The Experts below are selected from a list of 21579 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Andrew J Saykin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Subjective Rating of working memory is associated with frontal lobe volume in schizophrenia
Schizophrenia Research, 2010Co-Authors: Matthew A Garlinghouse, Robert M Roth, Peter K Isquith, Laura A Flashman, Andrew J SaykinAbstract:Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia commonly show deficits in working memory on objective neuropsychological measures, and brain imaging studies have documented neural abnormalities during performance of working memory tasks. It remains unclear to what extent such patients are able to accurately gauge the integrity of their working memory in their daily lives. Aims We evaluated the relationship between Subjective Rating of working memory integrity in daily life and volumes of the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes in patients with schizophrenia. Methods Participants included 29 patients with schizophrenia and 26 healthy comparison subjects. Participants completed a structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, the Self Report form of the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function — Adult version (BRIEF-A), and Digit Span Backwards as an objective measure of working memory. Lobar volumes were obtained using an automated processing package and adjusted for total intracranial volume. Results The patient group reported worse working memory in daily life, and performed worse on Digit Span Backwards, than the comparison group. Within the patient group, poorer working memory in daily life was associated with smaller left and right frontal lobe volumes. Shorter backwards digit span was associated with smaller left frontal and left and right temporal lobe volumes. Conclusions The significant relationship between frontal lobe volumes and Subjective working memory in daily life provides some support for the validity of self report measures of cognitive functioning in patients with schizophrenia, and provides further evidence for a contribution of frontal lobe abnormality to executive dysfunction in the illness.
Adrian Park - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a validated Subjective Rating of display quality the maryland visual comfort scale
Surgical Endoscopy and Other Interventional Techniques, 2011Co-Authors: Jacob F Seagull, Erica Sutton, Tommy Lee, Carlos Godinez, Gyusung Lee, Adrian ParkAbstract:Minimally invasive surgery requires high-quality imaging to provide effective visual displays to surgeons. Whereas objective measures—pixels, resolution, display size, contrast ratio—are used to compare imaging systems, there are no tools for assessing the perceptual impact of these physical measures. We developed the “Maryland Visual Comfort Scale” (MVCS) to measure perceptual qualities in relation to an imaging system. We theorize that what the surgeon perceives as a high-quality image can be summarized by a scoring of seven characteristics related to human perception, and that image quality is not homogenous across a video display such that object location impacts perception and display quality. We created a Rating scale for seven dimensions of display characteristics (contrast, detail, brightness, lighting uniformity, focus uniformity, color, sharpness). For validation, 30 participants viewed test patterns and manipulated physiologic images, Rating the image quality for all seven dimensions as well as giving an overall Rating. Image Ratings for contrast and detail dimensions were assessed across five locations on the video display. For Ratings, two imaging systems were used, differing primarily in the 10-mm zero-degree scope’s quality: a standard scope and one taken from service for quality degradation. The Rating scale was sensitive to differences in scope quality for all seven items in the MVCS (all p values < 0.01). Significant differences existed between quality Ratings at central and peripheral locations (p < 0.05). This seven-item Rating scale for assessing visual comfort is reliable and sensitive to scope quality differences. The scale is sensitive to degradation of image quality at video display edges. These seven dimensions of display characteristics can be refined to create a psychometric to serve as a composite of perceptual quality in laparoscopy.
Tessa R Flood - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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oral l menthol reduces thermal sensation increases work rate and extends time to exhaustion in the heat at a fixed Rating of perceived exertion
European Journal of Applied Physiology, 2017Co-Authors: Tessa R Flood, Mark Waldron, Owen JeffriesAbstract:Purpose The study investigated the effect of a non-thermal cooling agent, l-menthol, on exercise at a fixed Subjective Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) in a hot environment.
