The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jean-christophe Leroux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Steam Sterilization on thermogelling chitosan-based gels
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2001Co-Authors: Claire Jarry, Christophe Chaput, Marie Alexandrine Renaud, Michael Buschmann, Abdellatif Chenite, Jean-christophe LerouxAbstract:A new thermogelling chitosan-glycerophosphate system has been recently proposed for biomedical applications such as drug and cell delivery. The objectives of this work were to characterize the effect of Steam Sterilization on the in vitro and in vivo end performances of the gel and to develop a filtration-based method to assess its sterility. Autoclaving 2% (w/v) chitosan solutions for as short as 10 min resulted in a 30% decrease in molecular weight, 3-5-fold decrease in dynamic viscosity, and substantial loss of mechanical properties of the resulting gel. However, Sterilization did not impair the ability of the system to form a gel at 37 degrees C. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan against several microorganisms was evaluated after inoculation of chitosan solutions and removal of the cells by filtration. It was found that, although chitosan was bacteriostatic against the heat Sterilization bioindicator Bacillus stearothermophilus, the bacteria could rapidly grow after separation from the chitosan solution by filtration. This indicated that B. stearothermophilus is an adequate strain to validate a heat Sterilization method on chitosan preparations, and accordingly this strain was used to assess the sterility of chitosan solution following a 10 min autoclaving time.
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effects of Steam Sterilization on thermogelling chitosan based gels
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, 2001Co-Authors: Claire Jarry, Christophe Chaput, Marie Alexandrine Renaud, Michael Buschmann, Abdellatif Chenite, Jean-christophe LerouxAbstract:A new thermogelling chitosan-glycerophosphate system has been recently proposed for biomedical applications such as drug and cell delivery. The objectives of this work were to characterize the effect of Steam Sterilization on the in vitro and in vivo end performances of the gel and to develop a filtration-based method to assess its sterility. Autoclaving 2% (w/v) chitosan solutions for as short as 10 min resulted in a 30% decrease in molecular weight, 3–5-fold decrease in dynamic viscosity, and substantial loss of mechanical properties of the resulting gel. However, Sterilization did not impair the ability of the system to form a gel at 37°C. The antimicrobial activity of chitosan against several microorganisms was evaluated after inoculation of chitosan solutions and removal of the cells by filtration. It was found that, although chitosan was bacteriostatic against the heat Sterilization bioindicator Bacillus stearothermophilus, the bacteria could rapidly grow after separation from the chitosan solution by filtration. This indicated that B. stearothermophilus is an adequate strain to validate a heat Sterilization method on chitosan preparations, and accordingly this strain was used to assess the sterility of chitosan solution following a 10 min autoclaving time. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 127–135, 2001
Emmanuel Comoy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cleaning disinfection and Sterilization of surface prion contamination
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2013Co-Authors: Gerald E Mcdonnell, P. A. Burke, Capucine Dehen, A Perrin, Jean-philippe Deslys, V Thomas, A Igelegalon, Emmanuel ComoyAbstract:Summary Background Prion contamination is a risk during device reprocessing, being difficult to remove and inactivate. Little is known of the combined effects of cleaning, disinfection and Sterilization during a typical reprocessing cycle in clinical practice. Aim To investigate the combination of cleaning, disinfection and/or Sterilization on reducing the risk of surface prion contamination. Methods In vivo test methods were used to study the impact of cleaning alone and cleaning combined with thermal disinfection and high- or low-temperature Sterilization processes. A standardized test method, based on contamination of stainless steel wires with high titres of scrapie-infected brain homogenates, was used to determine infectivity reduction. Findings Traditional chemical methods of surface decontamination against prions were confirmed to be effective, but extended Steam Sterilization was more variable. Steam Sterilization alone reduced the risk of prion contamination under normal or extended exposure conditions, but did show significant variation. Thermal disinfection had no impact in these studies. Cleaning with certain defined formulations in combination with Steam Sterilization can be an effective prion decontamination process, in particular with alkaline formulations. Low-temperature, gaseous hydrogen peroxide Sterilization was also confirmed to reduce infectivity in the presence and absence of cleaning. Conclusion Prion decontamination is affected by the full reprocessing cycle used on contaminated surfaces. The correct use of defined cleaning, disinfection and Sterilization methods as tested in this report in the scrapie infectivity assay can provide a standard precaution against prion contamination.
