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Avelino José Bittencourt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus Heterorhabditis for the control of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)
2017Co-Authors: Luís Carlos De Souza Rodrigues Leal, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Caio Márcio De Oliveira Monteiro, Alessandra Ésther De Mendonça, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:Abstract The present study verified the pathogenic potential of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) of the genus Heterorhabditis (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, isolate HP88 and Heterorhabditis baujardi isolate LPP7) to immature stages of Stomoxys calcitrans in the laboratory. All EPN concentrations of the H. bacteriophora HP88 strain caused mean larval mortality greater than 90% after four days. Higher concentrations of the H. baujardi LPP7 isolate (≥50 EPNs/larva) eliminated more than 70% of larvae after six days with the concentration 200 EPNs/larva reaching mortality levels of 93.3%. The larval mortality at all concentrations of EPNs (25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 EPNs/larva) for both strains was significant (p
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Biologia de Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera:Muscidae) em subprodutos da indústria sucroalcooleira
2016Co-Authors: Camila De Oliveira Ferreira Mendes, Amanda Couto Silva, Luís Carlos De Souza Rodrigues Leal, Celso Guimarães Barbosa, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:ABSTRACT. Mendes C.deO.F., Silva A.C., Leal L.C.deS.R., Barbosa C.G & Bittencourt A.J. [Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera:Muscidae) biology in byproducts of sugar cane industry.] Biologia de Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera:Muscidae) em subprodutos da industria sucroalcoleira. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria, 38(supl. 3):23-30, 2016. Departamento de Medicina e Cirurgia Veterinaria, Instituto de Veterinaria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 7, Campus Seropedica, RJ 23.890-000, Brasil. E-mail: camilamendes1009@gmail.com Stomoxys calcitrans fly is one of the dipterans of importance for livestock farming due to the considerable economic losses it determines worldwide. An aspect that favors the occurrence of this insect's outbreaks in Brazil is the generation of large quantities of by-products from the alcohol industry, such as vinasse, sugarcane straw, bagasse, filtercake and ashes. The present study aimed to evaluate the possible interference of vinasse and ashes on the immature stages of S. calcitrans, by comparing the biological parameters observed with or without the presence of these substrates. In Experiment I, three groups of 50 eggs were deposited in a diet composed of one kilogram of chopped cane and 250mL, 500mL and 1L of vinasse (groups 1, 2 and 3). In the control groups, distilled water was added to the chopped cane in the same proportions used in the groups treated with vinasse. In Experiment II, three groups of 50 larvae from eight to 10 days of emergence were deposited on a diet composed of cane, vinasse and ashes. The ashes were used in the proportion of 1, 2 and 3% (groups 1, 2 and 3) of sugar cane (100g) and vinasse was used in the proportion of 100mL for all groups and their respective controls. The control group contained only sugarcane and vinasse. Both experiments were kept in a climatized chamber (27 ± 1°C and 70-80% RH), and three replications were performed. After Experiment I, it was verified that the emergence of flies started more rapidly in Group 3 (17.33 days). The viability in Experiment I was lower in all groups in which vinasse was added in sugarcane, ranging from 20.66-34%, when compared to its controls (26.66-34.66%). In Experiment II, the onset of emergence of the flies was at seven days in all groups, lasting between 12.33 and 14 days on average, being lower for the groups that contained ashes in the diet. The viability in Experiment II was high in all groups with ashes (above 74%) and in the control, which presented greater viability (87%). When evaluating the emergence of males and females in Experiment I and II, it was observed that in all treated and control groups more females than males occurred. The evaluation of the data in the Experiment I allows the conclusion that vinasse can cause an early onset of the emergence of adults, but this emergency has a short duration. In Experiment II, ashes did not influence the onset of adult emergence, where the treated groups began their emergence at the same time as their control, while reducing the emergency period. Vinasse and ashes can interfere negatively in the development of immature stages of S. calcitrans, causing lower viability values for this insect.
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Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitrans against Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates.
