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R Valdez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relation of birth weight to lean and fat thigh tissue in young men
International Journal of Obesity, 2000Co-Authors: Hs Kahn, Kmv Narayan, Df Williamson, R ValdezAbstract:BACKGROUND: Birth weight is positively associated with body mass index (BMI, kg/m^2) in later life, but is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. To understand this paradox, we examined the relationships between birth weight, adult BMI, and estimations of lean and fat tissue in young men. METHODS: From 192 applicants for military service (ages 17–22 y, mean BMI 23.2 kg/m^2) with known birth weights we measured the circumference and anterior skinfold thickness at midthigh to estimate thigh muscle+bone area and subcutaneous fat area. Linear Regression models including birth weight as the independent variable were adjusted for race and adult height. RESULTS: BMI was linearly associated with birth weight (Standardized Regression Coefficient, [SRC]=+0.27; P =0.0004), as was the thigh muscle+bone area (SRC=+0.22; P =0.0029), but not the thigh subcutaneous fat area (SRC=+0.13; P =0.086). The BMI–birth weight association was reduced by 68% when the Regression model was further adjusted for thigh muscle+bone area. Separate adjustment for thigh subcutaneous fat, however, reduced the BMI–birth weight association by only 30%. Waist circumference was also associated with birth weight (SRC=+0.24; P =0.0014), sagittal abdominal diameter was weakly associated (SRC=+0.17; P =0.028), but waist/thigh ratio and abdominal diameter index were not associated with birth weight. INTERPRETATION: The larger BMI associated with higher birth weight may reflect increments in lean tissue more than increments in fat. Birth weight's influence on lean tissue is observed in the thigh and, among fit young men, perhaps at the waist. Increased muscularity in young men may partly explain the cardiovascular benefit in middle age ascribed to higher birth weight.
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relation of birth weight to lean and fat thigh tissue in young men
International Journal of Obesity, 2000Co-Authors: Kmv Narayan, Henry S Kahn, David F Williamson, R ValdezAbstract:BACKGROUND: Birth weight is positively associated with body mass index (BMI, kg=m 2 ) in later life, but is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. To understand this paradox, we examined the relationships between birth weight, adult BMI, and estimations of lean and fat tissue in young men. METHODS: From 192 applicants for military service (ages 17 ‐ 22 y, mean BMI 23.2 kg=m 2 ) with known birth weights we measured the circumference and anterior skinfold thickness at midthigh to estimate thigh musclea bone area and subcutaneous fat area. Linear Regression models including birth weight as the independent variable were adjusted for race and adult height. RESULTS: BMI was linearly associated with birth weight (Standardized Regression Coefficient, [SRC]aa0.27; Pa 0.0004), as was the thigh musclea bone area (SRCaa0.22; Pa 0.0029), but not the thigh subcutaneous fat area (SRCaa0.13; Pa 0.086). The BMI ‐ birth weight association was reduced by 68% when the Regression model was further adjusted for thigh musclea bone area. Separate adjustment for thigh subcutaneous fat, however, reduced the BMI ‐ birth weight association by only 30%. Waist circumference was also associated with birth weight (SRCaa0.24; Pa 0.0014), sagittal abdominal diameter was weakly associated (SRCaa0.17; Pa 0.028), but waist=thigh ratio and abdominal diameter index were not associated with birth weight. INTERPRETATION: The larger BMI associated with higher birth weight may reflect increments in lean tissue more than increments in fat. Birth weight’s influence on lean tissue is observed in the thigh and, among fit young men, perhaps at the waist. Increased muscularity in young men may partly explain the cardiovascular benefit in middle age ascribed to higher birth weight. InternationalJournal of Obesity (2000) 24, 667‐672
Henry S Kahn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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relation of birth weight to lean and fat thigh tissue in young men
International Journal of Obesity, 2000Co-Authors: Kmv Narayan, Henry S Kahn, David F Williamson, R ValdezAbstract:BACKGROUND: Birth weight is positively associated with body mass index (BMI, kg=m 2 ) in later life, but is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. To understand this paradox, we examined the relationships between birth weight, adult BMI, and estimations of lean and fat tissue in young men. METHODS: From 192 applicants for military service (ages 17 ‐ 22 y, mean BMI 23.2 kg=m 2 ) with known birth weights we measured the circumference and anterior skinfold thickness at midthigh to estimate thigh musclea bone area and subcutaneous fat area. Linear Regression models including birth weight as the independent variable were adjusted for race and adult height. RESULTS: BMI was linearly associated with birth weight (Standardized Regression