The Experts below are selected from a list of 702 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Arnd Baumann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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amtyr1 characterization of a gene from honeybee apis mellifera brain encoding a functional tyramine receptor
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Wolfgang Blenau, Sabine Balfanz, Arnd BaumannAbstract:Biogenic amine receptors are involved in the regulation and modulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We have cloned a member of this gene family from the CNS of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The deduced amino acid sequence is homologous to tyramine receptors cloned from Locusta migratoria and Drosophila melanogaster as well as to an octopamine receptor cloned from Heliothis virescens. Functional properties of the honeybee receptor were studied in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Tyramine reduced forskolin-induced cyclic AMP production in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 of approximately 130 nM. A similar effect of tyramine was observed in membrane homogenates of honeybee brains. Octopamine also reduced cyclic AMP production in the transfected cell line but was both less potent (EC50 of approximately 3 microM) and less efficacious than tyramine. Receptor-encoding mRNA has a wide-spread distribution in the brain and Subesophageal Ganglion of the honeybee, suggesting that this tyramine receptor is involved in sensory signal processing as well as in higher-order brain functions.
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Amtyr1: Characterization of a gene from honeybee (Apis mellifera) brain encoding a functional tyramine receptor
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Wolfgang Blenau, Sabine Balfanz, Arnd BaumannAbstract:Biogenic amine receptors are involved in the regulation and modulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We have cloned a member of this gene family from the CNS of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The deduced amino acid sequence is homologous to tyramine receptors cloned from Locusta migratoria and Drosophila melanogaster as well as to an octopamine receptor cloned from Heliothis virescens. Functional properties of the honeybee receptor were studied in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Tyramine reduced forskolin-induced cyclic AMP production in a dose-dependent manner with an EC 50 of ~130 nM. A similar effect of tyramine was observed in membrane homogenates of honeybee brains. Octopamine also reduced cyclic AMP production in the transfected cell line but was both less potent (EC 50 of ~3 μM) and less efficacious than tyramine. Receptor-encoding mRNA has a widespread distribution in the brain and Subesophageal Ganglion of the honeybee, suggesting that this tyramine receptor is involved in sensory signal processing as well as in higher-order brain functions.
Guizhong Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the identification and distribution of progesterone receptors in the brain and thoracic Ganglion in the mud crab scylla paramamosain crustacea decapoda brachyura
Invertebrate Neuroscience, 2010Co-Authors: Huiyang Huang, Ping Song, Guizhong WangAbstract:The existence of progesterone receptors (PR) in the Scylla paramamosain (mud crab) was studied using immunological techniques. By Western blotting, PR with an apparent molecular weight of 70 kDa is identified in both the brain and the thoracic Ganglion. By immunohistochemistry, PR immunoreactive neurons are detected mainly in the protocerebrum, the Subesophageal Ganglion and the leg Ganglion. PR immunoreactivity is localized mainly in the nuclei of these neurons, while only a few neurons show such activities in their cytoplasm. Our results provide evidence that progesterone modulates the neuroendocrine system mainly via nucleus receptors.
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immunorecognition of estrogen and androgen receptors in the brain and thoracic Ganglion mass of mud crab scylla paramamosain
Progress in Natural Science, 2008Co-Authors: Huiyang Huang, Guizhong WangAbstract:Abstract The brain and the thoracic Ganglion of a crustacean can synthesize and secrete gonad-stimulating hormone (GSH) which stimulates the maturation of gonad. In the previous experiments, sex steroid hormones (estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, etc.) have been detected from the crustacean. However, the feedback regulation of sex steroid hormones on the brain and the thoracic Ganglion of the crustacean has not been reported so far. In the present experiment, monoclonal antibodies were applied to investigate the immunorecognition of estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) in the brain and the thoracic Ganglion mass of Scylla paramamosain. The results showed that the distribution of the immunopositive substances of ER and AR was extremely similar. They distributed in the protocerebrum, deutocerebrum and tritocerebrum of the brain, and mainly in protocerebrum. In the thoracic Ganglion mass, immunopositive substances distributed in the Subesophageal Ganglion, thoracic Ganglion and abdominal Ganglion, and mostly in Subesophageal Ganglion. Immunopositive substances of ER and AR mostly existed in the cytoplasm of neurons. The present study will provide morphological evidence for the origin and the evolution of ER and AR. In addition, the immunoreactivities of ER and AR suggested that the estrogen and androgen may be involved in the feedback regulation of crustacean neuroendocrine.
