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Christina Ellervik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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prevalence and phenotypes of jak2 v617f and calreticulin mutations in a danish general Population
Blood, 2019Co-Authors: Sabrina Cordua, Lasse Kjaer, Vibe Skov, Niels Pallisgaard, Hans Carl Hasselbalch, Christina EllervikAbstract:The JAK2 V617F and calreticulin mutations (CALR) are frequent within myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). JAK2 V617F has been detected in the general Population, but no studies have previously investigated the CALR prevalence. Thus, we aimed to determine the CALR and JAK2 V617F Population prevalence and assess the biochemical profile and lifestyle factors in mutation-positive individuals with and without MPN. 19 958 eligible participants, enrolled from 2010-2013, from the Danish General Suburban Population Study were screened for JAK2 V617F and CALR by droplet digital polymerase chain reaction with (3.2%) mutation positives of which 16 (2.5%) had MPN at baseline. Of 645 participants, 613 were JAK2 V617F positive, and 32 were CALR positive, corresponding to a Population prevalence of 3.1% (confidence interval [CI], 2.8-3.3) and 0.16% (CI, 0.11-0.23), respectively. Increasing age, smoking, and alcohol were risk factors for the mutations. JAK2 V617F positives with and without MPN presented elevated odds for prevalent venous thromboembolism. The odds ratio for a diagnosis of MPN per percentage allele burden was 1.14 (95% CI, 1.09-1.18; P = 1.6 × 10−10). Mutation positives displayed higher blood cell counts than nonmutated participants, and 42% of mutation positives without MPN presented elevation of ≥1 blood cell counts; 80 (13%) even presented blood cell counts in accordance with current MPN diagnostic criteria. In conclusion, we present a novel Population prevalence of CALR and a JAK2 V617F prevalence that is 3 to 30 times higher compared with less sensitive methods. Mutation-positive non-MPNs with elevated blood cell counts raise concerns of MPN underdiagnosis in the Population.
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prenatal smoking exposure and cardio metabolic risk factors in adulthood a general Population study and a meta analysis
International Journal of Obesity, 2019Co-Authors: Christina Ellervik, Yachana Kataria, Lyvia GaewskyAbstract:Prenatal smoking exposure is associated with obesity and other cardio-metabolic risk factors in children, but no previous meta-analysis has been conducted in adults. We investigated the association of prenatal smoking exposure in the Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) with BMI, waist circumference, total cholesterol, type 2 diabetes, gestational type 2 diabetes, and hypertension in adulthood. We subsequently performed a meta-analysis, adding published studies investigating the association between prenatal smoking and the risk of cardio-metabolic outcomes among individuals at least 18 years of age. We included 19 eligible observational studies with various cardio-metabolic outcomes (N = 24,201–308,981 adults). In individuals exposed to prenatal smoking, the pooled random effects adjusted odds ratio were 1.35 (95% CI: 1.16–1.56) for being overweight, 1.46 (1.39–1.54) for being obese, 1.07 (0.89–1.29) for type 2 diabetes, 1.17 (0.92–1.48) for hypertension, and 1.38 (1.19–1.61) for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), compared with no exposure. The standardized means in waist circumference, total cholesterol, diastolic, and systolic blood pressure were not different in individuals exposed vs. not exposed to prenatal smoking. Heterogeneity was moderate to high (51% < I2 < 99%). However, removal of the high heterogeneity removed the associated uncertainty in the point estimate and revealed that prenatal smoking is associated with increased BMI in adulthood. There was also no evidence of publication bias in the meta-analyses. The findings from the meta-analyses suggested that prenatal smoking exposure is associated with an increased odds ratio of overweight, obesity, and GDM in adulthood, but not with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, waist circumference, or total cholesterol. These findings highlight the importance of abstaining from smoking by pregnant women.
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lactase persistence milk intake and adult acne a mendelian randomization study of 20 416 danish adults
Nutrients, 2018Co-Authors: Christian R Juhl, Helle Kirstine Mørup Bergholdt, Gregor B.e. Jemec, I M Miller, Jorgen K Kanters, Christina EllervikAbstract:Whether there is a causal relationship between milk intake and acne is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that genetically determined milk intake is associated with acne in adults using a Mendelian randomization design. LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235) is associated with lactase persistence (TT/TC) in Northern Europeans. We investigated the association between milk intake, LCT-13910 C/T (rs4988235), and acne in 20,416 adults (age-range: 20–96) from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS). The adjusted observational odds ratio for acne in any milk intake vs. no milk intake was 0.93(95% confidence interval: 0.48–1.78) in females and 0.49(0.22–1.08) in males aged 20–39 years, and 1.15(95% confidence interval: 0.66–1.99) in females and 1.02(0.61–1.72) in males above 40 years. The unadjusted odds ratio for acne in TT+TC vs. CC was 0.84(0.43–1.62) in the age group 20–39 years, and 0.99(0.52–1.88) above 40 years. We did not find any observational or genetic association between milk intake and acne in our Population of adults.
