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Salvador Herrero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Influence of Diet, Sex, and Viral Infections on the Gut Microbiota Composition of Spodoptera exigua Caterpillars.
Frontiers in microbiology, 2020Co-Authors: María Martínez-solís, Maria Carmen Collado, Salvador HerreroAbstract:The gut microbiota plays essential roles in processes related with metabolism, physiology, and immunity in all organisms, including insects. In the present work, we performed a broad analysis of the Spodoptera exigua gut microbiota, a major agricultural pest. We analyzed the influence of multiple parameters such as diet, geographic location, sex, or viral infections on S. exigua caterpillar gut microbiota composition. Our study revealed a high variability in bacterial composition among individuals, and a major influence of environmental bacteria (including those acquired through diet) on the gut microbiota composition, supporting previous studies that claim resident microbiota are lacking in caterpillars. Previous studies with laboratory-reared insects showed that changes in caterpillar gut bacterial composition affect the insecticidal properties of entomopathogenic viruses and bacteria. Our study revealed different microbiota composition in field insects carrying a natural viral infection with Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) and/or Spodoptera exigua iflavirus 1 (SeIV1). Few taxa can be specifically associated with the infection, suggesting microbiota influence the infective process of these natural pathogens, and providing new strategies for insect pest management.
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Outcome of mixed DNA virus infections on Spodoptera exigua susceptibility to SeMNPV
Journal of Pest Science, 2019Co-Authors: Laila Gasmi, Ada Frattini, Mylène Ogliastro, Salvador HerreroAbstract:Baculovirus-based biopesticides have been developed for an efficient control of lepidopteran pests; however, very few studies have assessed the effect of other viral microorganisms that might coexist with the applied baculovirus pesticide. Systematic studies are needed to predict the effect of such microorganisms on the baculovirus efficacy following application in the field. In this context, we examined the effect of a sublethal doses of the DNA virus Junonia coenia densovirus (JcDV) on the infectivity of the Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV) when infecting the same host, Spodoptera exigua . In our experimental conditions, the infection timing was critical for the mixed infection outcome. The consecutive infections with SeMNPV and later with JcDV did not affect the larval mortality or the measured infection parameters compared with single infection with the baculovirus. However, when larvae were first infected with JcDV, a clear antagonism was detected between both viruses and resulted in a patent reduction in viral pathogenicity and deleterious effects observed in the SeMNPV progeny. On the other hand, the simultaneous infection with both viruses led to an additive effect of the mortalities caused by the two viruses. Our results reveal that temporal order of the infection with one or the other virus affects the outcome of mixed viral infections on the targeted pest and may influence the ecology of baculovirus and its use as biological insecticide.
Zhang Jun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Isolation,Identification,and Determination of Virulence of Spodoptera exigua Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus Chinese Strain
Virologica Sinica, 2001Co-Authors: Zhang JunAbstract:A strain of Spodoptera exigua Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus(SeNPV)isolated from China was purified and identified.The results of bioassay indicated that the LC 50 of 2nd and 3rd instar of Spodoptera exigua was 6.6 ×10 4 and 2.6×10 5 PIB/ml.
G. W. Lawrence - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interactive effects of Steinernema carpocapsae and Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus on Spodoptera exigua larvae
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 1995Co-Authors: A. A. Agra Gothama, P. P. Sikorowski, G. W. LawrenceAbstract:Abstract Laboratory experiments were conducted to assess the interactive effect of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and Spodoptera exigua multinucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (SeMNPV) when applied in combination against the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua , larvae on soybean. The LC 25 and LC 50 for S. carpocapsae and SeMNPV were determined and tested as single and combination treatments. The LC 25 and LC 50 for S. carpocapsae were 117 and 263 nematodes/ml, respectively, and for SeM-NPV were 7.6 × 10 3 and 1.9 × 10 4 polyhedral inclusion bodies/ml, respectively. S. carpocapsae and SeMNPV produced additive effects on beet armyworm mortality in all combination treatments. Combinations of S. carpocapsoe + SeMNPV at LC 25 + LC 25 and LC 50 + LC 50 resulted in a significantly higher larval mortality than treatments with either pathogen alone at the corresponding concentrations. Combinations of the pathogens at LC 25 + LC 25 and LC 50 + LC 25 produced a significantly higher larval mortality than treatments with LC 25 of either pathogen alone. However, these mortalities were not significantly different from those in LC 50 treatments of either pathogen alone. The reproductive ability of S. carpocapsae in the infected hosts was not affected by SeMNPV in the combination treatments. These results suggest that treatments with S. carpocapsae + SeMNPV at appropriate combinations of concentration levels may result in greater control of beet armyworm than applications of either pathogen alone, particularly in a soybean ecosystem.
Tang Haijun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation of Spodoptera exigua Sex Pheromone Lures in Welsh Onion
Journal of Changjiang Vegetables, 2010Co-Authors: Tang HaijunAbstract:Nine sex pheromone were evaluated in the field of welsh onion,one of the beet Spodoptera exigua host plants.The best lures attracted average twice number of moths than the standard lures.The lures screened in the experiments could be extended to the larger area in Shanghai to increase the efficiency of S.exigua pest control by sex pheromone and low down the cost.
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Effects of Added Components on Spodoptera exigua Sex Attractant in Trap Catches
Journal of Changjiang Vegetables, 2010Co-Authors: Tang HaijunAbstract:To find more effective Spodoptera exigua sex attractant for the field pest control,synergistic and active components in the selected sex attractant with the assistant of the NewCon Inc Ningbo were added.By the comparative experiments in the field,the ratio of added components was confirmed.The number of the trapped moths with optimal ratio component was increased by 4.5%-35.8%.If the ratio of the component was improper,the effect was instable.
J. Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Biodiversity of the microbiota in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
Journal of applied microbiology, 2019Co-Authors: X. Gao, J. Luo, Lanwei Zhang, X. Zhu, Li Wang, Suojiang Zhang, J. CuiAbstract:AIMS Spodoptera exigua is a serious pest of many agricultural crops. However, the bacterial communities of S. exigua are poorly studied, particularly over their entire life cycle. We aimed to study the biodiversity of the microbiota across the life cycle of S. exigua and to provide a better and obtain insight into new pest control strategies. METHODS AND RESULTS The bacterial diversity across the life cycle of S. exigua was studied using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA genes. Spodoptera exigua is dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, with a total relative abundance of 90·03%. Enterococcus (24·6%), Pseudomonas (12·2%) and Asaia (45·9%) were abundant and active in eggs, while Methylobacterium (18·7%) and Halomonas (16·5%) dominated freshly eclosed larvae. The 3rd and 5th instar larvae were dominated by Enterococcus (76·3 and 62·0%). Pupal stages had the highest microbial diversity. There was no significant difference between newly emerged males and females. Symbionts of eggs were extremely similar and probably vertically transmitted by males during mating. CONCLUSIONS The result showed that the bacterial community was affected by the host developmental stages. Our results also suggest that symbionts of egg mass are probably vertically transmitted control by male spawning adults. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Our study documents the symbiont bacteria across the life cycle of S. exigua. Understanding the microbial symbionts may provide clues to develop potential biocontrol techniques against this pest.