The Experts below are selected from a list of 321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marcus Fraga Vieira - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Head orientation and gait stability in young adults, dancers and older adults.
Gait & posture, 2020Co-Authors: Rina Márcia Magnani, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Jaap H. Van Dieën, Marcus Fraga VieiraAbstract:Abstract Background Control of body orientation requires head motion detection by the vestibular system and small changes with respect to the gravitational acceleration vector could cause destabilization. Research question We aimed to compare the effects of different head orientations on gait stability in young adults, dancers and older adults. Methods Three groups of 10 subjects were evaluated, the first composed of young adults (aged 18–30 years), the second composed of young healthy dancers under high performance dance training (aged 18–30 years), and the third group composed of community-dwelling older adults (aged 65–80 years). Participants walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed in four distinct head orientation conditions for four minutes each: control (neutral orientation); dynamic yaw (following a target over 45° bilaterally); up (15° neck extension), and down (40° neck flexion). Foot and trunk kinematic data were acquired using a 3D motion capture system and the gait pattern was assessed by basic gait parameters (step length, Stride Width and corresponding variability) and gait stability (local divergence exponents and margins of stability). Main effects of conditions and groups, as well as their interaction effects, were evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Interactions of group and head orientation were found for both step length and Stride Width variability; main effects of head orientation were found for all evaluated parameters and main effects of group were found for step length and its variability and local divergence exponents in all directions. Significance As expected, the older adults group showed less stable gait (higher local divergence exponent), the shortest step length and greater step length variability. However, contrary to expectation, the dancers were not more stable. The yaw condition was the most challenging for all groups and the down condition seemed to be least challenging.
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Local dynamic stability and gait variability during attentional tasks in young adults
Gait & posture, 2017Co-Authors: Rina Márcia Magnani, Georgia Cristina Lehnen, Fábio Barbosa Rodrigues, Gustavo Souto De Sá E Souza, Adriano O. Andrade, Marcus Fraga VieiraAbstract:Cell phone use while walking may be a cognitive distraction and reduce visual and motor attention. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the effects of attentional dual-tasks while using a cell phone in different conditions. Stability, regularity, and linear variability of trunk kinematics, and gait spatiotemporal parameters in young adults were measured. Twenty young subjects of both genders were asked to walk on a treadmill for 4 min under the following conditions: (a) looking forward at a fixed target 2.5 m away (walking); (b) talking on a cell phone with unilateral handling (talking); (c) texting messages on a cell phone with unilateral handling (texting); and (d) looking forward at the aforementioned target while listening to music without handling the phone (listening). Local dynamic stability measured in terms of the largest Lyapunov exponent decreased while handling a cell phone (talking and texting). Gait variability and regularity increased when talking on a cell phone, but no variable changed in the listening condition. Under all dual-task conditions, there were significant increases in Stride Width and its variability. We conclude that young adults who use a cell phone when walking adapt their gait pattern conservatively, which can be because of increased attentional demand during cell phone use.
Kate A. Hamel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Alexander Technique training experience on gait behavior in older adults
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew M. O'neill, David I. Anderson, Diane D. Allen, Christopher Ross, Kate A. HamelAbstract:Heightened fall risk, potentially caused by aging-related changes in gait, is a serious health issue faced by older adults. The Alexander Technique is thought to improve balance and motor function; however, the technique's effect on gait has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Alexander Technique training in older adults on the temporospatial characteristics of gait and medio-lateral center of mass displacement during fast and comfortably paced over-ground walking. Six licensed Alexander Technique teachers and seven controls between the ages of 60 and 75 years of age participated in the study. Alexander Technique teachers exhibited a reduction in medio-lateral center of mass displacement during fast paced walking compared to comfortably paced walking that was not present in controls. Due to this difference Alexander Technique teachers displayed a smaller medio-lateral Center of Mass displacement compared to controls during fast paced walking. Alexander Technique teachers also demonstrated significantly smaller Stride Width and lower gait timing variability compared to controls. These findings, which suggest superior control of dynamic stability during gait and potentially reduced fall risk in Alexander Technique teachers, warrant further study.
Rina Márcia Magnani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Head orientation and gait stability in young adults, dancers and older adults.