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Cleaning, disinfection and Sterilization of surface prion contamination
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2013Co-Authors: Gerald Mcdonnell, A. Igel-egalon, P. A. Burke, Capucine Dehen, A Perrin, Jean-philippe Deslys, V Thomas, Emmanuel ComoyAbstract:Background: Prion contamination is a risk during device reprocessing, being difficult to remove and inactivate. Little is known of the combined effects of cleaning, disinfection and Sterilization during a typical reprocessing cycle in clinical practice. Aim: To investigate the combination of cleaning, disinfection and/or Sterilization on reducing the risk of surface prion contamination. Methods: Invivo test methods were used to study the impact of cleaning alone and cleaning combined with thermal disinfection and high- or low-temperature Sterilization processes. A standardized test method, based on contamination of stainless steel wires with high titres of scrapie-infected brain homogenates, was used to determine infectivity reduction. Findings: Traditional chemical methods of surface decontamination against prions were confirmed to be effective, but extended Steam Sterilization was more variable. Steam Sterilization alone reduced the risk of prion contamination under normal or extended exposure conditions, but did show significant variation. Thermal disinfection had no impact in these studies. Cleaning with certain defined formulations in combination with Steam Sterilization can be an effective prion decontamination process, in particular with alkaline formulations. Low-temperature, gaseous hydrogen peroxide Sterilization was also confirmed to reduce infectivity in the presence and absence of cleaning. Conclusion: Prion decontamination is affected by the full reprocessing cycle used on contaminated surfaces. The correct use of defined cleaning, disinfection and Sterilization methods as tested in this report in the scrapie infectivity assay can provide a standard precaution against prion contamination. © 2013 The Healthcare Infection Society.
Joost Van Doornmalen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the relation between the load duration and Steam penetration capacity of a surface Steam Sterilization process a case study
Pda Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Joost Van Doornmalen, Ralph A C Van Wezel, K KopingaAbstract:Background: In practice it is claimed that the characteristics of a load influence a surface Steam Sterilization process. [Rev#2 Com#1] ‘Limited and mainly qualitative’ information on this topic has been found in the literature. Aim: To find if a load influences the duration and the related characteristics of a surface Steam Sterilization process. Method: In a case study 30 days of every load monitoring with an objective, quantifying Steam penetration test has been performed. This resulted in 98 production processes with load monitoring. The acquired data was analyzed. Findings: A relation is found between the weight of a load and the duration of a surface Steam Sterilization process. Conclusions: It is demonstrated in this case study that the heavier a sterilizer load the longer the process will take. Additionally, it is concluded that when the duration of a process is longer, diffusion will have more effect and Steam penetration increases.
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review of surface Steam Sterilization for validation purposes
American Journal of Infection Control, 2008Co-Authors: Joost Van Doornmalen, Klaas KopingaAbstract:Sterilization is an essential step in the process of producing sterile medical devices. To guarantee sterility, the process of Sterilization must be validated. Because there is no direct way to measure sterility, the techniques applied to validate the Sterilization process are based on statistical principles. Steam Sterilization is the most frequently applied Sterilization method worldwide and can be validated either by indicators (chemical or biological) or physical measurements. The Steam Sterilization conditions are described in the literature. Starting from these conditions, criteria for the validation of Steam Sterilization are derived and can be described in terms of physical parameters. Physical validation of Steam Sterilization appears to be an adequate and efficient validation method that could be considered as an alternative for indicator validation. Moreover, physical validation can be used for effective troubleshooting in Steam sterilizing processes.
Klaas Kopinga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Steam Sterilization does not require saturated Steam
Journal of Hospital Infection, 2017Co-Authors: J.p.c.m. Van Doornmalen Gomez Hoyos, A. Paunovic, Klaas KopingaAbstract:The most commonly applied method to sterilize re-usable medical devices in hospitals is Steam Sterilization. The essential conditions for Steam Sterilization are derived from Sterilization in water. Microbiological experiments in aqueous solutions have been used to calculate various time–temperature combinations to kill viable micro-organisms [1]. In principle, similar conditions can be realized by the presence of condensate of Steam. The Medical Research Council (MRC) adapted the time–temperature combinations of Perkins [1] for Steam Sterilization, but added ‘a further (safety) period’ [2] to allow for ‘deviations in Steam quality’.
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Monitoring of Steam Sterilization processes in the dental office
2013Co-Authors: J.p.c.m. Van Doornmalen, A.g.m. Rietmeijer, Albert J. Feilzer, Klaas KopingaAbstract:In dental offices Steam Sterilization is used to prevent infection of staff and patient. The necessity of Sterilization is obvious. To ensure effective Sterilization processes each load has to be monitored. Based on literature and standards a state of the art concept of every load monitoring is described.