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impaired fertility associated with subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity the danish general Suburban Population study
Journal of Pregnancy, 2015Co-Authors: Annedorthe Feldthusen, Christina Ellervik, Palle Pedersen, Jacob Larsen, Tina Toft Kristensen, Jan KvetnyAbstract:Introduction. The aim of this study was to estimate the significance of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in women from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) on the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, and the number of spontaneous abortions. Methods. Retrospective cross sectional study of 11254 women participating in GESUS. Data included biochemical measurements and a self-administrated questionnaire. Results. 6.7% had mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism and 9.4% prevalent hypothyroidism. In women with mild hypothyroidism TPOAb was significantly elevated and age at first child was older compared to controls. TSH and TPOAb were negatively linearly associated with the number of children born and the number of pregnancies in the full cohort in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. TSH or TPOAb was not associated with spontaneous abortions. Mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism was associated with a risk of not having children and a risk of not getting pregnant in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. Prevalent hypothyroidism was not associated with the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, or spontaneous abortions. Conclusion. Impaired fertility is associated with TSH, TPOAb, and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in a Danish Population of women.
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danish rural eye study the association of preschool vision screening with the prevalence of amblyopia
Acta Ophthalmologica, 2015Co-Authors: Tracy B. Høeg, Birgitte Moldow, Christina Ellervik, Kristian Klemp, Ditte Erngaard, Morten La Cour, Helena BuchAbstract:Purpose To determine the prevalence of amblyopia in Denmark before and after the initiation of the Danish national preschool vision screening programme. Methods In a Population-based cross-sectional study, 3826 participants of the Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) aged 20 years and older from a Danish rural municipality received a complete general health examination and an ophthalmological interview and examination. This study included a comprehensive ophthalmologic interview, measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in each eye, Hirschberg's test for strabismus and two 45-degree retinal fundus photographs of each eye. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed when indicated. Results The prevalence of monocular visual impairment (MVI) was 4.26% (95% CI, 3.66–4.95, n = 163). Amblyopia was the most common cause, accounting for 33%. The prevalence of amblyopia was 1.44% (95% CI, 1.01–1.81, n = 55), being higher among non-preschool vision screened persons compared to those who were offered (estimated 95% attendance) preschool vision screening (1.78%, n = 41, 95% CI 1.24–2.33 versus 0.44%, n = 2, 95% CI, 0.12–1.60, p = 0.024). The leading cause of amblyopia was anisometropia (45.5%, 25/55). Conclusions Amblyopia was the most common cause of MVI. Following the initiation of the Danish national preschool vision screening programme, which has an approximate attendance rate of 95%, the prevalence of amblyopia decreased by fourfold.
Irby J Lovette - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP—or opportunities for it—was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Key words: Aphelocoma coerulescens, extrapair paternity, Florida scrub-jay, genetic monogamy. [Behav Ecol]
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP--or opportunities for it--was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
Reed Bowman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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declining egg viability explains higher hatching failure in a Suburban Population of the threatened florida scrub jay aphelocoma coerulescens
Journal of Avian Biology, 2012Co-Authors: Robert A Aldredge, Sonya Christine Leclair, Reed BowmanAbstract:Hatching failure occurs in approximately 10% of all avian eggs, but varies both within and among species. This reduction in viable offspring can have significant fitness consequences for breeding parents; therefore, it is important to understand which factors influence variation in hatching failure among Populations. Previous research suggests that hatching failure is higher in a Suburban than in a wildland Population in the Florida scrub-jay. From 2003 to 2007, we performed two experiments to examine whether increased hatching failure in the suburbs resulted from 1) increased length of off-bouts during incubation (predation risk hypothesis, 2003–2004) or 2) increased exposure to ambient temperature during laying (egg viability hypothesis, 2005–2007). Hatching failure was higher for females that took fewer off-bouts, but the length of those off-bouts did not influence hatching failure. Thus, nest predation risk does not appear to explain higher hatching failure in the suburbs. Alternatively, hatching failure increased with increasing exposure of eggs to ambient conditions during the laying period. First-laid eggs in the suburbs had the greatest pre-incubation exposure to ambient temperature and the greatest rate of hatching failure, consistent with the egg viability hypothesis. Urbanization influences hatching failure through a series of complex interactions. Access to predictable food sources advances mean laying date in Suburban scrub-jays, leading to larger clutch sizes. Because scrub-jays begin incubation with the ultimate egg, first-laid eggs in the suburbs may be exposed to ambient temperatures for longer periods, thus reducing their viability.
