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Sabina Dolegowska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extreme enrichment of arsenic and rare earth elements in acid mine drainage case study of wiśniowka Mining area south central poland
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract The Wiśniowka rock Strip Mining area (south-central Poland) with quartzite quarries, acid water bodies and tailings piles is one of the most unique acid mine drainage (AMD) sites throughout the world. This is due to the occurrence of enormous amounts of pyrite unknown in sedimentary formations worldwide. Of the two mineralization zones, one that is the most abundant in arsenical pyrite occurs in the lowermost Upper Cambrian formation of the Podwiśniowka quarry. The As-rich pyritiferous clastic rocks are exposed as a result of deep quartzite extraction during 2013–2014. In addition, the clayey-silty shale interbeds are enriched in rare earth element (REE) minerals. The Mining operation left an acidic lake with a pH of about 2.4–2.6 and increased contents of sulfates, metal(loid)s and REE. The Podwiśniowka pyrite-rich waste material was stacked up in many places of the Mining area giving rise to strongly acidic spills that jeopardized the neighboring environment. One of these unexplored tailings piles was a source of extremely sulfate- and metal(loid)-rich pools with unusual enrichments in As (up to 1548 mg L−1) and REE (up to 24.84 mg L−1). These distinctly exceeded those previously reported in the Wiśniowka area. A broad scope of geochemical, mineralogical and petrographic methods was used to document these specific textural and mineralogical properties of pyrite facilitating its rapid oxidation. The pyrite oxidation products reacted with REE-bearing minerals releasing these elements into acid water bodies. Statistical methods were employed to connect the obtained tailings pool hydrogeochemical data with those derived from this and the previous studies of the Podwiśniowka and Wiśniowka Duza acid pit lakes. In contrast to metal(loid) profiles, the characteristic shale-normalized REE concentration patterns turned out to be more suitable for solving different AMD issues including provenance of mine waste material in the tailings pile examined.
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arsenic in the wiśniowka acid mine drainage area south central poland mineralogy hydrogeochemistry remediation
Chemical Geology, 2018Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract This paper summarizes different aspects of arsenic mineralogy and geochemistry in the Wiśniowka acid mine drainage (AMD) area, south-central Poland. The basic source of this metalloid in AMD water bodies is micro-grained pyrite that forms two different mineralized zones within the Upper Cambrian rock formation. Due to specific textural and geochemical characteristics, this mineral undergoes rapid oxidation on exposed quarry walls and unvegetated tailings piles, thus contributing to elevated arsenic concentrations in acid pit lakes and ponds, and locally intermittent pools. The latter were highlighted by the highest As levels reaching even 370 mg/L. Of the three AMD large reservoirs, the Podwiśniowka (eastern) lake revealed distinctly raised As concentrations varying from 7.02 to 22.2 mg/L. Another interesting water body is the Marczakowe Doly acid pond showing diverse seasonal As concentration patterns in colloids and a water column. Results of geochemical modeling showed that the saturation indices (SI) of hematite and goethite exhibited the highest values (range of 6.96 to 12.84 and 2.47 to 5.39, respectively) tending to precipitate in all the water bodies examined. In addition, the positive SI values of nanosized e-Fe2O3 (1.64 to 4.13) and schwertmannite (0.90 to 2.10) were found only in the Wiśniowka Duza and Marczakowe Doly acid waters. Laboratory experiments revealed that the best chemical and cost-effective method (out of the limited number of options) of arsenic removal from the AMD waters examined was the use of high-grade powdered limestone (fraction 0.0–0.09 mm) or more effective although more expensive limewater (calcium hydroxide). The positive SI values of hematite, goethite, e-Fe2O3 and schwertmannite of neutralized solutions suggest that these minerals should precipitate. Due to diverse concentrations in the examined rock series, arsenic has been used for fingerprinting “hot” places within the Mining and neighboring areas, as well as for predicting the directions and effects of Strip Mining for quartzites. The As signature can also be applied to monitor a detrimental AMD impact on local surface and underground waters.
