Stem Rot

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T B Brenneman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mapping quantitative trait loci qtls and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut arachis hypogaea
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry L Tillman, Nicholas S Dufault, T B Brenneman
    Abstract:

    A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Stem Rot in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% (qSR.A01-2, qSR.A01-5, qSR.A05/B05-1, qSR.A05/B05-2, qSR.A07/B07-1 and qSR.B05-1) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01-2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1-1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

  • effect of the new pyrazole carboxamide fungicide penthiopyrad on late leaf spot and Stem Rot of peanut
    Pest Management Science, 2009
    Co-Authors: A K Culbreath, T B Brenneman, Robert C Kemerait, Glenn G Hammes
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: Management of early leaf spot (Cercospora arachidicola Hori.), late leaf spot [Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & MA Curtis) Deighton] and Stem Rot (ScleRotium rolfsii Sacc.) of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) in the southeastern USA is heavily dependent upon sterol biosynthesis inhibitor (SBI) and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides. Effective new fungicides with different modes of action could improve overall disease control and extend the utility of the current fungicides. Penthiopryad is a pyrazole carboxamide fungicide being evaluated for use on peanut. Field experiments were conducted from 2004 to 2007 to determine the effect of a range of rates (0–0.36 kg AI ha−1) of penthiopyrad on leaf spot and Stem Rot and the relative efficacy of penthiopyrad and current fungicide standards chloRothalonil, tebuconazole and azoxystrobin. RESULTS: Leaf spot control in plots treated with penthiopyrad at 0.20 kg AI ha−1 or higher was similar to or better than that for the chloRothalonil standard. The incidence of Stem Rot for all penthiopyrad treatments was usually less than that for the tebuconazole or azoxystrobin standard treatments. Pod yields for all penthiopyrad treatments were similar to or higher than those for the respective standards. CONCLUSION: Penthiopyrad has excellent potential for management of late leaf spot and Stem Rot of peanut, and may complement current SBI and QoI fungicides. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry

  • Field Evaluations of Peanut Germplasm for Resistance to Stem Rot Caused by ScleRotium rolfsii1
    Peanut Science, 2004
    Co-Authors: Daniel W. Gorbet, T. A. Kucharek, F. M. Shokes, T B Brenneman
    Abstract:

    Abstract Southern Stem Rot, caused by the soilborne fungus ScleRotium rolfsii, is a major disease of peanut (A. hypogaea) in the U.S. Advanced lines from the Univ. of Florida peanut breeding program were evaluated in field tests at the Marianna North Florida Res. and Educ. Center for resistance to Stem Rot. Breeding lines and cultivars were evaluated in irrigated field studies in 1999 to 2001. Plants were inoculated at 55 to 65 d after planting with aggressive isolates of S. rolfsii that were grown on grain-based (oats, corn) medium in the laboratory. Entries planted in three tests were grouped based on maturity (early, medium, late). Additional split-plot field tests were conducted to compare inoculated vs. uninoculated plants of selected lines. Late-maturing entries consistently showed the highest levels of resistance to Stem Rot and greatest pod yields. In general, early and medium entries had similar yields, but some medium-maturing entries had greater pod yields and better disease resistance than any...

Yu-chien Tseng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ziliang Luo, Renjie Cui, Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Ye Chu, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry Tillman
    Abstract:

    Key message A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Abstract Stem Rot in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% ( qSR.A01 - 2 , qSR.A01 - 5 , qSR.A05/B05 - 1 , qSR.A05/B05 - 2 , qSR.A07/B07 - 1 and qSR.B05 - 1 ) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01 - 2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1 - 1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

  • mapping quantitative trait loci qtls and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut arachis hypogaea
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry L Tillman, Nicholas S Dufault, T B Brenneman
    Abstract:

    A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Stem Rot in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% (qSR.A01-2, qSR.A01-5, qSR.A05/B05-1, qSR.A05/B05-2, qSR.A07/B07-1 and qSR.B05-1) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01-2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1-1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

Carolina Chavarro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ziliang Luo, Renjie Cui, Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Ye Chu, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry Tillman
    Abstract:

    Key message A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Abstract Stem Rot in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% ( qSR.A01 - 2 , qSR.A01 - 5 , qSR.A05/B05 - 1 , qSR.A05/B05 - 2 , qSR.A07/B07 - 1 and qSR.B05 - 1 ) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01 - 2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1 - 1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

  • mapping quantitative trait loci qtls and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut arachis hypogaea
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry L Tillman, Nicholas S Dufault, T B Brenneman
    Abstract:

