Subthalamus

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David A. Edwards - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Preoptic and subthalamic connections with the caudal brainstem are important for copulation in the male rat.
    Behavioral neuroscience, 1994
    Co-Authors: Claire-anne Maillard-gutekunst, David A. Edwards
    Abstract:

    Bilateral lesions of either the medial preoptic area/anterior hypothalamus (MPAH) or a subthalamic region that includes the caudal zona incerta eliminate copulation in male rats. Pathways connecting the MPAH and Subthalamus with the caudal brainstem may help regulate sexual behavior. Experiment 1 showed that bilateral coronal transections of the pontine tegmentum reduce mating and that the combination of a unilateral tegmental cut with a contralateral excitotoxin lesion of either the MPAH (Experiment 2) or Subthalamus (Experiment 3) virtually eliminates copulation. Asymmetric bilateral damage appears to eliminate mating through a bilateral effect common to the transection and the lesion--the destruction of connections linking the MPAH and Subthalamus with the caudal brainstem. These results indicate that preoptic and subthalamic connections with the caudal brainstem are important for copulation in the male rat.

  • Excitotoxin lesions of the zona incerta/lateral tegmentum continuum : effects on male sexual behavior in rats
    Behavioural Brain Research, 1991
    Co-Authors: Claire-anne Maillard, David A. Edwards
    Abstract:

    In male rats, ibotenic acid and N -methul- d -aspartic acid were used to destroy neuronal perikarya intrinsic to an anterior-posterior continuum including the caudal zona incerta and lateral tegmentum. Some lesions virtually eliminated male sexual behavior-an effect most closely associated with damage to the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta. Many lesioned males who copulated to ejaculation with normally active females showed litter or no mating with receptive, but relatively inactive, females. Although it is possible to identify a critical region within the Subthalamus whose destruction eliminates male sexual behaviour, sexually-relevant neuronal cell bodies appear to be distributed throughout the lateral hypothalamic/incertal/tegmental continuum.

  • excitotoxin lesions of the zona incerta lateral tegmentum continuum effects on male sexual behavior in rats
    Behavioural Brain Research, 1991
    Co-Authors: Claire-anne Maillard, David A. Edwards
    Abstract:

    In male rats, ibotenic acid and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid were used to destroy neuronal perikarya intrinsic to an anterior-posterior continuum including the caudal zona incerta and lateral tegmentum. Some lesions virtually eliminated male sexual behavior - an effect most closely associated with damage to the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta. Many lesioned males who copulated to ejaculation with normally active females showed little or no mating with receptive, but relatively inactive, females. Although it is possible to identify a critical region within the Subthalamus whose destruction eliminates male sexual behaviour, sexually-relevant neuronal cell bodies appear to be distributed throughout the lateral hypothalamic/incertal/tegmental continuum.

Claire-anne Maillard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Excitotoxin lesions of the zona incerta/lateral tegmentum continuum : effects on male sexual behavior in rats
    Behavioural Brain Research, 1991
    Co-Authors: Claire-anne Maillard, David A. Edwards
    Abstract:

    In male rats, ibotenic acid and N -methul- d -aspartic acid were used to destroy neuronal perikarya intrinsic to an anterior-posterior continuum including the caudal zona incerta and lateral tegmentum. Some lesions virtually eliminated male sexual behavior-an effect most closely associated with damage to the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta. Many lesioned males who copulated to ejaculation with normally active females showed litter or no mating with receptive, but relatively inactive, females. Although it is possible to identify a critical region within the Subthalamus whose destruction eliminates male sexual behaviour, sexually-relevant neuronal cell bodies appear to be distributed throughout the lateral hypothalamic/incertal/tegmental continuum.