Zdzislaw M Migaszewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extreme enrichment of arsenic and rare earth elements in acid mine drainage case study of wiśniowka Mining area south central poland
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract The Wiśniowka rock Strip Mining area (south-central Poland) with quartzite quarries, acid water bodies and tailings piles is one of the most unique acid mine drainage (AMD) sites throughout the world. This is due to the occurrence of enormous amounts of pyrite unknown in sedimentary formations worldwide. Of the two mineralization zones, one that is the most abundant in arsenical pyrite occurs in the lowermost Upper Cambrian formation of the Podwiśniowka quarry. The As-rich pyritiferous clastic rocks are exposed as a result of deep quartzite extraction during 2013–2014. In addition, the clayey-silty shale interbeds are enriched in rare earth element (REE) minerals. The Mining operation left an acidic lake with a pH of about 2.4–2.6 and increased contents of sulfates, metal(loid)s and REE. The Podwiśniowka pyrite-rich waste material was stacked up in many places of the Mining area giving rise to strongly acidic spills that jeopardized the neighboring environment. One of these unexplored tailings piles was a source of extremely sulfate- and metal(loid)-rich pools with unusual enrichments in As (up to 1548 mg L−1) and REE (up to 24.84 mg L−1). These distinctly exceeded those previously reported in the Wiśniowka area. A broad scope of geochemical, mineralogical and petrographic methods was used to document these specific textural and mineralogical properties of pyrite facilitating its rapid oxidation. The pyrite oxidation products reacted with REE-bearing minerals releasing these elements into acid water bodies. Statistical methods were employed to connect the obtained tailings pool hydrogeochemical data with those derived from this and the previous studies of the Podwiśniowka and Wiśniowka Duza acid pit lakes. In contrast to metal(loid) profiles, the characteristic shale-normalized REE concentration patterns turned out to be more suitable for solving different AMD issues including provenance of mine waste material in the tailings pile examined.
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arsenic in the wiśniowka acid mine drainage area south central poland mineralogy hydrogeochemistry remediation
Chemical Geology, 2018Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract This paper summarizes different aspects of arsenic mineralogy and geochemistry in the Wiśniowka acid mine drainage (AMD) area, south-central Poland. The basic source of this metalloid in AMD water bodies is micro-grained pyrite that forms two different mineralized zones within the Upper Cambrian rock formation. Due to specific textural and geochemical characteristics, this mineral undergoes rapid oxidation on exposed quarry walls and unvegetated tailings piles, thus contributing to elevated arsenic concentrations in acid pit lakes and ponds, and locally intermittent pools. The latter were highlighted by the highest As levels reaching even 370 mg/L. Of the three AMD large reservoirs, the Podwiśniowka (eastern) lake revealed distinctly raised As concentrations varying from 7.02 to 22.2 mg/L. Another interesting water body is the Marczakowe Doly acid pond showing diverse seasonal As concentration patterns in colloids and a water column. Results of geochemical modeling showed that the saturation indices (SI) of hematite and goethite exhibited the highest values (range of 6.96 to 12.84 and 2.47 to 5.39, respectively) tending to precipitate in all the water bodies examined. In addition, the positive SI values of nanosized e-Fe2O3 (1.64 to 4.13) and schwertmannite (0.90 to 2.10) were found only in the Wiśniowka Duza and Marczakowe Doly acid waters. Laboratory experiments revealed that the best chemical and cost-effective method (out of the limited number of options) of arsenic removal from the AMD waters examined was the use of high-grade powdered limestone (fraction 0.0–0.09 mm) or more effective although more expensive limewater (calcium hydroxide). The positive SI values of hematite, goethite, e-Fe2O3 and schwertmannite of neutralized solutions suggest that these minerals should precipitate. Due to diverse concentrations in the examined rock series, arsenic has been used for fingerprinting “hot” places within the Mining and neighboring areas, as well as for predicting the directions and effects of Strip Mining for quartzites. The As signature can also be applied to monitor a detrimental AMD impact on local surface and underground waters.