    A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Stem Rot in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% (qSR.A01-2, qSR.A01-5, qSR.A05/B05-1, qSR.A05/B05-2, qSR.A07/B07-1 and qSR.B05-1) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01-2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1-1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

Barry Tillman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and estimating the epistasis controlling Stem Rot resistance in cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea)
    Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ziliang Luo, Renjie Cui, Carolina Chavarro, Yu-chien Tseng, Hai Zhou, Ze Peng, Ye Chu, Xiping Yang, Yolanda Lopez, Barry Tillman
    Abstract:

    Key message A total of 33 additive Stem Rot QTLs were identified in peanut genome with nine of them consistently detected in multiple years or locations. And 12 pairs of epistatic QTLs were firstly reported for peanut Stem Rot disease. Abstract Stem Rot in peanut ( Arachis hypogaea ) is caused by the ScleRotium rolfsii and can result in great economic loss during production. In this study, a recombinant inbred line population from the cross between NC 3033 (Stem Rot resistant) and Tifrunner (Stem Rot susceptible) that consists of 156 lines was genotyped by using 58 K peanut single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array and phenotyped for Stem Rot resistance at multiple locations and in multiple years. A linkage map consisting of 1451 SNPs and 73 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was constructed. A total of 33 additive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for Stem Rot resistance were detected, and six of them with phenotypic variance explained of over 10% ( qSR.A01 - 2 , qSR.A01 - 5 , qSR.A05/B05 - 1 , qSR.A05/B05 - 2 , qSR.A07/B07 - 1 and qSR.B05 - 1 ) can be consistently detected in multiple years or locations. Besides, 12 pairs of QTLs with epistatic (additive × additive) interaction were identified. An additive QTL qSR.A01 - 2 also with an epistatic effect interacted with a novel locus qSR.B07_1 - 1 to affect the percentage of asymptomatic plants in a row. A total of 193 candidate genes within 38 Stem Rot QTLs intervals were annotated with functions of biotic stress resistance such as chitinase, ethylene-responsive transcription factors and pathogenesis-related pRoteins. The identified Stem Rot resistance QTLs, candidate genes, along with the associated SNP markers in this study, will benefit peanut molecular breeding programs for improving Stem Rot resistance.

P S Ashton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • evaluation of Stem Rot in 339 bornean tree species implications of size taxonomy and soil related variation for aboveground biomass estimates
    Biogeosciences, 2015
    Co-Authors: Katherine D Heineman, Sabrina E Russo, I C Baillie, J D Mamit, P P K Chai, L Chai, E W Hindley, P S Ashton
    Abstract:

    Abstract. Fungal decay of heart wood creates hollows and areas of reduced wood density within the Stems of living trees known as Stem Rot. Although Stem Rot is acknowledged as a source of error in forest aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates, there are few data sets available to evaluate the controls over Stem Rot infection and severity in tropical forests. Using legacy and recent data from 3180 drilled, felled, and cored Stems in mixed dipterocarp forests in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, we quantified the frequency and severity of Stem Rot in a total of 339 tree species, and related variation in Stem Rot with tree size, wood density, taxonomy, and species' soil association, as well as edaphic conditions. Predicted Stem Rot frequency for a 50 cm tree was 53 % of felled, 39 % of drilled, and 28 % of cored Stems, demonstrating differences among methods in Rot detection ability. The percent Stem volume infected by Rot, or Stem Rot severity, ranged widely among trees with Stem Rot infection (0.1–82.8 %) and averaged 9 % across all trees felled. Tree taxonomy explained the greatest proportion of variance in both Stem Rot frequency and severity among the predictors evaluated in our models. Stem Rot frequency, but not severity, increased sharply with tree diameter, ranging from 13 % in trees 10–30 cm DBH to 54 % in Stems ≥ 50 cm DBH across all data sets. The frequency of Stem Rot increased significantly in soils with low pH and cation concentrations in topsoil, and Stem Rot was more common in tree species associated with dystrophic sandy soils than with nutrient-rich clays. When scaled to forest stands, the maximum percent of Stem biomass lost to Stem Rot varied significantly with soil properties, and we estimate that Stem Rot reduces total forest AGB estimates by up to 7 % relative to what would be predicted assuming all Stems are composed strictly of intact wood. This study demonstrates not only that Stem Rot is likely to be a significant source of error in forest AGB estimation, but also that it strongly covaries with tree size, taxonomy, habitat association, and soil resources, underscoring the need to account for tree community composition and edaphic variation in estimating carbon storage in tropical forests.