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Zhenming Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmentally-friendly oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt, lithium carbonate and graphite from spent LiCoO2/graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of "waste+waste→resources." After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

  • environmentally friendly oxygen free roasting wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt lithium carbonate and graphite from spent licoo2 graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    Abstract The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of “waste + waste → resources.” After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2 and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2 and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2 and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

Jia Li - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmentally-friendly oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt, lithium carbonate and graphite from spent LiCoO2/graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of "waste+waste→resources." After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

  • environmentally friendly oxygen free roasting wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt lithium carbonate and graphite from spent licoo2 graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    Abstract The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of “waste + waste → resources.” After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2 and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2 and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2 and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

Guangxu Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Environmentally-friendly oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt, lithium carbonate and graphite from spent LiCoO2/graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of "waste+waste→resources." After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

  • environmentally friendly oxygen free roasting wet magnetic separation technology for in situ recycling cobalt lithium carbonate and graphite from spent licoo2 graphite lithium batteries
    Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2016
    Co-Authors: Jia Li, Guangxu Wang, Zhenming Xu
    Abstract:

    Abstract The definite aim of the present paper is to present some novel methods that use oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation to in situ recycle of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite from mixed electrode materials. The in situ recycling means to change waste into resources by its own components, which is an idea of “waste + waste → resources.” After mechanical scraping the mixed electrode materials enrich powders of LiCoO2 and graphite. The possible reaction between LiCoO2 and graphite was obtained by thermodynamic analysis. The feasibility of the reaction at high temperature was studied with the simultaneous thermogravimetry analysis under Standard Atmospheric Pressure. Then the oxygen-free roasting/wet magnetic separation method was used to transfer the low added value mixed electrode materials to high added value products. The results indicated that, through the serious technologies of oxygen-free roasting and wet magnetic separation, mixture materials consist with LiCoO2 and graphite powders are transferred to the individual products of cobalt, Lithium Carbonate and Graphite. Because there is not any chemical solution added in the process, the cost of treating secondary pollution can be saved. This study provides a theoretical basis for industrial-scale recycling resources from spent LIBs.

Chung-tse Michael Wu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Microwave Gas Sensor based on Graphene-loaded Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity Resonator
    2016 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), 2016
    Co-Authors: Mark Ming-cheng Cheng, Jimmy Ching-ming Chen, Chung-tse Michael Wu
    Abstract:

    In this paper, novel microwave gas sensors based on graphene-loaded substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity resonators are presented. Two SIW-based cavity resonators, a ring-slot resonator and a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), are fabricated and coated with chemical vapor deposited (CVD)-grown graphene. The fabricated graphene contains a layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on its top. The graphene sheets exhibit high sensitivity to various kinds of polar and non-polar gases. When polar gas contacts the graphene sheet, it will donate or receive electrons, thereby changing its conductance. The SIW cavities thus perform a resonant frequency shift from the perturbation of electron exchange. In the experiment, a frequency shift of 59 MHz and 157 MHz for the SIW ring-slot resonator and CSRR, respectively, can be observed after pure ammonia gas is injected into a closed chamber filled with air at Standard Atmospheric Pressure and temperature. This work demonstrates a very simple and efficient gas sensing scheme in the microwave regime. The proposed devices are promising to be further integrated with RF front-ends, providing a low cost and high sensitive gas sensing and environmental monitoring solution.

  • Microwave Gas Sensor based on Graphene-loaded Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity Resonator
    IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 2016
    Co-Authors: Mohammad Ashraf Ali, Jimmy Ching-ming Chen, Mark Ming-cheng Cheng, Chung-tse Michael Wu
    Abstract:

    — In this paper, novel microwave gas sensors based on graphene-loaded substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavity resonators are presented. Two SIW-based cavity resonators, a ring-slot resonator and a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), are fabricated and coated with chemical vapor deposited (CVD)-grown graphene. The fabricated graphene contains a layer of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) on its top. The graphene sheets exhibit high sensitivity to various kinds of polar and non-polar gases. When polar gas contacts the graphene sheet, it will donate or receive electrons, thereby changing its conductance. The SIW cavities thus perform a resonant frequency shift from the perturbation of electron exchange. In the experiment, a frequency shift of 59 MHz and 157 MHz for the SIW ring-slot resonator and CSRR, respectively, can be observed after pure ammonia gas is injected into a closed chamber filled with air at Standard Atmospheric Pressure and temperature. This work demonstrates a very simple and efficient gas sensing scheme in the microwave regime. The proposed devices are promising to be further integrated with RF front-ends, providing a low cost and high sensitive gas sensing and environmental monitoring solution. Index Terms — Ammonia gas sensor, chemical vapor deposition, graphene, gas sensor, complementary ring resonators, substrate integrated waveguide (SIW).

