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Manuel Vazquez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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study of the hydrolysis of Sugar Cane Bagasse using phosphoric acid
Journal of Food Engineering, 2006Co-Authors: Sara Gamez, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Juan J Gonzalezcabriales, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Abstract In the present work, samples of Sugar Cane Bagasse were hydrolysed with phosphoric acid under mild conditions (H 3 PO 4 2–6%, time 0–300 min and 122 °C) to study the feasibility of using the liquid phase as fermentation media. Solid yield, Sugar concentrations and decomposition product concentrations were measured. The composition of hydrolysates, their purity and the ratio Sugars/inhibitors were analyzed. Kinetic models were developed to describe the course of products of the acid hydrolysis. The course of xylose, glucose, arabinose, acetic acid and furfural were satisfactorily described by the models. The optimal conditions selected were 122 °C, 4% H 3 PO 4 and 300 min. Using these conditions, 17.6 g of xylose/l; 2.6 g of arabinose/l; 3.0 g of glucose/l, 1.2 g furfural/l and 4.0 g acetic acid/l were obtained. The efficiency in these conditions was 4.46 g Sugars/g inhibitors and the mass fraction of Sugars in dissolved solids in liquid phase was superior to 55%.
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manufacture of fermentable Sugar solutions from Sugar Cane Bagasse hydrolyzed with phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Sara Gamez, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Sugar Cane Bagasse, a renewable and cheap bioresource, was hydrolyzed at 100 °C using phosphoric acid at different concentrations (2, 4, or 6%) and reaction times (0−300 min) to obtain fermentable Sugar solutions, which have a high concentration of Sugars (carbon source for microorganism growth) and a low concentration of growth inhibitors (acetic acid and furfural). Xylose, glucose, arabinose, acetic acid, and furfural were determined following the hydrolysis. Kinetic parameters of mathematical models for predicting these compounds in the hydrolysates were obtained. Derived parameters such as efficiency of hydrolysis or purity of hydrolysates were considered to select as optimal conditions 6% phosphoric acid at 100 °C for 300 min. Using these conditions, 21.4 g of Sugars L-1 and <4 g of inhibitors L-1 were obtained from the hydrolysis with a water/solid ratio of 8 g of water g-1 of Sugar Cane Bagasse on a dry basis. Keywords: Sugar Cane; Bagasse; xylose; glucose; arabinose; phosphoric acid; kinetic model...
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hydrolysis of Sugar Cane Bagasse using nitric acid a kinetic assessment
Journal of Food Engineering, 2004Co-Authors: Antonio Rodriguezchong, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Abstract Sugar Cane Bagasse was hydrolysed using nitric acid at variable concentration (2–6%), reaction time (0–300 min) and temperature (100–128 °C). The concentration of Sugars released (xylose, glucose and arabinose) and degradation products (acetic acid and furfural) were determined and the kinetic parameters of mathematical models for predicting them in the hydrolysates were obtained. The influence of temperature was also studied using the Arrhenius equation. Applying the kinetic models obtained, the optimal conditions selected were: 122 °C, 6% HNO3 and 9.3 min. Using these conditions, 18.6 g xylose/l; 2.04 g arabinose/l; 2.87 g glucose/l; 0.9 g acetic acid/l and 1.32 g furfural/l were obtained. Comparison of these results with those obtained using sulphuric and hydrochloric acids demonstrated that the nitric acid was the most efficient catalyst for hydrolysis.