Wolfgang Blenau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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amtyr1 characterization of a gene from honeybee apis mellifera brain encoding a functional tyramine receptor
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Wolfgang Blenau, Sabine Balfanz, Arnd BaumannAbstract:Biogenic amine receptors are involved in the regulation and modulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We have cloned a member of this gene family from the CNS of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The deduced amino acid sequence is homologous to tyramine receptors cloned from Locusta migratoria and Drosophila melanogaster as well as to an octopamine receptor cloned from Heliothis virescens. Functional properties of the honeybee receptor were studied in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Tyramine reduced forskolin-induced cyclic AMP production in a dose-dependent manner with an EC50 of approximately 130 nM. A similar effect of tyramine was observed in membrane homogenates of honeybee brains. Octopamine also reduced cyclic AMP production in the transfected cell line but was both less potent (EC50 of approximately 3 microM) and less efficacious than tyramine. Receptor-encoding mRNA has a wide-spread distribution in the brain and Subesophageal Ganglion of the honeybee, suggesting that this tyramine receptor is involved in sensory signal processing as well as in higher-order brain functions.
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Amtyr1: Characterization of a gene from honeybee (Apis mellifera) brain encoding a functional tyramine receptor
Journal of Neurochemistry, 2000Co-Authors: Wolfgang Blenau, Sabine Balfanz, Arnd BaumannAbstract:Biogenic amine receptors are involved in the regulation and modulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We have cloned a member of this gene family from the CNS of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The deduced amino acid sequence is homologous to tyramine receptors cloned from Locusta migratoria and Drosophila melanogaster as well as to an octopamine receptor cloned from Heliothis virescens. Functional properties of the honeybee receptor were studied in stably transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells. Tyramine reduced forskolin-induced cyclic AMP production in a dose-dependent manner with an EC 50 of ~130 nM. A similar effect of tyramine was observed in membrane homogenates of honeybee brains. Octopamine also reduced cyclic AMP production in the transfected cell line but was both less potent (EC 50 of ~3 μM) and less efficacious than tyramine. Receptor-encoding mRNA has a widespread distribution in the brain and Subesophageal Ganglion of the honeybee, suggesting that this tyramine receptor is involved in sensory signal processing as well as in higher-order brain functions.
Amir Ayali - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the functional connectivity between the locust leg pattern generators and the Subesophageal Ganglion higher motor center
Neuroscience Letters, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Hansjoachim Pfluger, Amir AyaliAbstract:Abstract Higher motor centers and central pattern generators (CPGs) interact in the control of coordinated leg movements during locomotion throughout the animal kingdom. The Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) is one of the insect head ganglia reported to have a role in the control of walking behavior. Here we explored the functional relations between the SEG and the thoracic leg CPGs in the desert locust. Backfill staining revealed about 300 SEG descending interneurons (DINs) altogether. Recordings from an in-vitro isolated chain of thoracic ganglia, with intact or severed connections to the SEG, during pharmacological activation were used to determine how the SEG affects the centrally generated motor output to the legs. The SEG was demonstrated to both activate leg CPGs and synchronize their bilateral activity. The role of the SEG in insect locomotion is discussed in light of these findings.
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the Subesophageal Ganglion modulates locust inter leg sensory motor interactions via contralateral pathways
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Amir Ayali, Johanna Woerner, Einat CouzinfuchsAbstract:The neural control of insect locomotion is distributed among various body segments. Local pattern-generating circuits at the thoracic ganglia interact with incoming sensory signals and central descending commands from the head ganglia. The evidence from different insect preparations suggests that the Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) may play an important role in locomotion-related tasks. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the locust SEG modulates the coupling pattern between segmental leg CPGs in the absence of sensory feedback. Here, we investigated its role in processing and transmitting sensory information to the leg motor centers, and mapped the major related neural pathways. Specifically, the intra- and inter-segmental transfer of leg-feedback were studied by simultaneously monitoring motor responses and descending signals from the SEG. Our findings reveal a crucial role of the SEG in the transfer of intersegmental, but not intrasegmental, signals. Additional lesion experiments, in which the intersegmental connectives were cut at different locations, together with double nerve staining, indicated that sensory signals are mainly transferred to the SEG via the connective contralateral to the stimulated leg. We therefore suggest that, similar to data reported for vertebrates, insect leg sensory-motor loops comprise contralateral ascending pathways to the head and ipsilateral descending ones.