Agnieszka Galuszka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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extreme enrichment of arsenic and rare earth elements in acid mine drainage case study of wiśniowka Mining area south central poland
Environmental Pollution, 2019Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract The Wiśniowka rock Strip Mining area (south-central Poland) with quartzite quarries, acid water bodies and tailings piles is one of the most unique acid mine drainage (AMD) sites throughout the world. This is due to the occurrence of enormous amounts of pyrite unknown in sedimentary formations worldwide. Of the two mineralization zones, one that is the most abundant in arsenical pyrite occurs in the lowermost Upper Cambrian formation of the Podwiśniowka quarry. The As-rich pyritiferous clastic rocks are exposed as a result of deep quartzite extraction during 2013–2014. In addition, the clayey-silty shale interbeds are enriched in rare earth element (REE) minerals. The Mining operation left an acidic lake with a pH of about 2.4–2.6 and increased contents of sulfates, metal(loid)s and REE. The Podwiśniowka pyrite-rich waste material was stacked up in many places of the Mining area giving rise to strongly acidic spills that jeopardized the neighboring environment. One of these unexplored tailings piles was a source of extremely sulfate- and metal(loid)-rich pools with unusual enrichments in As (up to 1548 mg L−1) and REE (up to 24.84 mg L−1). These distinctly exceeded those previously reported in the Wiśniowka area. A broad scope of geochemical, mineralogical and petrographic methods was used to document these specific textural and mineralogical properties of pyrite facilitating its rapid oxidation. The pyrite oxidation products reacted with REE-bearing minerals releasing these elements into acid water bodies. Statistical methods were employed to connect the obtained tailings pool hydrogeochemical data with those derived from this and the previous studies of the Podwiśniowka and Wiśniowka Duza acid pit lakes. In contrast to metal(loid) profiles, the characteristic shale-normalized REE concentration patterns turned out to be more suitable for solving different AMD issues including provenance of mine waste material in the tailings pile examined.
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arsenic in the wiśniowka acid mine drainage area south central poland mineralogy hydrogeochemistry remediation
Chemical Geology, 2018Co-Authors: Zdzislaw M Migaszewski, Agnieszka Galuszka, Sabina DolegowskaAbstract:Abstract This paper summarizes different aspects of arsenic mineralogy and geochemistry in the Wiśniowka acid mine drainage (AMD) area, south-central Poland. The basic source of this metalloid in AMD water bodies is micro-grained pyrite that forms two different mineralized zones within the Upper Cambrian rock formation. Due to specific textural and geochemical characteristics, this mineral undergoes rapid oxidation on exposed quarry walls and unvegetated tailings piles, thus contributing to elevated arsenic concentrations in acid pit lakes and ponds, and locally intermittent pools. The latter were highlighted by the highest As levels reaching even 370 mg/L. Of the three AMD large reservoirs, the Podwiśniowka (eastern) lake revealed distinctly raised As concentrations varying from 7.02 to 22.2 mg/L. Another interesting water body is the Marczakowe Doly acid pond showing diverse seasonal As concentration patterns in colloids and a water column. Results of geochemical modeling showed that the saturation indices (SI) of hematite and goethite exhibited the highest values (range of 6.96 to 12.84 and 2.47 to 5.39, respectively) tending to precipitate in all the water bodies examined. In addition, the positive SI values of nanosized e-Fe2O3 (1.64 to 4.13) and schwertmannite (0.90 to 2.10) were found only in the Wiśniowka Duza and Marczakowe Doly acid waters. Laboratory experiments revealed that the best chemical and cost-effective method (out of the limited number of options) of arsenic removal from the AMD waters examined was the use of high-grade powdered limestone (fraction 0.0–0.09 mm) or more effective although more expensive limewater (calcium hydroxide). The positive SI values of hematite, goethite, e-Fe2O3 and schwertmannite of neutralized solutions suggest that these minerals should precipitate. Due to diverse concentrations in the examined rock series, arsenic has been used for fingerprinting “hot” places within the Mining and neighboring areas, as well as for predicting the directions and effects of Strip Mining for quartzites. The As signature can also be applied to monitor a detrimental AMD impact on local surface and underground waters.
