The Experts below are selected from a list of 195 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Sandra Steiger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Finding a fresh carcass: bacterially derived volatiles and burying beetle search success
Chemoecology, 2020Co-Authors: Stephen T. Trumbo, Sandra SteigerAbstract:When burying beetles first emerge as adults, they search for well-rotted carcasses with fly maggots on which to feed. After attaining reproductive competence, they switch their search and respond to a small, fresh carcass to prepare for their brood. Because the cues used to locate a feeding versus a breeding resource both originate from carrion, the beetles must respond to subtle changes in volatiles during decomposition. We investigated cues used to locate a fresh carcass in the field by (1) a general Subtractive Method, applying an antibacterial or antifungal compound to reduce microbially derived volatiles, and (2) a specific additive Method, placing chemical supplements near a fresh carcass. Five sulfur-containing compounds, known to result from bacterial metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, were studied: dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), methyl thiolacetate (MeSAc, also known as S -methyl thioacetate), and methyl thiocyanate (MeSCN). When a carcass aged for 48 h was treated with an antibacterial compound to reduce volatiles, there was a 59% decrease in beetles discovering the resource. The addition of the chemical supplement MeSAc had no effect on discovery of a fresh carcass, while DMS and DMDS had a limited ability to attract breeding beetles. The chemical that was least well known, MeSCN, increased beetle numbers by 200–800% on a fresh carcass and almost guaranteed discovery. DMTS, which is known to attract a variety of carrion insects, was the only compound to significantly reduce beetle presence at a fresh carcass. A laboratory experiment demonstrated that DMTS does not directly inhibit breeding, suggesting that DMTS deters breeding beetles while they fly.
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Finding A Fresh Carcass: Bacterially-Derived Volatiles And Burying Beetle Search Success
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Stephen T. Trumbo, Sandra SteigerAbstract:When burying beetles first emerge as adults, they search for well-rotted carcasses with fly maggots on which to feed. After attaining reproductive competence, they switch their search and respond to a small, fresh carcass to prepare for their brood. Because the cues used to locate a feeding versus a breeding resource both originate from carrion, the beetles must respond to subtle changes in volatiles during decomposition. We investigated cues used to locate a fresh carcass in the field by (1) a general Subtractive Method, applying an antibacterial or antifungal to reduce volatiles, and (2) a specific additive Method, placing chemicals near a fresh carcass. Five sulfur-containing compounds were studied: dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), methyl thiolacetate (MeSAc) and methyl thiocyanate (MeSCN). For the sulfides, we predicted that DMS would be the most attractive and DMTS the least attractive because of differences in the timing of peak production. We made no a priori predictions for MeSAc and MeSCN. Antibacterial treatment of a carcass aged for 48 h resulted in a 59% decrease in beetles discovering the resource. The addition of MsSAc had no effect on discovery of a fresh carcass, while DMS and DMDS had a limited ability to attract breeding beetles. The chemical that was least well known, MeSCN, had a remarkable effect, increasing beetle numbers by 200-800% on a fresh carcass and almost guaranteeing discovery. DMTS, which is known to attract a variety of carrion insects, was the only compound to significantly reduce beetle presence at a fresh carcass. A laboratory experiment demonstrated that DMTS does not directly inhibit breeding, suggesting that DMTS deters breeding beetles while they fly.
J. Tajima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ICIP (3) - Selective color correction for arbitrary hues
Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing, 1997Co-Authors: A. Inoue, J. TajimaAbstract:This paper proposes new selective color correction Methods for digital color images, which do not require masking of the correction area. The most commonly employed Method can only effectively correct pixels containing one of six specific hues (R.G.B.C.M.Y). In response to this situation, the authors have developed two new selective color correction Methods, the HSV Method and the RGB Subtractive Method, both of which can be applied to arbitrary hues within a adjustable hue range. In actual testing, the Methods have produced excellent results, and may be expected to make it easier for users to retouch photograph images.
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Selective color correction for arbitrary hues
Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing, 1997Co-Authors: A. Inoue, J. TajimaAbstract:This paper proposes new selective color correction Methods for digital color images, which do not require masking of the correction area. The most commonly employed Method can only effectively correct pixels containing one of six specific hues (R.G.B.C.M.Y). In response to this situation, the authors have developed two new selective color correction Methods, the HSV Method and the RGB Subtractive Method, both of which can be applied to arbitrary hues within a adjustable hue range. In actual testing, the Methods have produced excellent results, and may be expected to make it easier for users to retouch photograph images.
R. Kronland-martinet - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Analysis-synthesis of impact sounds by real-time dynamic filtering
IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing, 2006Co-Authors: M. Aramaki, R. Kronland-martinetAbstract:This paper presents a sound synthesis model that reproduces impact sounds by taking into account both the perceptual and the physical aspects of the sound. For that, we used a Subtractive Method based on dynamic filtering of noisy input signals that simulates the damping of spectral components. The resulting sound contains the perceptual characteristics of an impact on a given material. Further, the addition of very few modal contributions-using additive or banded digital waveguide synthesis-together with a bandpass filtering taking into account the interaction with the excitator, allows realistic impact sounds to be synthesized. The synthesis parameters can be linked to a perceptual notion of material and geometry of the sounding object. To determine the synthesis parameters, we further address the problem of analysis-synthesis aiming at reconstructing a given impact sound. The physical parameters are extracted through a time-scale analysis of natural sounds. Examples are presented for sounds generated by impacting plates made of different materials and a piano soundboard.