H H Bulthoff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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continuous Subjective Rating of perceived motion incongruence during driving simulation
IEEE Transactions on Human-Machine Systems, 2018Co-Authors: D Cleij, Joost Venrooij, P Pretto, D M Pool, Max Mulder, H H BulthoffAbstract:Motion cueing algorithms are used in motion simulation to map the inertial vehicle motion onto the limited simulator motion space. This mapping causes mismatches between the unrestricted visual motion and the constrained inertial motion, which results in perceived motion incongruence (PMI). It is still largely unknown what exactly causes visual and inertial motion in a simulator to be perceived as incongruent. Current methods for measuring motion incongruence during motion simulation result in time-invariant measures of the overall incongruence, which makes it difficult to determine the relevance of the individual and short-duration mismatches between visual and inertial motion cues. In this paper, a novel method is presented to Subjectively measure the time-varying PMI continuously throughout a simulation. The method is analyzed for reliability and validity of its measurements, as well as for its applicability in relating physical short-duration cueing errors to PMI. The analysis shows that the method is reliable and that the results can be used to obtain a deeper insight into the formation of motion incongruence during driving simulation.
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continuous Rating of perceived visual inertial motion incoherence during driving simulation
Proceedings of the DSC Driving Simulation Conference 2015 Europe Tubingen (Germany) 16-18 Sept. 2015, 2015Co-Authors: D Cleij, Joost Venrooij, P Pretto, D M Pool, Max Mulder, H H BulthoffAbstract:Motion cueing algorithms (MCA) are used in motion simulation to map the inertial vehicle motions onto the simulator motion space. To increase fidelity of the motion simulation, these MCAs are tuned to minimize the perceived incoherence between the visual and inertial motion cues. Despite time-invariant MCA dynamics the incoherence is not constant, but changes over time. Currently used methods to measure the quality of an MCA focus on the overall differences between MCAs, but lack the ability to detect how quality varies over time and how this influences the overall quality judgement. This paper describes a continuous Subjective Rating method with which perceived motion incoherence can be detected over time. An experiment was performed to show the suitability of this method for measuring motion incoherence. The experiment results were used to validate the continuous Rating method and showed it provides important additional information on the perceived motion incoherence during a simulation compared to an offline Rating method.
A J Thompson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the role of botulinum toxin in the management of focal hypertonia in adults
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 2000Co-Authors: Davina Richardson, Geoff Sheean, David J Werring, Margi Desai, Susan Edwards, Richard Greenwood, A J ThompsonAbstract:Objectives—To investigate the eVects of EMG guided botulinum toxin (BTX-A) on impairment and focal disability in adults presenting with focal hypertonia. Methods—A prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, parallel group trial was carried out with standardised assessment before and at 3 week intervals until 12 weeks after injection, in patients with focal hypertonia aVecting upper or lower limbs. Botulinum toxin or placebo was injected with EMG guidance after multidisciplinary assessment. The modified Ashworth scale of spasticity, percentage passive range of joint motion, Subjective Rating of problem severity, the Rivermead motor assessment scale, a timed 10 metre walk (lower limb patients), nine hole peg test (upper limb patients), and a modified goal attainment scale were used as outcome measures. The patients were 52 adults; 34 male, 18 female; mean age 40.31, range 16‐79 years; mean duration of symptoms 35 months (range 3 months to 22 years). Diagnoses included cerebrovascular accidents (23), head injury (12), incomplete spinal cord injury (six), tumour (five), cerebral palsy (three), and anoxic episodes (three). Results—For each variable an overall score for the treatment period was computed by summing the scores from the 3, 6, 9, and 12 week assessments. These overall scores were significantly better in the treated group for the Ashworth scale, percentage passive range of movement, Rivermead lower limb, and Subjective Rating of problem severity. The significant treatment eVect on the Ashworth scale was seen on analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 3 weeks and the Subjective Rating of problem severity at 3 and 6 weeks. The goal attainment scale score in both groups was similar at 12 weeks. Conclusion—Selective use of botulinum toxin to weaken muscles can lead to a reduction in resistance to passive movement about a distal limb joint. This allows for improvements in passive range of movement and focal disability, particularly in patients presenting with focal spasticity of the lower limb. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;69:499‐506)