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2015Co-Authors: Ana Paula Rodrigues Moraes, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Cristiane Martins Cardoso De Salles, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:This study had the aims of evaluating the antimicrobial characteristics of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae against the fungal isolates CG138, CG228 and ESALQ986 of Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). S. calcitrans eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to these same isolates. Statistical analysis showed that the immature stages of S. calcitrans were not susceptible to the fungal isolates used, regardless of the exposure method. Diffusion test on solid culture medium reveled that macerated S. calcitrans larvae exposed to isolate CG138 reduced CG138 fungal development. The analysis of the chromatographic profiles indicated that the macerate or mucus of larvae of the control group and the groups exposed to the isolate CG138 presented different profiles. Reduced development of the isolate CG138 on the larvae cuticle was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy.
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Antifungal activity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Stomoxys calcitrans larvae.
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2014Co-Authors: Ana Paula Rodrigues Moraes, Sandy Sampaio Videira, Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro Bittencourt, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:The microbiota present in Stomoxys calcitrans larvae may assist their survival in contaminated environments through production of inhibitory substances. Bacteriological identification methods, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to detect a bacterium naturally present in mucus and macerated S. calcitrans larvae. The antifungal activity was determined based on the results from disk diffusion tests on an artificial solid medium. The bacterium was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and presented antifungal activity against Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates CG 138, CG 228 and ESALQ 986. This result suggests that the larval microbiota is a factor that can compromise the use of B. bassiana s.l. fungus for biological control of S. calcitrans larvae.
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Antifungal activity of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Stomoxys calcitrans larvae Atividade antifúngica de Stenotrophomonas maltophilia em larvas de Stomoxys calcitrans
2014Co-Authors: Ana Paula, Rodrigues Moraes, Sandy Sampaio Videira, Vânia Rita, Elias Pinheiro, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:The microbiota present in Stomoxys calcitrans larvae may assist their survival in contaminated environments through production of inhibitory substances. Bacteriological identification methods, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to detect a bacterium naturally present in mucus and macerated S. calcitrans larvae. The antifungal activity was determined based on the results from disk diffusion tests on an artificial solid medium. The bacterium was identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and presented antifungal activity against Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates CG 138, CG 228 and ESALQ 986. This result suggests that the larval microbiota is a factor that can compromise the use of B. bassiana s.l. fungus for biological control of S. calcitrans larvae.
Laetitia Lempereur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Mechanical transmission of African swine fever virus by Stomoxys calcitrans : Insights from a mechanistic model
Transboundary and emerging diseases, 2020Co-Authors: Timothée Vergne, Mathieu Andraud, Sarah Bonnet, Nick De Regge, Marc Desquesnes, Johanna Fite, Florence Etore, Mutien‐marie Garigliany, Ferran Jori, Laetitia LempereurAbstract:African swine fever (ASF) represents a global threat with huge economic consequences for the swine industry. Even though direct contact is likely to be the main transmission route from infected to susceptible hosts, recent epidemiological investigations have raised questions regarding the role of haematophagous arthropods, in particular the stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans). In this study, we developed a mechanistic vector-borne transmission model for ASF virus (ASFV) within an outdoor domestic pig farm in order to assess the relative contribution of stable flies to the spread of the virus. The model was fitted to the ecology of the vector, its blood-feeding behaviour and pig-to-pig transmission dynamic. Model outputs suggested that in a context of low abundance (
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Dispersal capacity of Haematopota spp. and Stomoxys calcitrans using a mark-release-recapture approach in Belgium.
Medical and veterinary entomology, 2018Co-Authors: Laetitia Lempereur, Charlotte Sohier, François Smeets, Françoise Maréchal, Dirk Berkvens, Maxime Madder, Frédéric Francis, Bertrand LossonAbstract:The dispersion potential of mechanical vectors is an important factor in the dissemination of pathogens. A mark-release-recapture experiment was implemented using two groups (unfed and partially fed) of the Tabanidae (Diptera) (Haematopota spp.) and biting Muscidae (Diptera) (Stomoxys calcitrans) most frequently collected in Belgium in order to evaluate their dispersion potential. In total, 2104 specimens of Haematopota spp. were collected directly from horses and 5396 S. calcitrans were collected in a cattle farm using hand-nets. Some of these insects were partially fed in vitro and all were subsequently coloured. Overall, 67 specimens of S. calcitrans (1.2%) and 17 of Haematopota spp. (0.8%) were recaptured directly on horses. Stomoxys calcitrans flew maximum distances of 150 m and 300 m when partially fed and unfed, respectively. Haematopota spp. travelled maximum distances of 100 m and 200 m when partially fed and unfed, respectively. Segregation measures seem essential in order to reduce the risk for pathogen transmission. A distance of 150 m appears to be the minimum required for segregation to avoid the risk for mechanical transmission, but in areas of higher vector density, this should probably be increased.