Stephen T. Trumbo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Finding a fresh carcass: bacterially derived volatiles and burying beetle search success
Chemoecology, 2020Co-Authors: Stephen T. Trumbo, Sandra SteigerAbstract:When burying beetles first emerge as adults, they search for well-rotted carcasses with fly maggots on which to feed. After attaining reproductive competence, they switch their search and respond to a small, fresh carcass to prepare for their brood. Because the cues used to locate a feeding versus a breeding resource both originate from carrion, the beetles must respond to subtle changes in volatiles during decomposition. We investigated cues used to locate a fresh carcass in the field by (1) a general Subtractive Method, applying an antibacterial or antifungal compound to reduce microbially derived volatiles, and (2) a specific additive Method, placing chemical supplements near a fresh carcass. Five sulfur-containing compounds, known to result from bacterial metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids, were studied: dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), methyl thiolacetate (MeSAc, also known as S -methyl thioacetate), and methyl thiocyanate (MeSCN). When a carcass aged for 48 h was treated with an antibacterial compound to reduce volatiles, there was a 59% decrease in beetles discovering the resource. The addition of the chemical supplement MeSAc had no effect on discovery of a fresh carcass, while DMS and DMDS had a limited ability to attract breeding beetles. The chemical that was least well known, MeSCN, increased beetle numbers by 200–800% on a fresh carcass and almost guaranteed discovery. DMTS, which is known to attract a variety of carrion insects, was the only compound to significantly reduce beetle presence at a fresh carcass. A laboratory experiment demonstrated that DMTS does not directly inhibit breeding, suggesting that DMTS deters breeding beetles while they fly.
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Finding A Fresh Carcass: Bacterially-Derived Volatiles And Burying Beetle Search Success
bioRxiv, 2020Co-Authors: Stephen T. Trumbo, Sandra SteigerAbstract:When burying beetles first emerge as adults, they search for well-rotted carcasses with fly maggots on which to feed. After attaining reproductive competence, they switch their search and respond to a small, fresh carcass to prepare for their brood. Because the cues used to locate a feeding versus a breeding resource both originate from carrion, the beetles must respond to subtle changes in volatiles during decomposition. We investigated cues used to locate a fresh carcass in the field by (1) a general Subtractive Method, applying an antibacterial or antifungal to reduce volatiles, and (2) a specific additive Method, placing chemicals near a fresh carcass. Five sulfur-containing compounds were studied: dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), methyl thiolacetate (MeSAc) and methyl thiocyanate (MeSCN). For the sulfides, we predicted that DMS would be the most attractive and DMTS the least attractive because of differences in the timing of peak production. We made no a priori predictions for MeSAc and MeSCN. Antibacterial treatment of a carcass aged for 48 h resulted in a 59% decrease in beetles discovering the resource. The addition of MsSAc had no effect on discovery of a fresh carcass, while DMS and DMDS had a limited ability to attract breeding beetles. The chemical that was least well known, MeSCN, had a remarkable effect, increasing beetle numbers by 200-800% on a fresh carcass and almost guaranteeing discovery. DMTS, which is known to attract a variety of carrion insects, was the only compound to significantly reduce beetle presence at a fresh carcass. A laboratory experiment demonstrated that DMTS does not directly inhibit breeding, suggesting that DMTS deters breeding beetles while they fly.
Jian Lian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Change detection of landslides and debris in south Taiwan after “Morakot” typhoon based on HJ-1-B Satellite images
2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2010Co-Authors: Lili Tang, Deyong Hu, Xiaojuan Li, Jian LianAbstract:The 0908 typhoon “Morakot” heavily attacked Taiwan. It brought strong rainfall which not only caused water level rise in several reservoirs and rivers, but also triggered a large number of landslides, debris flow, collapse and other geological disasters. In this paper, using NDVI(Normal Differential Vegetation Index) Subtractive Method, together with band combination symbol coding Method, “Morakot” induced changes in south Taiwan were fast detected based on HJ-1-B (Environment and Disaster Monitoring Satellites Constellation 1) remote sensing data. The areas where geological disasters and hydrology (including reservoirs and rivers) changes occurred were extracted, and then the results were analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that NDVI Subtractive Method could well detect the quantities and size of landslides and debris, as well as enlarged area of reservoirs and rivers, and proves to be a fast and effective approach for the monitoring and assessment of typhoon-induced changes.
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IGARSS - Change detection of landslides and debris in south Taiwan after “Morakot” typhoon based on HJ-1-B Satellite images
2010 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2010Co-Authors: Lili Tang, Deyong Hu, Xiaojuan Li, Jian LianAbstract:The 0908 typhoon “Morakot” heavily attacked Taiwan. It brought strong rainfall which not only caused water level rise in several reservoirs and rivers, but also triggered a large number of landslides, debris flow, collapse and other geological disasters. In this paper, using NDVI(Normal Differential Vegetation Index) Subtractive Method, together with band combination symbol coding Method, “Morakot” induced changes in south Taiwan were fast detected based on HJ-1-B (Environment and Disaster Monitoring Satellites Constellation 1) remote sensing data. The areas where geological disasters and hydrology (including reservoirs and rivers) changes occurred were extracted, and then the results were analyzed quantitatively. The results showed that NDVI Subtractive Method could well detect the quantities and size of landslides and debris, as well as enlarged area of reservoirs and rivers, and proves to be a fast and effective approach for the monitoring and assessment of typhoon-induced changes.