Sabina Dołęgowska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rare earth and trace element signatures for assessing an impact of rock Mining and processing on the environment: Wiśniówka case study, south-central Poland
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016Co-Authors: Zdzisław M. Migaszewski, Agnieszka Gałuszka, Sabina DołęgowskaAbstract:A detailed hydrogeochemical study was performed in the Wiśniówka Mining area (south-central Poland). This covered three acid pit bodies, historic tailings acid ponds, acid pools, and additionally two neighboring rivers. All these acid mine drainage (AMD) waters are characterized by the pH in the range of 1.7 (pools) to 3.5 (tailings ponds). The most interesting is the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake that shows a very low pH (2.2–2.5) and very high concentrations of SO_4 ^2− (2720–5460 mg/L), Fe (545–1140 mg/L), Al (86.2 mg/L), As (9603–24,883 μg/L), Co (1317–3458 μg/L), Cr (753–2047 μg/L), Cu (6307–18,879 μg/L), Ni (1168–3127 μg/L), and rare earth element (REE) (589–1341 μg/L). In addition, seeps that drain the Podwiśniówka mine tailings and partly aggregate piles form strong acid pools in the Mining area. Along with these pools, in which As and REE contents reach 369,726 and 6288 μg/L, respectively, these waters are among the most distinctive As- and REE-rich AMD surface waters across the world. It is noteworthy that the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake and Wiśniówka Duża acid pit sump exhibit different element signatures and REE concentration patterns normalized to North American Composite Shale (NASC): the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake always shows a characteristic roof-shaped medium REE (MREE) profile with distinct enrichments in Gd, Eu, and Tb whereas the other one displays a step-shaped heavy REE (HREE) profile with positive Tb and Gd anomalies. The REE undergo fractionation during weathering and the subsequent leaching of dissolved and suspended fractions from rocks to acid water bodies where these and other elements are further fractionated by geochemical processes. This study shows that the individual REE have greater affinities for Mn, HREE for Fe and SO_4 ^2−, and only La and Ce for Al. This specific water geochemistry has enabled us to (i) pinpoint the location of AMD “hot spots” originated from quartzite Mining and processing operations conducted by current and previous Mining companies, (ii) predict the directions and effects of future Strip Mining for quartzites in the Wiśniówka Duża and Podwiśniówka open pits, and (iii) evaluate the potential impact of Mining and processing effluents on the quality of rivers.
Zdzisław M. Migaszewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Rare earth and trace element signatures for assessing an impact of rock Mining and processing on the environment: Wiśniówka case study, south-central Poland
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016Co-Authors: Zdzisław M. Migaszewski, Agnieszka Gałuszka, Sabina DołęgowskaAbstract:A detailed hydrogeochemical study was performed in the Wiśniówka Mining area (south-central Poland). This covered three acid pit bodies, historic tailings acid ponds, acid pools, and additionally two neighboring rivers. All these acid mine drainage (AMD) waters are characterized by the pH in the range of 1.7 (pools) to 3.5 (tailings ponds). The most interesting is the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake that shows a very low pH (2.2–2.5) and very high concentrations of SO_4 ^2− (2720–5460 mg/L), Fe (545–1140 mg/L), Al (86.2 mg/L), As (9603–24,883 μg/L), Co (1317–3458 μg/L), Cr (753–2047 μg/L), Cu (6307–18,879 μg/L), Ni (1168–3127 μg/L), and rare earth element (REE) (589–1341 μg/L). In addition, seeps that drain the Podwiśniówka mine tailings and partly aggregate piles form strong acid pools in the Mining area. Along with these pools, in which As and REE contents reach 369,726 and 6288 μg/L, respectively, these waters are among the most distinctive As- and REE-rich AMD surface waters across the world. It is noteworthy that the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake and Wiśniówka Duża acid pit sump exhibit different element signatures and REE concentration patterns normalized to North American Composite Shale (NASC): the Podwiśniówka acid pit lake always shows a characteristic roof-shaped medium REE (MREE) profile with distinct enrichments in Gd, Eu, and Tb whereas the other one displays a step-shaped heavy REE (HREE) profile with positive Tb and Gd anomalies. The REE undergo fractionation during weathering and the subsequent leaching of dissolved and suspended fractions from rocks to acid water bodies where these and other elements are further fractionated by geochemical processes. This study shows that the individual REE have greater affinities for Mn, HREE for Fe and SO_4 ^2−, and only La and Ce for Al. This specific water geochemistry has enabled us to (i) pinpoint the location of AMD “hot spots” originated from quartzite Mining and processing operations conducted by current and previous Mining companies, (ii) predict the directions and effects of future Strip Mining for quartzites in the Wiśniówka Duża and Podwiśniówka open pits, and (iii) evaluate the potential impact of Mining and processing effluents on the quality of rivers.