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kinetic study of the acid hydrolysis of Sugar Cane Bagasse
Journal of Food Engineering, 2002Co-Authors: R Aguilar, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Economic interest in xylitol production can be enhanced if the needed xylose solutions can be obtained from the hydrolysis of low-cost lignocellulosic wastes. Sugar Cane Bagasse is a renewable, cheap and widely available waste in tropical countries. The hydrolysis of Sugar Cane Bagasse to obtain xylose solutions has a double consequence, the elimination of a waste and the generation of a value-added product. The objective of this work was to study the xylose production from Sugar Cane Bagasse by sulphuric acid hydrolysis at several temperatures (100, 122 and 128 C) and concentrations of acid (2%, 4% and 6%). Kinetic models were developed to explain the variation with time of xylose, glucose, acetic acid and furfural generated in the hydrolysis. Optimal conditions found were 2% H2SO4 at 122 C for 24 min, which yielded a solution with 21.6 g xylose/l, 3 g glucose/l, 0.5 g furfural/l and 3.65 g acetic acid/l. In these conditions, � 90% of the hemicelluloses was hydrolysed. 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Aldo Jose Pinheiro Dillon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cellulases and xylanases production by penicillium echinulatum grown on Sugar Cane Bagasse in solid state fermentation
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2010Co-Authors: Marli Camassola, Aldo Jose Pinheiro DillonAbstract:To investigate the production of cellulases and xylanases from Penicillium echinulatum 9A02S1, solid-state fermentation (SSF) was performed by using different ratios of Sugar Cane Bagasse (SCB) and wheat bran (WB). The greatest filter paper activity obtained was 45.82 ± 1.88 U gdm−1 in a culture containing 6SCB/4WB on the third day. The greatest β-glucosidase activities were 40.13 ± 5.10 U gdm−1 obtained on the third day for the 0SCB/10WB culture and 29.17 ± 1.06 U gdm−1 for the 2SCB/8WB culture. For endoglucanase, the greatest activities were 290.47 ± 43.57 and 276.84 ± 15.47 U gdm−1, for the culture 6SCB/4WB on the fourth and fifth days of cultivation, respectively. The greatest xylanase activities were found on the third day for the cultures 6SCB/4WB (36.38 ± 5.38 U gdm−1) and 4SCB/6WB (37.87 ± 2.26 U gdm−1). In conclusion, the results presented in this article showed that it was possible to obtain large amounts of cellulases and xylanases enzymes using low-cost substrates, such as SCB and WB.
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biological pretreatment of Sugar Cane Bagasse for the production of cellulases and xylanases by penicillium echinulatum
Industrial Crops and Products, 2009Co-Authors: Marli Camassola, Aldo Jose Pinheiro DillonAbstract:Abstract In this study, Sugar Cane Bagasse was pretreated with the white rot fungus Pleurotus sajor-caju PS 2001, and this biomass was subsequently used in the production of cellulases and xylanases by the fungus Penicillium echinulatum . Despite the environmental advantages offered by this type of pretreatment, the enzymatic activity obtained with biologically pretreated Sugar Cane Bagasse (PSCB) was lower than that of the control treatments, which were carried out with untreated Sugar Cane Bagasse (SCB) and cellulose. For medium supplemented with PSCB, the average peak activities obtained were 0.13, 1.0, 0.18, and 0.33 U ml −1 for FPA, endoglucanase, β-glucosidases, and xylanases, respectively. For the cellulose, control values of 0.52, 1.20, 0.20, and 1.46 U ml −1 , and SCB values of 0.95, 1.60, 0.21, and 1.49 U ml −1 were obtained, respectively. Although the enzymatic activities of the culture with biologically pretreated Sugar Cane Bagasse were lower than the cultures carried out with untreated Sugar Cane Bagasse, it should be noted that production of enzymes of the cellulase and hemicellulase complex after production of the mushrooms is another way to add value to this agricultural residue.
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production of cellulases and hemicellulases by penicillium echinulatum grown on pretreated Sugar Cane Bagasse and wheat bran in solid state fermentation
Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2007Co-Authors: Marli Camassola, Aldo Jose Pinheiro DillonAbstract:Aim: To evaluate the solid-state fermentation (SSF) production of cellulase and hemicellulases (xylanases), by Penicillium echinulatum 9A02S1, in experiments carried out with different concentrations of the pretreated Sugar Cane Bagasse (PSCB) and wheat bran (WB). Methods and Results: This study reports the production of xylanolytic and cellulolytic enzymes by P. echinulatum 9A02S1 using a cheap medium containing PSCB and WB under SSF. The highest amounts of filter paper activity (FPA) could be measured on mixtures of PSCB and WB (32·89 ± 1·90 U gdm−1). The highest β-glucosidase activity was 58·95 ± 2·58 U gdm−1 on the fourth day. The highest activity for endoglucanases was 282·36 ± 1·23 U gdm−1 on the fourth day, and for xylanases the activity was around 10 U gdm−1 from the second to the fourth day. Conclusions: The present work has established the potential of P. echinulatum for FPA, endoglucanase, β-glucosidase and xylanase productions in SSF, indicating that WB may be partially substituted by PSCB. Significance and Impact of the Study: The incorporation of cheap sources, such as Sugar Cane Bagasse, into media for the production of lignocellulose enzymes should help decrease the production costs of enzymatic complexes that can hydrolyse lignocellulose residues for the formation of fermented syrups, thus contributing to the economic production of bioethanol.
