
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polymer coated urea maintains potato yields and reduces nitrous oxide emissions in a minnesota loamy sand
Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2010Co-Authors: Charles R Hyatt, Rodney T Venterea, Carl J Rosen, Matthew Mcnearney, Melissa L Wilson, Michael S DolanAbstract:Irrigated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production requires large inputs ofN, and therefore has high potential for N loss including emissions of N 2 O. Two strategies for reducing N loss include Split Applications of conventional fertilizers, and single Applications of polymer-coated urea (PCU), both of which aim to better match the timing ofN availability with plant demand. The objective of this 3-yr study was to compare N 2 O emissions and potato yields following a conventional Split Application (CSA) using multiple additions of soluble fertilizers with single preplant Applications of two different PCUs (PCU-1 and PCU-2) in a loamy sand in Minnesota. Each treatment received 270 kg of fertilizer N ha -1 per season. An unfertilized control treatment was included in 2 of 3 yr. Tuber yields did not vary among fertilizer treatments, but N 2 O emissions were significantly higher with CSA than PCU-1. During 3 consecutive yr, mean growing season emissions were 1.36, 0.83, and 1.13 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 with CSA, PCU-1, and PCU-2, respectively, compared with emissions of 0.79 and 0.42 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 in the control. The PCU-1 released N more slowly during in situ incubation than PCU-2, although differences in N 2 O emitted by the two PCUs were not generally significant. Fertilizer-induced emissions were relatively low, ranging from 0.10 to 0.15% of applied N with PCU-1 up to 0.25 to 0.49% with CSA. These results show that N Application strategies utilizing PCUs can maintain yields, reduce costs associated with Split Applications, and also reduce N 2 O emissions.
Hunduma Sakatu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effect of Timing of Nitrogen Split Application on Productivity, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Food Barley (Hordium vulgare L.) in Central Highlands of Ethiopia
The International Institute for Science Technology and Education (IISTE), 2021Co-Authors: Hunduma SakatuAbstract:This study was planned to identify the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer Split Application timing for food barley using 'HB-1307' food barley variety. This experiment was done at Holeta Agricultural Research center, West Shoa, Ethiopia. The Split nitrogen Application times were ½ at planting + ½ at mid tillering, ½ at planting + ½ at anthesis, nil at planting + ½ at mid tillering + ½ at anthesis, nil at planting + full at mid tillering, nil at planting + full at anthesis, ½ at planting + 2/3 at mid tillering, 1/3 at planting + 1/3 mid tillering + 1/3 at anthesis, nil at planting + 1/3 mid tillering + 2/3 at anthesis, 2/3 at planting + 1/3 mid tillering, 2/3 at planting + 1/3 at anthesis, full at planting and negative control. The experiment was laid out randomized complete block design with three replications. Timing of Split nitrogen fertilizer Applications has significant effect on the yield and yield component of food barley. Application of nitrogen fertilizer one third at sowing plus two third at mid tillering gave the highest grain yield. This Application method gave a yield advantage of 9.96 % over the commonly practiced 1/2 at sowing and 1/2 at mid tillering. It also gave the highest economic return and agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Keywords: Split Application timing ,nitrogen fertilizer, nitisols, food barley DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-9-02 Publication date:May 31st 202
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Grain Yield, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] Production as Influenced by Nitrogen Split Application Timing in Central Highlands of Ethiopia
The International Institute for Science Technology and Education (IISTE), 2018Co-Authors: Hunduma SakatuAbstract:Tef [Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] is among the major cereals of Ethiopia and occupies the largest cultivated land more than any other cereals. This experiment was initiated to evaluate the appropriate nitrogen fertilizer Split Application timing for Quncho tef variety. The experiment was done at Holeta Agricultural Research center, West Shoa, Ethiopia. The Split nitrogen Application times involved in the study were 1/2 at sowing + 1/2 at mid tillering, 1/2 at sowing +1/2 at anthesis, nil at sowing + 1/2 mid tillering + 1/2 at anthesis, nil at sowing + full at mid tillering, nil at sowing + full at anthesis, 1/3 at sowing + 2/3 at mid tillering, 1/3 at sowing + 1/3 mid tillering + 1/3 at anthesis, nil at sowing + 1/3 mid tillering + 2/3 at anthesis, 2/3 at sowing + 1/3 mid tillering, 2/3 at sowing + 1/3 at anthesis, full at sowing and negative control. The experimental design used was completely randomized block design with three replications. Yield and yield components of tef crop studied includes Grain and biomass yields, plant height, panicle length and Harvest index. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer Application has significant effect on yield and yield components of tef. Timing of nitrogen fertilizer 1/3 at sowing + 2/3 at mid tillering gave the highest tef plant height, panicle length, biomass yield, grain yield and harvest index compared with other nitrogen timing. It also gives the height Agronomic Nitrogen Use Efficiency and highest economic return. Keywords: Split Application timing, Nitrogen fertilizer, Grain yield, Nitisols, Te