  • excitotoxin lesions of the zona incerta lateral tegmentum continuum effects on male sexual behavior in rats
    Behavioural Brain Research, 1991
    Co-Authors: Claire-anne Maillard, David A. Edwards
    Abstract:

    In male rats, ibotenic acid and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid were used to destroy neuronal perikarya intrinsic to an anterior-posterior continuum including the caudal zona incerta and lateral tegmentum. Some lesions virtually eliminated male sexual behavior - an effect most closely associated with damage to the lateral hypothalamus and zona incerta. Many lesioned males who copulated to ejaculation with normally active females showed little or no mating with receptive, but relatively inactive, females. Although it is possible to identify a critical region within the Subthalamus whose destruction eliminates male sexual behaviour, sexually-relevant neuronal cell bodies appear to be distributed throughout the lateral hypothalamic/incertal/tegmental continuum.

Glenda M Halliday - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Clinicopathological aspects of motor parkinsonism
    Parkinsonism & Related Disorders, 2007
    Co-Authors: Glenda M Halliday
    Abstract:

    Motor parkinsonism is characterised by bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, postural instability and resting tremor that occur most often in Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy and progressive supranuclear palsy. In all three disorders the main regulators of the caudate nucleus and putamen (dopaminergic substantia nigra and glutaminergic caudal intralaminar nuclei), as well as the cortical projection from the presupplementary motor area, degenerate. Degeneration of the major basal ganglia circuit neurons also occurs in multiple system atrophy, while degeneration of the Subthalamus and a widespread loss of inhibitory interneurons within the extrapyramidal system occurs in progressive supranuclear palsy.

  • The external globus pallidus in patients with Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.
    Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 1999
    Co-Authors: Craig D. Hardman, Glenda M Halliday
    Abstract:

    Underactivity of the external segment of the globus pallidus is thought to contribute to the generation of parkinsonian hypokinetic symptoms in association with striatal dopaminergic dysfunction and overactivity of the Subthalamus. These symptoms can be corrected by neurosurgical techniques aimed at normalizing subthalamic overactivity. The aim of the present study was to compare the amount of neurodegeneration and changes in the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin in the external segment of the globus pallidus in parkinsonian disorders. Cases with progressive supranuclear palsy were compared with cases with Parkinson's disease and control subjects. The number of neurones and neurofibrillary tangles was estimated using unbiased stereologic techniques. The external segment of the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease was not significantly different from that in control subjects. In contrast, most patients with progressive supranuclear palsy had significant neurodegeneration of the external pallidum, particularly patients with significant degeneration of both the Subthalamus and substantia nigra. These results suggest that the parkinsonian symptoms in progressive supranuclear palsy are caused by the degeneration of the external segment of the globus pallidus because such degeneration would increase thalamic inhibition through the basal ganglia output nuclei, particularly in patients with a loss of excitatory drive from the Subthalamus.

  • The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy.
    Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 1997
    Co-Authors: Craig D. Hardman, D.a. Mcritchie, Glenda M Halliday, John G. Morris
    Abstract:

    The Subthalamus has become a promising target for the neurosurgical treatment of parkinsonian symptoms. We have used unbiased counting techniques to quantify the neuronal populations of the subthalamic nucleus in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. In addition, the type of calcium binding proteins contained within these subthalamic neurons was established using immunohistochemistry. Most of the 550,000 subthalamic neurons contain either parvalbumin or calretinin calcium binding proteins, and patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease sustained no damage to this nucleus. This is consistent with current theories of basal ganglia circuitry, which postulate that overstimulation of this excitatory nucleus contributes to the inhibition of the motor thalamus via the activation of inhibitory relays. In contrast, we found that there was substantial cell loss in the Subthalamus in progressive supranuclear palsy (45 to 85% neuronal reduction) and that both cell types were equally affected. Extracellular neurofibrillary tangles as well as tau-positive glia were observed in the Subthalamus of these cases. As the patients with Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy all had overlapping parkinsonian symptoms, the loss of subthalamic stimulation within the basal ganglia of progressive supranuclear palsy cases is puzzling, unless their parkinsonian symptoms were generated by an alternate mechanism.

C. Von Monakow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Wayne State University - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

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