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review of surface Steam Sterilization for validation purposes
American Journal of Infection Control, 2008Co-Authors: Joost Van Doornmalen, Klaas KopingaAbstract:Sterilization is an essential step in the process of producing sterile medical devices. To guarantee sterility, the process of Sterilization must be validated. Because there is no direct way to measure sterility, the techniques applied to validate the Sterilization process are based on statistical principles. Steam Sterilization is the most frequently applied Sterilization method worldwide and can be validated either by indicators (chemical or biological) or physical measurements. The Steam Sterilization conditions are described in the literature. Starting from these conditions, criteria for the validation of Steam Sterilization are derived and can be described in terms of physical parameters. Physical validation of Steam Sterilization appears to be an adequate and efficient validation method that could be considered as an alternative for indicator validation. Moreover, physical validation can be used for effective troubleshooting in Steam sterilizing processes.
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Review of surface Steam Sterilization for validation purposes
American Journal of Infection Control, 2008Co-Authors: Joost Van Doornmalen, Klaas KopingaAbstract:Sterilization is an essential step in the process of producing sterile medical devices. To guarantee sterility, the process of Sterilization must be validated. Because there is no direct way to measure sterility, the techniques applied to validate the Sterilization process are based on statistical principles. Steam Sterilization is the most frequently applied Sterilization method worldwide and can be validated either by indicators (chemical or biological) or physical measurements. The Steam Sterilization conditions are described in the literature. Starting from these conditions, criteria for the validation of Steam Sterilization are derived and can be described in terms of physical parameters. Physical validation of Steam Sterilization appears to be an adequate and efficient validation method that could be considered as an alternative for indicator validation. Moreover, physical validation can be used for effective troubleshooting in Steam sterilizing processes. © 2008 Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc.
G Daculsi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chemical transformation of some biologically relevant calcium phosphates in aqueous media during a Steam Sterilization
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Sv Dorozhkin, M Schmitt, Jm Bouler, G DaculsiAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Steam Sterilization on some biologically relevant calcium phosphates: CaHPO_4· 2H_2O (DCPD), calcium deficient apatite (CDA) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). Suspensions of 0.2 g of each calcium phosphate compound with 5.0 ml of deionized water were prepared and Steam sterilized in an autoclave (20 min at 121 °C). After Sterilization the suspensions were filtered and the dried solids characterized with scanning electron microscopy, IR-spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The pH and calcium concentrations of the filtrates were determined with ion selective electrodes. Similar measurements were made with the same samples which were not sterilized. The Sterilization procedure was found to result in the dehydration of DCPD and hydration of calcium oxide incorporated into the BCP. Solution pH was observed to change from 7.3 to 5.5 for the solutions in equilibrium with DCPD and from 8.5 to 10.6 for those in equilibrium with BCP. Minor changes both with the solid and liquid phases were found to occur during the Steam Sterilization of CDA. These results indicate that Steam Sterilization may have different effects on different calcium phosphate suspensions: it can result in dehydration of DCPD, fast hydration for CaO in BCP, but no significant effect on CDA.
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Chemical transformation of some biologically relevant calcium phosphates in aqueous media during a Steam Sterilization
Journal of Materials Science-Materials in Medicine, 2000Co-Authors: Sv Dorozhkin, M Schmitt, Jm Bouler, G DaculsiAbstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Steam Sterilization on some biologically relevant calcium phosphates: CaHPO4. 2H(2)O (DCPD), calcium deficient apatite (CDA) and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP). Suspensions of 0.2 g of each calcium phosphate compound with 5.0 ml of deionized water were prepared and Steam sterilized in an autoclave (20 min at 121 degreesC). After Sterilization the suspensions were filtered and the dried solids characterized with scanning electron microscopy, IR-spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The pH and calcium concentrations of the filtrates were determined with ion selective electrodes. Similar measurements were made with the same samples which were not sterilized. The Sterilization procedure was found to result in the dehydration of DCPD and hydration of calcium oxide incorporated into the BCP. Solution pH was observed to change from 7.3 to 5.5 for the solutions in equilibrium with DCPD and from 8.5 to 10.6 for those in equilibrium with BCP. Minor changes both with the solid and liquid phases were found to occur during the Steam Sterilization of CDA. These results indicate that Steam Sterilization may have different effects on different calcium phosphate suspensions: it can result in dehydration of DCPD, fast hydration for CaO in BCP, but no significant effect on CDA. (C) 2000 Kluwer Academic Publishers.