Gait & posture, 2020Co-Authors: Rina Márcia Magnani, Sjoerd M. Bruijn, Jaap H. Van Dieën, Marcus Fraga VieiraAbstract:Abstract Background Control of body orientation requires head motion detection by the vestibular system and small changes with respect to the gravitational acceleration vector could cause destabilization. Research question We aimed to compare the effects of different head orientations on gait stability in young adults, dancers and older adults. Methods Three groups of 10 subjects were evaluated, the first composed of young adults (aged 18–30 years), the second composed of young healthy dancers under high performance dance training (aged 18–30 years), and the third group composed of community-dwelling older adults (aged 65–80 years). Participants walked on a treadmill at their preferred speed in four distinct head orientation conditions for four minutes each: control (neutral orientation); dynamic yaw (following a target over 45° bilaterally); up (15° neck extension), and down (40° neck flexion). Foot and trunk kinematic data were acquired using a 3D motion capture system and the gait pattern was assessed by basic gait parameters (step length, Stride Width and corresponding variability) and gait stability (local divergence exponents and margins of stability). Main effects of conditions and groups, as well as their interaction effects, were evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results Interactions of group and head orientation were found for both step length and Stride Width variability; main effects of head orientation were found for all evaluated parameters and main effects of group were found for step length and its variability and local divergence exponents in all directions. Significance As expected, the older adults group showed less stable gait (higher local divergence exponent), the shortest step length and greater step length variability. However, contrary to expectation, the dancers were not more stable. The yaw condition was the most challenging for all groups and the down condition seemed to be least challenging.
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Local dynamic stability and gait variability during attentional tasks in young adults
Gait & posture, 2017Co-Authors: Rina Márcia Magnani, Georgia Cristina Lehnen, Fábio Barbosa Rodrigues, Gustavo Souto De Sá E Souza, Adriano O. Andrade, Marcus Fraga VieiraAbstract:Cell phone use while walking may be a cognitive distraction and reduce visual and motor attention. Thus, the aim of this study was to verify the effects of attentional dual-tasks while using a cell phone in different conditions. Stability, regularity, and linear variability of trunk kinematics, and gait spatiotemporal parameters in young adults were measured. Twenty young subjects of both genders were asked to walk on a treadmill for 4 min under the following conditions: (a) looking forward at a fixed target 2.5 m away (walking); (b) talking on a cell phone with unilateral handling (talking); (c) texting messages on a cell phone with unilateral handling (texting); and (d) looking forward at the aforementioned target while listening to music without handling the phone (listening). Local dynamic stability measured in terms of the largest Lyapunov exponent decreased while handling a cell phone (talking and texting). Gait variability and regularity increased when talking on a cell phone, but no variable changed in the listening condition. Under all dual-task conditions, there were significant increases in Stride Width and its variability. We conclude that young adults who use a cell phone when walking adapt their gait pattern conservatively, which can be because of increased attentional demand during cell phone use.
Sandra E. Black - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Spatial and temporal gait parameters in Alzheimer's disease and aging.
Gait & posture, 2009Co-Authors: Neelesh K. Nadkarni, Elysha Mawji, William E. Mcilroy, Sandra E. BlackAbstract:Spatial and temporal gait parameters in 40 patients with early Alzheimer's disease (AD) were compared to that of 34 normal controls (NC) on a level ground and on a treadmill. Over-ground velocity, cycle-time, cadence, Stride-length, Stride-Width and double-support time were captured on an electronic walkway. On the treadmill, cadence, cycle-time and double-support time were recorded at a preferred velocity using footswitches. The AD group were significantly slower on the Timed Up and Go task compared to NC (p
Matthew M. O'neill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Alexander Technique training experience on gait behavior in older adults
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2015Co-Authors: Matthew M. O'neill, David I. Anderson, Diane D. Allen, Christopher Ross, Kate A. HamelAbstract:Heightened fall risk, potentially caused by aging-related changes in gait, is a serious health issue faced by older adults. The Alexander Technique is thought to improve balance and motor function; however, the technique's effect on gait has not been studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Alexander Technique training in older adults on the temporospatial characteristics of gait and medio-lateral center of mass displacement during fast and comfortably paced over-ground walking. Six licensed Alexander Technique teachers and seven controls between the ages of 60 and 75 years of age participated in the study. Alexander Technique teachers exhibited a reduction in medio-lateral center of mass displacement during fast paced walking compared to comfortably paced walking that was not present in controls. Due to this difference Alexander Technique teachers displayed a smaller medio-lateral Center of Mass displacement compared to controls during fast paced walking. Alexander Technique teachers also demonstrated significantly smaller Stride Width and lower gait timing variability compared to controls. These findings, which suggest superior control of dynamic stability during gait and potentially reduced fall risk in Alexander Technique teachers, warrant further study.