Bruno Gomes De Castro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) Ocorrência de Escherichia coli Shiga-Toxigênica em Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)
2013Co-Authors: Bruno Gomes De Castro, Miliane Moreira, Soares De Souza, Adriana Hamond Regua-mangia, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained, E. coli was identified in 19.5% of the stable flies. Shiga toxin genes were detected in 13% of the E. coli isolated, most frequently from the surface, followed by abdominal digestive tract and mouth apparatus of insects, respectively. This is the first study to detect presence of STEC in Stomoxys calcitrans in Brazil; it has also revealed the potential role of stable flies as carriers of pathogenic bacterial agents.
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Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2013Co-Authors: Bruno Gomes De Castro, Adriana Hamond Regua-mangia, Miliane Moreira Soares De Souza, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained, E. coli was identified in 19.5% of the stable flies. Shiga toxin genes were detected in 13% of the E. coli isolated, most frequently from the surface, followed by abdominal digestive tract and mouth apparatus of insects, respectively. This is the first study to detect presence of STEC in Stomoxys calcitrans in Brazil; it has also revealed the potential role of stable flies as carriers of pathogenic bacterial agents.
Miliane Moreira Soares De Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Occurrence of Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli in Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae)
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2013Co-Authors: Bruno Gomes De Castro, Adriana Hamond Regua-mangia, Miliane Moreira Soares De Souza, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:This study aimed to verify the occurrence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains in three distinct anatomic parts of the stable fly Stomoxys calcitrans by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR Multiplex). According to the results obtained, E. coli was identified in 19.5% of the stable flies. Shiga toxin genes were detected in 13% of the E. coli isolated, most frequently from the surface, followed by abdominal digestive tract and mouth apparatus of insects, respectively. This is the first study to detect presence of STEC in Stomoxys calcitrans in Brazil; it has also revealed the potential role of stable flies as carriers of pathogenic bacterial agents.
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Aerobic bacterial microbiota in Stomoxys calcitrans: preliminary studies in Brazil
Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia , 2007Co-Authors: Bruno G. De Castro, Miliane Moreira Soares De Souza, Avelino José BittencourtAbstract:The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, has a great importance in medical and veterinary health due to its feeding and reproductive habits, which can disseminate some pathogenic agents among hosts even at long distances. This study aimed to describe, for the first time in Brazil, the bacterial microbiota in segments of the stable fly. Bacterial species were isolated from three different segments (cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract) of the stable fly. Twenty dairy farms were visited in four municipalities: Barra Mansa, Quatis, Resende and Rio Claro in the State of Rio de Janeiro in order to collect 20 flies in each site. Dissection of the flies and procedures of isolation and identification of bacterial species were performed. A total of 161 colonies of 33 distinct species were isolated, such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and S. intermedius. Stomoxys calcitrans may harbor bacterial agents on their cuticle, mouth parts and abdominal alimentary tract and these bacteria may be pathogenic to their hosts.
K. Clercq - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Experimental evidence of mechanical lumpy skin disease virus transmission by Stomoxys calcitrans biting flies and Haematopota spp. horseflies
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: C. Sohier, A. Haegeman, L. Mostin, I. Leeuw, W. Van Campe, A. Vleeschauwer, E. S. M. Tuppurainen, T. Berg, N. Regge, K. ClercqAbstract:Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a devastating disease of cattle characterized by fever, nodules on the skin, lymphadenopathy and milk drop. Several haematophagous arthropod species like dipterans and ticks are suspected to play a role in the transmission of LSDV. Few conclusive data are however available on the importance of biting flies and horseflies as potential vectors in LSDV transmission. Therefore an in vivo transmission study was carried out to investigate possible LSDV transmission by Stomoxys calcitrans biting flies and Haematopota spp . horseflies from experimentally infected viraemic donor bulls to acceptor bulls. LSDV transmission by Stomoxys calcitrans was evidenced in 3 independent experiments, LSDV transmission by Haematopota spp . was shown in one experiment. Evidence of LSD was supported by induction of nodules and virus detection in the blood of acceptor animals. Our results are supportive for a mechanical transmission of the virus by these vectors.