Eduardo De Moraes Rego Fairbairn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of calcination temperature on the pozzolanic activity of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash
Construction and Building Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, R Toledo D Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Abstract This work presents the results of the processing of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) under controlled calcination conditions in order to obtain materials with optimum pozzolanic activity. Bagasse samples were burnt in an aired electric oven with a heating rate of 10 °C/min, at 350 °C for 3 h, and at different temperatures ranging from 400 to 800 °C for another 3 h. For all calcination temperatures the pozzolanic activity, structural state of silica and loss on ignition of the ashes were determined. Moreover, the SCBA with greater pozzolanicity was characterized by using chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, density, specific surface area and chemical reactivity.
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Characterization of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash for use as pozzolan in cementitious materials
Química Nova, 2009Co-Authors: Romildo Dias Toledo Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:This work presents the results of morphological and physical-chemical characteristics of a Sugar Cane Bagasse ash material sample produced under controlled burning conditions. The investigation was carried out by analyzing chemical composition, X-ray diffraction, 29Si nuclear magnetic resonance, morphology, thermal analysis, particle size, specific surface, and density. Moreover, the pozzolanic activity of the ash was evaluated by pozzolanic activity index and Chapelle's method. The results suggest that the Sugar Cane Bagasse ash has adequate properties to be used as pozzolan in construction materials.
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use of ultra fine Sugar Cane Bagasse ash as mineral admixture for concrete
Aci Materials Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, Romildo Dias Toledo Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Alcohol factories and Sugar boilers generate a combustion byproduct known as Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA). SCBA is composed mainly of silica and can be used as a concrete mineral admixture. Residual ultra-fine SCBA (9, 10, 15 and 20%) were used to produce conventional and high-performance concretes (CCs and HPCs, respectively) as a cement replacement (in mass) in this investigation. Tests performed for these concretes consisted of adiabatic calorimetric, durability, mechanical, and rheological. That concrete mechanical properties were not significantly changed through SCBA use at all replacement levels was indicated by results. When compared with the reference mixtures, there was superior rapid chloride-ion permeability, water sorption capillary, and rheological test performance by the ultra-fine SCBA concretes. Replacing 15% of cement with ultra-fine SCBA substantially decreased (11%) the maximum CC adiabatic temperature rise.
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pozzolanic activity and filler effect of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash in portland cement and lime mortars
Cement & Concrete Composites, 2008Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, Luis Marcelo Tavares, R Toledo D Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) is generated as a combustion by-product from boilers of Sugar and alcohol factories. Composed mainly of silica, this by-product can be used as a mineral admixture in mortar and concrete. Several studies have shown that the use of SCBA as partial Portland cement replacement can improve some properties of cementitious materials. However, it is not yet clear if these improvements are associated to physical or chemical effects. This work investigates the pozzolanic and filler effects of a residual SCBA in mortars. Initially, the influence of particle size of SCBA on the packing density, pozzolanic activity of SCBA and compressive strength of mortars was analyzed. In addition, the behavior of SCBA was compared to that of an insoluble material of the same packing density. The results indicate that SCBA may be classified as a pozzolanic material, but that its activity depends significantly on its particle size and fineness.
Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhancement the properties of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash with high carbon content by a controlled re calcination process
Ksce Journal of Civil Engineering, 2018Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, T R Barroso, R Toledo D FilhoAbstract:In this study, the feasibility and effectiveness of a controlled laboratory re-calcination process was evaluated in order to mitigate the negative effects of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) with high carbon content on hydration and fresh properties of concrete. Measurements of particle size distribution, chemical composition, BET specifc surface area, and pozzolanic activity were realized to characterize the as-received and re-processed SCBA. Moreover, the distinct SCBAs were evaluated based on results of isothermal calorimetry and time of setting by Vicat method in cement-SCBA pastes and compressive strength, Young’s modulus, and water absorption in a 35-MPa concrete. The results showed that the re-calcination process decreased the loss on ignition from 20.9% to 2.1% at laboratory calcination thus increasing the silica content of the ash. Re-burnt SCBA provided the control of setting times and the evolution of the compressive strength of concrete changed with the nature of the used ash with a superior behavior being observed for lab-conditioned re-calcination SCBA.