Christopher J. Wormald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quadrupole coupling in (carbon dioxide + dioxane)(g). The excess molar enthalpy and second virial cross-coefficient of (dioxane + carbon dioxide or propane)(g)
    The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1999
    Co-Authors: Christopher J. Wormald, P.w. Johnson
    Abstract:

    Abstract A flow-mixing calorimeter has been used to measure the excess molar enthalpy H m E ( p o ) of (carbon dioxide  +  dioxane)(g) and (propane  +  dioxane)(g) at Standard Atmospheric Pressure ( p o )  =  0.101325 MPa over the temperature range T  =  (373.2 to 433.2) K. The measurements on (propane + dioxane) were fitted by using (1  −  k 12 )  =  0.85 in the combining rule ϵ 12  =  (1  −  k 12 )( ϵ 11 ϵ 22 ) 1 / 2 . This value was used to calculate H m E for (carbon dioxide + dioxane) but the measured values were found to be less positive than predicted. The difference was attributed to quadrupolequadrupole coupling energy and this was estimated by assuming a quasi-chemical model which, for the carbon dioxide–dioxane interaction, yielded a value of the equilibrium constant K 12 (298.15K )  =  0.126 MPa  − 1 and an enthalpy of association Δ H 12  =  − (8.4  ±  2) kJ · mol  − 1 . Second virial cross-coefficients have been derived from the measurements.

  • The second virial coefficient of dichloromethane from measurements of the excess molar enthalpy of (nitrogen + dichloromethane)(g)
    The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1998
    Co-Authors: Christopher J. Wormald, P.w. Johnson
    Abstract:

    Abstract A flow-mixing calorimeter has been used to measure the excess molar enthalpy H E m ( p °) of (nitrogen+dichloromethane)(g) at Standard Atmospheric Pressure ( p °) over the temperature range (323.2 to 423.2) K. The measurements were analysed using pair potential parameters for nitrogen, assuming suitable combining rules for the calculation of cross-terms, and finding parameters of the Stockmayer potential for dichloromethane which fitted the excess enthalpy measurements. These parameters are e/ k =722 K, σ=0.318 nm, and t *=0.289. Second virial coefficients calculated from these parameters are in accord with those from ( p , V , T ) experiments.

  • The second virial coefficient of dioxane from measurements of the excess molar enthalpy of (nitrogen + dioxane)(g)
    The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1998
    Co-Authors: A.p. Parker, F. Rieger, Christopher J. Wormald
    Abstract:

    Abstract A flow-mixing calorimeter has been used to measure the excess molar enthalpy H E m ( p °) of (nitrogen+dioxane)(g) at Standard Atmospheric Pressure ( p °) over the temperature range (373.2 to 423.2) K. The measurements were analysed using pair potential parameters for nitrogen, assuming suitable combining rules for the calculation of cross-terms, and finding Kihara potential parameters for dioxane which fitted the excess enthalpy measurements. These parameters are e/ k =920 K, σ=0.506 nm, and a =0.095 nm. Second virial coefficients calculated from these parameters are about 50 cm 3 mol −1 more negative than values calculated from the corresponding states correlation of Tsonopoulos. There are no experimental values with which to make comparison.

  • The second virial coefficient of diethyl-ketone from measurements of the excess molar enthalpy of (nitrogen + diethyl-ketone)(g)
    The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1998
    Co-Authors: C. Mathonat, Jm Wilson, Christopher J. Wormald
    Abstract:

    Abstract A flow-mixing calorimeter has been used to measure the excess molar enthalpy H m E ( p °) of (nitrogen+diethyl ketone)(g) at Standard Atmospheric Pressure ( p °) over the temperature range (373.2 to 423.2) K. The measurements were analysed using pair potential parameters for nitrogen, assuming suitable combining rules for the calculation of cross-terms, and, for diethyl ketone, finding parameters for the Stockmayer potential which fitted the excess enthalpy measurements. These parameters, which are e/ k =720 K, σ=0.375 nm, and t *=0.506, yielded values of the second virial coefficient B for diethyl ketone in satisfactory agreement with other work.

  • Benzene – diethyl ether association. The excess molar enthalpy of (cyclohexane + diethyl ether)(g) and (benzene + diethyl ether)(g) from temperatures 353.2 K to 423.2 K
    The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics, 1998
    Co-Authors: J. Bowles, C. Mathonat, C. J. Sowden, M. Lacey, Christopher J. Wormald
    Abstract:

    Abstract A flow-mixing calorimeter has been used to measure the excess molar enthalpyHmEof (cyclohexane+diethyl ether)(g) and (benzene+diethyl ether)(g) at Standard Atmospheric Pressure over the temperature range 353.2 K to 423.2 K. The non-ideality of the cyclohexane and benzene was fitted using the Kihara potential, and that of the diethyl ether using the Stockmayer potential. Cross-terms were calculated using the equation e12=(1−k12)(e11e22)1/2and to fit the measurements on (cyclohexane+diethyl ether)(g) the value (1−k12)=0.97 was needed. This value was used to calculateHmEfor (benzene+diethyl ether)(g), but the experimental values were found to be about 10 J·mol−1less positive. The difference between the calculated and experimental values was described in terms of a quasi-chemical model which, for the benzene–diethyl ether interaction, yielded a value of the equilibrium constantK12(298.15 K)=0.099 MPa−1, and an enthalpy of association ΔH12=−(9.5±3) kJ·mol−1. This value of ΔH12is attributed to dipole–quadrupole and quadrupolequadrupole forces which are stronger for the benzene–diethyl ether interaction than for the cyclohexane–diethyl ether interaction.