Coefficient, [SRC]aa0.27; Pa 0.0004), as was the thigh musclea bone area (SRCaa0.22; Pa 0.0029), but not the thigh subcutaneous fat area (SRCaa0.13; Pa 0.086). The BMI ‐ birth weight association was reduced by 68% when the Regression model was further adjusted for thigh musclea bone area. Separate adjustment for thigh subcutaneous fat, however, reduced the BMI ‐ birth weight association by only 30%. Waist circumference was also associated with birth weight (SRCaa0.24; Pa 0.0014), sagittal abdominal diameter was weakly associated (SRCaa0.17; Pa 0.028), but waist=thigh ratio and abdominal diameter index were not associated with birth weight. INTERPRETATION: The larger BMI associated with higher birth weight may reflect increments in lean tissue more than increments in fat. Birth weight’s influence on lean tissue is observed in the thigh and, among fit young men, perhaps at the waist. Increased muscularity in young men may partly explain the cardiovascular benefit in middle age ascribed to higher birth weight. InternationalJournal of Obesity (2000) 24, 667‐672
Kmv Narayan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relation of birth weight to lean and fat thigh tissue in young men
International Journal of Obesity, 2000Co-Authors: Hs Kahn, Kmv Narayan, Df Williamson, R ValdezAbstract:BACKGROUND: Birth weight is positively associated with body mass index (BMI, kg/m^2) in later life, but is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. To understand this paradox, we examined the relationships between birth weight, adult BMI, and estimations of lean and fat tissue in young men. METHODS: From 192 applicants for military service (ages 17–22 y, mean BMI 23.2 kg/m^2) with known birth weights we measured the circumference and anterior skinfold thickness at midthigh to estimate thigh muscle+bone area and subcutaneous fat area. Linear Regression models including birth weight as the independent variable were adjusted for race and adult height. RESULTS: BMI was linearly associated with birth weight (Standardized Regression Coefficient, [SRC]=+0.27; P =0.0004), as was the thigh muscle+bone area (SRC=+0.22; P =0.0029), but not the thigh subcutaneous fat area (SRC=+0.13; P =0.086). The BMI–birth weight association was reduced by 68% when the Regression model was further adjusted for thigh muscle+bone area. Separate adjustment for thigh subcutaneous fat, however, reduced the BMI–birth weight association by only 30%. Waist circumference was also associated with birth weight (SRC=+0.24; P =0.0014), sagittal abdominal diameter was weakly associated (SRC=+0.17; P =0.028), but waist/thigh ratio and abdominal diameter index were not associated with birth weight. INTERPRETATION: The larger BMI associated with higher birth weight may reflect increments in lean tissue more than increments in fat. Birth weight's influence on lean tissue is observed in the thigh and, among fit young men, perhaps at the waist. Increased muscularity in young men may partly explain the cardiovascular benefit in middle age ascribed to higher birth weight.
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relation of birth weight to lean and fat thigh tissue in young men
International Journal of Obesity, 2000Co-Authors: Kmv Narayan, Henry S Kahn, David F Williamson, R ValdezAbstract:BACKGROUND: Birth weight is positively associated with body mass index (BMI, kg=m 2 ) in later life, but is inversely associated with cardiovascular risk. To understand this paradox, we examined the relationships between birth weight, adult BMI, and estimations of lean and fat tissue in young men. METHODS: From 192 applicants for military service (ages 17 ‐ 22 y, mean BMI 23.2 kg=m 2 ) with known birth weights we measured the circumference and anterior skinfold thickness at midthigh to estimate thigh musclea bone area and subcutaneous fat area. Linear Regression models including birth weight as the independent variable were adjusted for race and adult height. RESULTS: BMI was linearly associated with birth weight (Standardized Regression Coefficient, [SRC]aa0.27; Pa 0.0004), as was the thigh musclea bone area (SRCaa0.22; Pa 0.0029), but not the thigh subcutaneous fat area (SRCaa0.13; Pa 0.086). The BMI ‐ birth weight association was reduced by 68% when the Regression model was further adjusted for thigh musclea bone area. Separate adjustment for thigh subcutaneous fat, however, reduced the BMI ‐ birth weight association by only 30%. Waist circumference was also associated with birth weight (SRCaa0.24; Pa 0.0014), sagittal abdominal diameter was weakly associated (SRCaa0.17; Pa 0.028), but waist=thigh ratio and abdominal diameter index were not associated with birth weight. INTERPRETATION: The larger BMI associated with higher birth weight may reflect increments in lean tissue more than increments in fat. Birth weight’s influence on lean tissue is observed in the thigh and, among fit young men, perhaps at the waist. Increased muscularity in young men may partly explain the cardiovascular benefit in middle age ascribed to higher birth weight. InternationalJournal of Obesity (2000) 24, 667‐672
