Step Function

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Haitao Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • approximating points by a piecewise linear Function i
    International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Danny Z Chen, Haitao Wang
    Abstract:

    We study the problem of approximating a set of weighted planar points by a Step Function, and the problems of approximating non-weighted and weighted planar points by a (more general) piecewise linear Function. We either improve the previously best-known results or give the first-known results for these problems. Our algorithms are based on interesting and nontrivial geometric techniques and data structures, which may find other applications. Further, we present the first-known results for the 3-D versions of the Step Function approximation problem.

  • approximating points by a piecewise linear Function ii dealing with outliers
    International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Danny Z Chen, Haitao Wang
    Abstract:

    In this paper, we study the violation versions of the planar points approximation problems, which deal with outliers in the input points. We present efficient algorithms for both the Step Function and the more general piecewise linear Function cases, and for both non-weighted and weighted points. Most of our results are first-known. Our algorithms are based on interesting and nontrivial geometric techniques and data structures, which may find other applications.

Daniel Ralph - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • supply Function equilibria Step Functions and continuous representations
    Journal of Economic Theory, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pär Holmberg, David M Newbery, Daniel Ralph
    Abstract:

    In most wholesale electricity markets generators must submit Step-Function offers of supply to a uniform price auction, and the market is cleared at the price of the most expensive offer needed to meet realised demand. Such markets can most elegantly be modelled as the pure-strategy, Nash Equilibrium of continuous supply Functions, in which each supplier has a unique profit maximising choice of supply Function given the choices of other suppliers. Critics argue that the discreteness and discontinuity of the required Steps can rule out pure-strategy equilibria and may result in price instability. This paper argues that if prices must be selected from a finite set the resulting Step Function converges to the continuous supply Function as the number of Steps increases, reconciling the apparently very disparate approaches to modelling electricity markets.

  • supply Function equilibria Step Functions and continuous representations
    Journal of Economic Theory, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pär Holmberg, David M Newbery, Daniel Ralph
    Abstract:

    In most wholesale electricity markets generators must submit Step-Function offers of supply to a uniform price auction, and the market is cleared at the price of the most expensive offer needed to meet realised demand. Such markets can most elegantly be modelled as the pure-strategy, Nash Equilibrium of continuous supply Functions, in which each supplier has a unique profit maximising choice of supply Function given the choices of other suppliers. Critics argue that the discreteness and discontinuity of the required Steps can rule out pure-strategy equilibria and may result in price instability. This paper argues that if prices must be selected from a finite set the resulting Step Function converges to the continuous supply Function as the number of Steps increases, reconciling the apparently very disparate approaches to modelling electricity markets.

Danny Z Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • approximating points by a piecewise linear Function i
    International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Danny Z Chen, Haitao Wang
    Abstract:

    We study the problem of approximating a set of weighted planar points by a Step Function, and the problems of approximating non-weighted and weighted planar points by a (more general) piecewise linear Function. We either improve the previously best-known results or give the first-known results for these problems. Our algorithms are based on interesting and nontrivial geometric techniques and data structures, which may find other applications. Further, we present the first-known results for the 3-D versions of the Step Function approximation problem.

  • approximating points by a piecewise linear Function ii dealing with outliers
    International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, 2009
    Co-Authors: Danny Z Chen, Haitao Wang
    Abstract:

    In this paper, we study the violation versions of the planar points approximation problems, which deal with outliers in the input points. We present efficient algorithms for both the Step Function and the more general piecewise linear Function cases, and for both non-weighted and weighted points. Most of our results are first-known. Our algorithms are based on interesting and nontrivial geometric techniques and data structures, which may find other applications.

Pär Holmberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • supply Function equilibria Step Functions and continuous representations
    Journal of Economic Theory, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pär Holmberg, David M Newbery, Daniel Ralph
    Abstract:

    In most wholesale electricity markets generators must submit Step-Function offers of supply to a uniform price auction, and the market is cleared at the price of the most expensive offer needed to meet realised demand. Such markets can most elegantly be modelled as the pure-strategy, Nash Equilibrium of continuous supply Functions, in which each supplier has a unique profit maximising choice of supply Function given the choices of other suppliers. Critics argue that the discreteness and discontinuity of the required Steps can rule out pure-strategy equilibria and may result in price instability. This paper argues that if prices must be selected from a finite set the resulting Step Function converges to the continuous supply Function as the number of Steps increases, reconciling the apparently very disparate approaches to modelling electricity markets.

  • supply Function equilibria Step Functions and continuous representations
    Journal of Economic Theory, 2013
    Co-Authors: Pär Holmberg, David M Newbery, Daniel Ralph
    Abstract:

    In most wholesale electricity markets generators must submit Step-Function offers of supply to a uniform price auction, and the market is cleared at the price of the most expensive offer needed to meet realised demand. Such markets can most elegantly be modelled as the pure-strategy, Nash Equilibrium of continuous supply Functions, in which each supplier has a unique profit maximising choice of supply Function given the choices of other suppliers. Critics argue that the discreteness and discontinuity of the required Steps can rule out pure-strategy equilibria and may result in price instability. This paper argues that if prices must be selected from a finite set the resulting Step Function converges to the continuous supply Function as the number of Steps increases, reconciling the apparently very disparate approaches to modelling electricity markets.

Xin Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an ultra sensitive Step Function opsin for minimally invasive optogenetic stimulation in mice and macaques
    Neuron, 2020
    Co-Authors: Xin Gong, Diego Mendozahalliday, Jonathan T Ting, Tobias Kaiser, X M Sun
    Abstract:

    Summary Optogenetics is among the most widely employed techniques to manipulate neuronal activity. However, a major drawback is the need for invasive implantation of optical fibers. To develop a minimally invasive optogenetic method that overcomes this challenge, we engineered a new Step-Function opsin with ultra-high light sensitivity (SOUL). We show that SOUL can activate neurons located in deep mouse brain regions via transcranial optical stimulation and elicit behavioral changes in SOUL knock-in mice. Moreover, SOUL can be used to modulate neuronal spiking and induce oscillations reversibly in macaque cortex via optical stimulation from outside the dura. By enabling external light delivery, our new opsin offers a minimally invasive tool for manipulating neuronal activity in rodent and primate models with fewer limitations on the depth and size of target brain regions and may further facilitate the development of minimally invasive optogenetic tools for the treatment of neurological disorders.