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP—or opportunities for it—was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Key words: Aphelocoma coerulescens, extrapair paternity, Florida scrub-jay, genetic monogamy. [Behav Ecol]
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP--or opportunities for it--was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
Andrea K Townsend - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP—or opportunities for it—was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Key words: Aphelocoma coerulescens, extrapair paternity, Florida scrub-jay, genetic monogamy. [Behav Ecol]
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genetic monogamy across variable demographic landscapes in cooperatively breeding florida scrub jays
Behavioral Ecology, 2011Co-Authors: Andrea K Townsend, Reed Bowman, John W Fitzpatrick, Michelle Dent, Irby J LovetteAbstract:Variation in ecological and demographic characteristics may alter the value of extrapair paternity (EPP) for socially monogamous species, thereby leading to variation in mating strategies among conspecific Populations. Environmental factors influencing the need for parental care, and demographic factors influencing relatedness of social pairs or availability of unrelated extrapair partners, are both predicted to influence the direct and indirect benefits of EPP in cooperatively breeding birds. We examined genetic mating strategies in 3 long-term study Populations of cooperatively breeding Florida scrub-jays (FSJs; Aphelocoma coerulescens) in which the value of EPP--or opportunities for it--was likely to vary: a fragmented site with a high frequency of inbreeding (potentially elevating the value of EPP as a means of increasing offspring heterozygosity); a Suburban Population with high rates of brood reduction (potentially elevating the value of shared parental investment); and a wildland site with a high frequency of unrelated breeders and opposite-sex auxiliaries (potentially elevating the opportunity for shared within-group parentage). Despite these differences, genetic monogamy dominated at all sites: 100% of the offspring sampled from the Suburban site (144 offspring) and fragmented site (258 offspring), and 99.5% of offspring from the wildland site (367 of 369 offspring) were produced monogamously. Rare exceptions in our study Populations demonstrate that, even in the FSJ, genetic monogamy is a plastic trait. The near ubiquity of genetic monogamy across 3 ecologically different study sites, however, suggests that this tendency toward monogamy is impervious to the Population-level environmental and social variation that we documented. Copyright 2011, Oxford University Press.
Jan Kvetny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impaired fertility associated with subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity the danish general Suburban Population study
Journal of Pregnancy, 2015Co-Authors: Annedorthe Feldthusen, Christina Ellervik, Palle Pedersen, Jacob Larsen, Tina Toft Kristensen, Jan KvetnyAbstract:Introduction. The aim of this study was to estimate the significance of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb), and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in women from The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) on the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, and the number of spontaneous abortions. Methods. Retrospective cross sectional study of 11254 women participating in GESUS. Data included biochemical measurements and a self-administrated questionnaire. Results. 6.7% had mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism and 9.4% prevalent hypothyroidism. In women with mild hypothyroidism TPOAb was significantly elevated and age at first child was older compared to controls. TSH and TPOAb were negatively linearly associated with the number of children born and the number of pregnancies in the full cohort in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. TSH or TPOAb was not associated with spontaneous abortions. Mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism was associated with a risk of not having children and a risk of not getting pregnant in age-adjusted and multiadjusted models. Prevalent hypothyroidism was not associated with the number of children born, the number of pregnancies, or spontaneous abortions. Conclusion. Impaired fertility is associated with TSH, TPOAb, and mild (subclinical) hypothyroidism in a Danish Population of women.
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well being and depression in individuals with subclinical hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity a general Population study
Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2015Co-Authors: Katrine Fjaellegaard, Jan Kvetny, Peter Allerup, Per Bech, Christina EllervikAbstract:AbstractBackground: The association between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), with and without raised thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), and well-being or depression is still controversial, in spite of many studies on the topic. Aims: In this large general Population study of 8214 individuals, we aim to clarify the significance of elevated levels of anti-TPO as a marker of poor well-being and depression in euthyroid individuals and individuals with SCH. Methods: In participants from the Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS), serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (tT3), free thyroxine (fT4) and anti-TPO was measured. Prevalence of poor well-being and depression was measured using the WHO-5 Well-being questionnaire and WHO MDI [Major (ICD-10) Depression Inventory] questionnaire. Results: Raw score for well-being or depression overall and stratified for sex was not more significantly different in euthyroid individuals than in individuals with SCH, with or without h...
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Study design, participation and characteristics of the Danish General Suburban Population Study.
Danish medical journal, 2013Co-Authors: Helle Kirstine Mørup Bergholdt, Lise Bathum, Jan Kvetny, Dorthe Rasmussen, Birgitte Moldow, Tracy B. Høeg, Gregor B.e. Jemec, Helle Berner-nielsen, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Christina EllervikAbstract:INTRODUCTION: The aim of this article was to describe the study design, participants and baseline characteristics of The Danish General Suburban Population Study (GESUS) and to compare Suburban participants with age- and gender-matched urban participants from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from questionnaire, health examination, biochemical measurements and public registers were collected. RESULTS: In GESUS the overall participation rate was 49.3% (response n = 10,621 of total n = 21,557). Among people aged 40-79 years, the participation rate was 53.9% (8,797/16,310). Participants were more frequently women, had a higher median age, a higher frequency of marriage/ registered partnerships, but had a lower frequency of co
