The Experts below are selected from a list of 135 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Frank H Guenther - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Artificial speech synthesizer control by brain-computer interface
Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association INTERSPEECH, 2009Co-Authors: Jonathan S. Brumberg, Philip R Kennedy, Frank H GuentherAbstract:We developed and tested a brain-computer interface for control of an artificial speech synthesizer by an individual with near complete paralysis. This neural prosthesis for speech restoration is currently capable of predicting vowel formant frequencies based on neural activity recorded from an intracortical microelectrode implanted in the left hemisphere speech motor cortex. Using instantaneous auditory feedback (< 50 ms) of predicted formant frequencies, the Study Participant has been able to correctly perform a vowel production task at a maximum rate of 80-90 % correct. Index Terms: speech synthesis, brain computer interface 1.
Milo A Puhan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cost effectiveness of health research Study Participant recruitment strategies a systematic review
Clinical Trials, 2014Co-Authors: Lynn Huynh, Benjamin Johns, Swaroop S Vedula, Tianjing Li, Milo A PuhanAbstract:Background: A large fraction of the cost of conducting clinical trials is allocated to recruitment of Participants. A synthesis of findings from studies that evaluate the cost and effectiveness of different recruitment strategies will inform investigators in designing cost-efficient clinical trials. Purpose: To systematically identify, assess, and synthesize evidence from published comparisons of the cost and yield of strategies for recruitment of Participants to health research studies. Methods: We included randomized studies in which two or more strategies for recruitment of Participants had been compared. We focused our economic evaluation on studies that randomized Participants to different recruitment strategies. Results: We identified 10 randomized studies that compared recruitment strategies, including monetary incentives (cash or prize), direct contact (letters or telephone call), and medical referral strategies. Only two of the 10 studies compared strategies for recruiting Participants to clinical trials. We found that allocating additional resources to recruit Participants using monetary incentives or direct contact yielded between 4% and 23% additional Participants compared to using neither strategy. For medical referral, recruitment of prostate cancer patients by nurses was cost-saving compared to recruitment by consultant urologists. For all underlying Study designs, monetary incentives cost more than direct contact with potential Participants, with a median incremental cost per recruitment ratio of Int$72 (Int$—International dollar, a theoretical unit of currency) for monetary incentive strategy compared to Int$28 for direct contact strategy. Only monetary incentives and source of referral were evaluated for recruiting Participants into clinical trials. Limitations: We did not review studies that presented non-monetary cost or lost opportunity cost. We did not adjust for the number of Study recruitment sites or the Study duration in our economic evaluation analysis. Conclusions: Systematic and explicit reporting of cost and effectiveness of recruitment strategies from randomized comparisons is required to aid investigators to select cost-efficient strategies for recruiting Participants to health research studies including clinical trials.
Jonathan S. Brumberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Artificial speech synthesizer control by brain-computer interface
Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association INTERSPEECH, 2009Co-Authors: Jonathan S. Brumberg, Philip R Kennedy, Frank H GuentherAbstract:We developed and tested a brain-computer interface for control of an artificial speech synthesizer by an individual with near complete paralysis. This neural prosthesis for speech restoration is currently capable of predicting vowel formant frequencies based on neural activity recorded from an intracortical microelectrode implanted in the left hemisphere speech motor cortex. Using instantaneous auditory feedback (< 50 ms) of predicted formant frequencies, the Study Participant has been able to correctly perform a vowel production task at a maximum rate of 80-90 % correct. Index Terms: speech synthesis, brain computer interface 1.
