The Experts below are selected from a list of 231042 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Pat Monaghan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental conditions shape the temporal pattern of investment in reproduction and survival
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Valeria Marasco, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Kate Griffiths, Pat MonaghanAbstract:The relationship between environmental Stress Exposure and ageing is likely to vary with Stressor severity, life-history stage and the time scale over which effects are measured. Such factors could influence whether Stress Exposure accelerates or slows the ageing process, but their interactions have not previously been experimentally investigated. We found that experimental Exposure of zebra finches to mildly challenging environmental circumstances from young to old adulthood, which increased Exposure to Stress hormones, reduced breeding performance during early adulthood, but had positive effects when individuals were bred in old adulthood. This difference was not due to selective mortality, because the effects were evident within individuals, and no evidence of habituation in the response to the Stressor was found. The more Stressful environment had no effects on survival during young or old adulthood, but substantially improved survival during middle age. Changes in the effects at different ages could be due to the duration and nature of the challenging Exposure, or to variation in coping capacity or strategy with age. These results show that living under challenging environmental circumstances can influence ageing trajectories in terms of both reproductive performance and longevity. Our results provide experimental support for the emerging idea that Stress Exposure needs to be optimized rather than minimized to obtain the best health outcomes.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a 'time bomb' that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a ‘time bomb’ that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
Katherine A Herborn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a 'time bomb' that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a ‘time bomb’ that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
J F Thayer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cardiac vagal tone in preschool children interrelations and the role of Stress Exposure
International Journal of Psychophysiology, 2020Co-Authors: Nadine Messerliburgy, Kerstin Stulb, Amar Arhab, Annina E Zysset, Claudia S Leegeraschmann, Einat A Schmutz, Tanja H Kakebeeke, Andrea H. Meyer, J F ThayerAbstract:Abstract Introduction Cardiac vagal tone has been understood as the biological correlate of emotion regulation and can be divided into emotion regulation (tonic cardiac vagal tone (TCVT)) and the flexibility to adapt to changing conditions (phasic cardiac vagal tone (PCVT)). There is evidence that TCVT influences PCVT dynamics in adults and that Stress Exposure impacts on cardiac vagal tone in adults and older children. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of TCVT on PCVT dynamics in preschoolers and to identify the influence of Stress Exposures on cardiac vagal tone. Method Measures of heart rate variability including baseline (TCVT), during an age-adapted Stress task (PCVT Stress reactivity) and during recovery (PCVT recovery) were assessed in 222 children aged 2–6 years of the SPLASHY study. Further, parents were asked to complete questionnaires on early Stress Exposure (including pregnancy, birth and early life) and current Stress Exposure (including family Stress and parenting). Results Preschool children with high TCVT showed less PCVT reactivity (p Discussion TCVT impacts on PCVT dynamics in a lab-based Stress task in healthy preschool children and only low birth weight is related to more change during early and to less late PCVT recovery.
Britt J Heidinger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental conditions shape the temporal pattern of investment in reproduction and survival
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Valeria Marasco, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Kate Griffiths, Pat MonaghanAbstract:The relationship between environmental Stress Exposure and ageing is likely to vary with Stressor severity, life-history stage and the time scale over which effects are measured. Such factors could influence whether Stress Exposure accelerates or slows the ageing process, but their interactions have not previously been experimentally investigated. We found that experimental Exposure of zebra finches to mildly challenging environmental circumstances from young to old adulthood, which increased Exposure to Stress hormones, reduced breeding performance during early adulthood, but had positive effects when individuals were bred in old adulthood. This difference was not due to selective mortality, because the effects were evident within individuals, and no evidence of habituation in the response to the Stressor was found. The more Stressful environment had no effects on survival during young or old adulthood, but substantially improved survival during middle age. Changes in the effects at different ages could be due to the duration and nature of the challenging Exposure, or to variation in coping capacity or strategy with age. These results show that living under challenging environmental circumstances can influence ageing trajectories in terms of both reproductive performance and longevity. Our results provide experimental support for the emerging idea that Stress Exposure needs to be optimized rather than minimized to obtain the best health outcomes.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a 'time bomb' that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a ‘time bomb’ that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
Winnie Boner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental conditions shape the temporal pattern of investment in reproduction and survival
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Valeria Marasco, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Kate Griffiths, Pat MonaghanAbstract:The relationship between environmental Stress Exposure and ageing is likely to vary with Stressor severity, life-history stage and the time scale over which effects are measured. Such factors could influence whether Stress Exposure accelerates or slows the ageing process, but their interactions have not previously been experimentally investigated. We found that experimental Exposure of zebra finches to mildly challenging environmental circumstances from young to old adulthood, which increased Exposure to Stress hormones, reduced breeding performance during early adulthood, but had positive effects when individuals were bred in old adulthood. This difference was not due to selective mortality, because the effects were evident within individuals, and no evidence of habituation in the response to the Stressor was found. The more Stressful environment had no effects on survival during young or old adulthood, but substantially improved survival during middle age. Changes in the effects at different ages could be due to the duration and nature of the challenging Exposure, or to variation in coping capacity or strategy with age. These results show that living under challenging environmental circumstances can influence ageing trajectories in terms of both reproductive performance and longevity. Our results provide experimental support for the emerging idea that Stress Exposure needs to be optimized rather than minimized to obtain the best health outcomes.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a 'time bomb' that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
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Stress Exposure in early post natal life reduces telomere length an experimental demonstration in a long lived seabird
Proceedings of The Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2014Co-Authors: Katherine A Herborn, Britt J Heidinger, Winnie Boner, Jose C Noguera, Aileen Adam, Francis Daunt, Pat MonaghanAbstract:Exposure to Stressors early in life is associated with faster ageing and reduced longevity. One important mechanism that could underlie these late life effects is increased telomere loss. Telomere length in early post-natal life is an important predictor of subsequent lifespan, but the factors underpinning its variability are poorly understood. Recent human studies have linked Stress Exposure to increased telomere loss. These studies have of necessity been non-experimental and are consequently subjected to several confounding factors; also, being based on leucocyte populations, where cell composition is variable and some telomere restoration can occur, the extent to which these effects extend beyond the immune system has been questioned. In this study, we experimentally manipulated Stress Exposure early in post-natal life in nestling European shags (Phalacrocorax aristotelis) in the wild and examined the effect on telomere length in erythrocytes. Our results show that greater Stress Exposure during early post-natal life increases telomere loss at this life-history stage, and that such an effect is not confined to immune cells. The delayed effects of increased telomere attrition in early life could therefore give rise to a ‘time bomb’ that reduces longevity in the absence of any obvious phenotypic consequences early in life.