Nikolaos Tentolouris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Pulse pressure amplification and cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Journal of Human Hypertension, 2018Co-Authors: Ioanna Eleftheriadou, George C. Drosos, Anastasios Tentolouris, Giorgios Konstantonis, Petros P. Sfikakis, Athanasios D. Protogerou, Nikolaos TentolourisAbstract:The main aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between pulse pressure amplification (PPA) and cardiac autonomic activity (baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and heart rate variability (HRV)) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, we examined the association between cardiac autonomic activity and central hemodynamic parameters that may affect PPA such as augmentation index (AIx), aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity (PWV)), and common carotid artery stiffness distensibility Coefficient (DC). A total of 142 patients with T2DM were included in the study. In multivariate linear Regression analysis—after controlling for age, diabetes duration, height, waist circumference, aortic PWV, use of β-blockers, and BRS—PPA was associated significantly and independently with male gender (Standardized Regression Coefficient ( β ) = 0.156, p = 0.007), aortic systolic blood pressure ( β = −0.221, p
Philip Chowienczyk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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increased wave reflection rather than central arterial stiffness is the main determinant of raised pulse pressure in women and relates to mismatch in arterial dimensions a twin study
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2009Co-Authors: Marina Cecelja, Benyu Jiang, K Mcneill, Bernet Kato, James M Ritter, Tim D Spector, Philip ChowienczykAbstract:Objectives Our aim was to examine the relative contributions of the first systolic shoulder (P1) and augmentation pressure (ΔPaug) to central pulse pressure (cPP), their relation to central arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and arterial diameters, and their respective heritability estimates. Background cPP is augmented above P1 by ΔPaugdue to pressure waves reflected from the periphery of the circulation. Methods Women (n = 496) from the Twins UK adult twin registry (112 monozygotic, 135 dizygotic pairs) age 21 to 81 years were studied. cPP, P1, and ΔPaugwere estimated using the SphygmoCor system (Atcor, West Ryde, Australia) from transformed radial waveforms. Carotid-femoral PWV was measured using the same system. Aortic and femoral artery diameters were measured by ultrasonography. Heritability was estimated using structural equation modeling. Results P1 and ΔPaugaccounted for 22% and 76%, respectively, of the variance in cPP. After adjustment for mean arterial pressure and heart rate, P1 strongly independently positively correlated with PWV (Standardized Regression Coefficient, β = 0.4, p Conclusions These results suggest that, in women, ΔPaugis highly heritable, is associated with the ratio of distal to proximal arterial diameters, and, independent of PWV, is a major determinant of cPP.
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increased wave reflection rather than central arterial stiffness is the main determinant of raised pulse pressure in women and relates to mismatch in arterial dimensions a twin study
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2009Co-Authors: Marina Cecelja, Benyu Jiang, K Mcneill, Bernet Kato, James M Ritter, Tim D Spector, Philip ChowienczykAbstract:Objectives Our aim was to examine the relative contributions of the first systolic shoulder (P1) and augmentation pressure (ΔP aug ) to central pulse pressure (cPP), their relation to central arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV]) and arterial diameters, and their respective heritability estimates. Background cPP is augmented above P1 by ΔP aug due to pressure waves reflected from the periphery of the circulation. Methods Women (n = 496) from the Twins UK adult twin registry (112 monozygotic, 135 dizygotic pairs) age 21 to 81 years were studied. cPP, P1, and ΔP aug were estimated using the SphygmoCor system (Atcor, West Ryde, Australia) from transformed radial waveforms. Carotid-femoral PWV was measured using the same system. Aortic and femoral artery diameters were measured by ultrasonography. Heritability was estimated using structural equation modeling. Results P1 and ΔP aug accounted for 22% and 76%, respectively, of the variance in cPP. After adjustment for mean arterial pressure and heart rate, P1 strongly independently positively correlated with PWV (Standardized Regression Coefficient, β = 0.4, p aug did not independently correlate with PWV but independently negatively correlated with the ratio of the diameter of the femoral to that of the abdominal aorta (β = −0.12, p 2 ) of cPP, PWV, P1, and ΔP aug were 0.43, 0.34, 0.31, and 0.62, respectively, after adjustment for mean arterial pressure and heart rate. Conclusions These results suggest that, in women, ΔP aug is highly heritable, is associated with the ratio of distal to proximal arterial diameters, and, independent of PWV, is a major determinant of cPP.