Hugh M Herr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A QUASI-PASSIVE LEG EXOSKELETON FOR LOAD-CARRYING AUGMENTATION
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 2007Co-Authors: Conor James Walsh, Ken Endo, Hugh M HerrAbstract:A quasi-passive leg exoskeleton is presented for load-carrying augmentation during walk- ing. The exoskeleton has no actuators, only ankle and hip springs and a knee variable- damper. Without a payload, the exoskeleton weighs 11.7kg and requires only 2 Watts of electrical power during loaded walking. For a 36 kg payload, we demonstrate that the quasi-passive exoskeleton transfers on average 80% of the load to the ground during the single support phase of walking. By measuring the rate of oxygen consumption on a Study Participant walking at a self-selected speed, we find that the exoskeleton slightly increases the walking metabolic cost of transport (COT) as compared to a standard loaded backpack (10% increase). However, a similar exoskeleton without joint springs or damping control (zero-impedance exoskeleton) is found to increase COT by 23% com- pared to the loaded backpack, highlighting the benefits of passive and quasi-passive joint mechanisms in the design of efficient, low-mass leg exoskeletons.
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28 WSPC/191-IJHR
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 2007Co-Authors: Conor James Walsh, Ken Endo, Hugh M HerrAbstract:A quasi-passive leg exoskeleton is presented for load-carrying augmentation during walking. The exoskeleton has no actuators, only ankle and hip springs and a knee variable-damper. Without a payload, the exoskeleton weighs 11.7 kg and requires only 2 Watts of electrical power during loaded walking. For a 36 kg payload, we demonstrate that the quasi-passive exoskeleton transfers on average 80% of the load to the ground during the single support phase of walking. By measuring the rate of oxygen consumption on a Study Participant walking at a self-selected speed, we find that the exoskeleton slightly increases the walking metabolic cost of transport (COT) as compared to a standard loaded backpack (10% increase). However, a similar exoskeleton without joint springs or damping control (zero-impedance exoskeleton) is found to increase COT by 23% compared to the loaded backpack, highlighting the benefits of passive and quasi-passive joint mechanisms in the design of efficient, low-mass leg exoskeletons.
Accepted Day - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A QUASI–PASSIVE LEG EXOSKELETON FOR LOAD–CARRYING AUGMENTATION
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 2007Co-Authors: Revised Day, Month Year, Accepted DayAbstract:A quasi-passive leg exoskeleton is presented for load-carrying augmentation during walk-ing. The exoskeleton has no actuators, only ankle and hip springs and a knee variable-damper. Without a payload, the exoskeleton weighs 11.7kg and requires only 2 Watts of electrical power during loaded walking. For a 36 kg payload, we demonstrate that the quasi-passive exoskeleton transfers on average 80% of the load to the ground during the single support phase of walking. By measuring the rate of oxygen consumption on a Study Participant walking at a self-selected speed, we find that the exoskeleton slightly increases the walking metabolic cost of transport (COT) as compared to a standard loaded backpack (10% increase). However, a similar exoskeleton without joint springs or damping control (zero-impedance exoskeleton) is found to increase COT by 23% com-pared to the loaded backpack, highlighting the benefits of passive and quasi-passive joint mechanisms in the design of efficient, low-mass leg exoskeletons.
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March 25, 2007 14:55 WSPC/INSTRUCTION FILE ws-exopaper
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics, 2007Co-Authors: Revised Day, Month Year, Accepted DayAbstract:A quasi-passive leg exoskeleton is presented for load-carrying augmentation during walk- ing. The exoskeleton has no actuators, only ankle and hip springs and a knee variable- damper. Without a payload, the exoskeleton weighs 11.7kg and requires only 2 Watts of electrical power during loaded walking. For a 36 kg payload, we demonstrate that the quasi-passive exoskeleton transfers on average 80% of the load to the ground during the single support phase of walking. By measuring the rate of oxygen consumption on a Study Participant walking at a self-selected speed, we find that the exoskeleton slightly increases the walking metabolic cost of transport (COT) as compared to a standard loaded backpack (10% increase). However, a similar exoskeleton without joint springs or damping control (zero-impedance exoskeleton) is found to increase COT by 23% com- pared to the loaded backpack, highlighting the benefits of passive and quasi-passive joint mechanisms in the design of efficient, low-mass leg exoskeletons.