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the functional connectivity between the locust leg pattern generating networks and the Subesophageal Ganglion higher motor center
bioRxiv, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Hansjoachim Pfluger, Amir AyaliAbstract:Interactions among different neuronal circuits are essential for adaptable coordinated behavior. Specifically, higher motor centers and central pattern generators (CPGs) induce rhythmic leg movements that act in concert in the control of locomotion. Here we explored the relations between the Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) and thoracic leg CPGs in the desert locust. Backfill staining revealed about 300 SEG descending interneurons (DINs) and some overlap with the arborization of DINs and leg motor neurons. In accordance, in in-vitro preparations, electrical stimulation applied to the SEG excited these neurons, and in some cases also induced CPGs activity. Additionally, we found that the SEG regulates the coupling pattern among the CPGs: when the CPGs were activated pharmacologically, inputs from the SEG were able to synchronize contralateral CPGs. This motor output was correlated to the firing of SEG descending and local interneurons. Altogether, these findings point to a role of the SEG in both activating leg CPGs and in coordinating their oscillations, and suggest parallels between the SEG and the brainstem of vertebrates.
Jan Rillich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the functional connectivity between the locust leg pattern generators and the Subesophageal Ganglion higher motor center
Neuroscience Letters, 2019Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Hansjoachim Pfluger, Amir AyaliAbstract:Abstract Higher motor centers and central pattern generators (CPGs) interact in the control of coordinated leg movements during locomotion throughout the animal kingdom. The Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) is one of the insect head ganglia reported to have a role in the control of walking behavior. Here we explored the functional relations between the SEG and the thoracic leg CPGs in the desert locust. Backfill staining revealed about 300 SEG descending interneurons (DINs) altogether. Recordings from an in-vitro isolated chain of thoracic ganglia, with intact or severed connections to the SEG, during pharmacological activation were used to determine how the SEG affects the centrally generated motor output to the legs. The SEG was demonstrated to both activate leg CPGs and synchronize their bilateral activity. The role of the SEG in insect locomotion is discussed in light of these findings.
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the Subesophageal Ganglion modulates locust inter leg sensory motor interactions via contralateral pathways
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Amir Ayali, Johanna Woerner, Einat CouzinfuchsAbstract:The neural control of insect locomotion is distributed among various body segments. Local pattern-generating circuits at the thoracic ganglia interact with incoming sensory signals and central descending commands from the head ganglia. The evidence from different insect preparations suggests that the Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) may play an important role in locomotion-related tasks. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the locust SEG modulates the coupling pattern between segmental leg CPGs in the absence of sensory feedback. Here, we investigated its role in processing and transmitting sensory information to the leg motor centers, and mapped the major related neural pathways. Specifically, the intra- and inter-segmental transfer of leg-feedback were studied by simultaneously monitoring motor responses and descending signals from the SEG. Our findings reveal a crucial role of the SEG in the transfer of intersegmental, but not intrasegmental, signals. Additional lesion experiments, in which the intersegmental connectives were cut at different locations, together with double nerve staining, indicated that sensory signals are mainly transferred to the SEG via the connective contralateral to the stimulated leg. We therefore suggest that, similar to data reported for vertebrates, insect leg sensory-motor loops comprise contralateral ascending pathways to the head and ipsilateral descending ones.
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the functional connectivity between the locust leg pattern generating networks and the Subesophageal Ganglion higher motor center
bioRxiv, 2017Co-Authors: Daniel Knebel, Jan Rillich, Leonard Nadler, Hansjoachim Pfluger, Amir AyaliAbstract:Interactions among different neuronal circuits are essential for adaptable coordinated behavior. Specifically, higher motor centers and central pattern generators (CPGs) induce rhythmic leg movements that act in concert in the control of locomotion. Here we explored the relations between the Subesophageal Ganglion (SEG) and thoracic leg CPGs in the desert locust. Backfill staining revealed about 300 SEG descending interneurons (DINs) and some overlap with the arborization of DINs and leg motor neurons. In accordance, in in-vitro preparations, electrical stimulation applied to the SEG excited these neurons, and in some cases also induced CPGs activity. Additionally, we found that the SEG regulates the coupling pattern among the CPGs: when the CPGs were activated pharmacologically, inputs from the SEG were able to synchronize contralateral CPGs. This motor output was correlated to the firing of SEG descending and local interneurons. Altogether, these findings point to a role of the SEG in both activating leg CPGs and in coordinating their oscillations, and suggest parallels between the SEG and the brainstem of vertebrates.