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effect of mechanical processing on Sugar Cane Bagasse ash pozzolanicity
Cement and Concrete Research, 2017Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, Kimberly E KurtisAbstract:Abstract This work intends to contribute to the understanding about the effect of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) on the hydration of cement-based pastes by focusing on the influence of different particle size (or specific surface area). Isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetry, chemical shrinkage, and strength pozzolanic index tests were performed to compare the hydration and chemical evolution of pastes containing SCBA with different fineness and pastes with inert (quartz) and pozzolanic (rice husk ash) materials. The results showed that a clear change in the kinetics of hydration and portlandite content by comparing the SCBA with different particle sizes. In addition, the different SCBAs had a marked effect on the chemical shrinkage and portlandite, with an intermediate behavior between the pastes with quartz and rice husk ash. Finally, with increasing in specific surface area and soluble fraction of SCBA, its pozzolanic activity was progressively enhanced due to both portlandite consumption and physical effects.
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effect of calcination temperature on the pozzolanic activity of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash
Construction and Building Materials, 2009Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, R Toledo D Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Abstract This work presents the results of the processing of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) under controlled calcination conditions in order to obtain materials with optimum pozzolanic activity. Bagasse samples were burnt in an aired electric oven with a heating rate of 10 °C/min, at 350 °C for 3 h, and at different temperatures ranging from 400 to 800 °C for another 3 h. For all calcination temperatures the pozzolanic activity, structural state of silica and loss on ignition of the ashes were determined. Moreover, the SCBA with greater pozzolanicity was characterized by using chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy, density, specific surface area and chemical reactivity.
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use of ultra fine Sugar Cane Bagasse ash as mineral admixture for concrete
Aci Materials Journal, 2008Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, Romildo Dias Toledo Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Alcohol factories and Sugar boilers generate a combustion byproduct known as Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA). SCBA is composed mainly of silica and can be used as a concrete mineral admixture. Residual ultra-fine SCBA (9, 10, 15 and 20%) were used to produce conventional and high-performance concretes (CCs and HPCs, respectively) as a cement replacement (in mass) in this investigation. Tests performed for these concretes consisted of adiabatic calorimetric, durability, mechanical, and rheological. That concrete mechanical properties were not significantly changed through SCBA use at all replacement levels was indicated by results. When compared with the reference mixtures, there was superior rapid chloride-ion permeability, water sorption capillary, and rheological test performance by the ultra-fine SCBA concretes. Replacing 15% of cement with ultra-fine SCBA substantially decreased (11%) the maximum CC adiabatic temperature rise.
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pozzolanic activity and filler effect of Sugar Cane Bagasse ash in portland cement and lime mortars
Cement & Concrete Composites, 2008Co-Authors: Guilherme Chagas Cordeiro, Luis Marcelo Tavares, R Toledo D Filho, Eduardo De Moraes Rego FairbairnAbstract:Sugar Cane Bagasse ash (SCBA) is generated as a combustion by-product from boilers of Sugar and alcohol factories. Composed mainly of silica, this by-product can be used as a mineral admixture in mortar and concrete. Several studies have shown that the use of SCBA as partial Portland cement replacement can improve some properties of cementitious materials. However, it is not yet clear if these improvements are associated to physical or chemical effects. This work investigates the pozzolanic and filler effects of a residual SCBA in mortars. Initially, the influence of particle size of SCBA on the packing density, pozzolanic activity of SCBA and compressive strength of mortars was analyzed. In addition, the behavior of SCBA was compared to that of an insoluble material of the same packing density. The results indicate that SCBA may be classified as a pozzolanic material, but that its activity depends significantly on its particle size and fineness.
Guido Zacchi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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techno economic evaluation of 2nd generation bioethanol production from Sugar Cane Bagasse and leaves integrated with the Sugar based ethanol process
Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2012Co-Authors: Stefano Macrelli, Johan Mogensen, Guido ZacchiAbstract:Bioethanol produced from the lignocellulosic fractions of Sugar Cane (Bagasse and leaves), i.e. second generation (2G) bioethanol, has a promising market potential as an automotive fuel; however, the process is still under investigation on pilot/demonstration scale. From a process perspective, improvements in plant design can lower the production cost, providing better profitability and competitiveness if the conversion of the whole Sugar Cane is considered. Simulations have been performed with AspenPlus to investigate how process integration can affect the minimum ethanol selling price of this 2G process (MESP-2G), as well as improve the plant energy efficiency. This is achieved by integrating the well-established sucrose-to-bioethanol process with the enzymatic process for lignocellulosic materials. Bagasse and leaves were steam pretreated using H3PO4 as catalyst and separately hydrolysed and fermented. The addition of a steam dryer, doubling of the enzyme dosage in enzymatic hydrolysis, including leaves as raw material in the 2G process, heat integration and the use of more energy-efficient equipment led to a 37% reduction in MESP-2G compared to the Base case. Modelling showed that the MESP for 2G ethanol was 0.97 US$/L, while in the future it could be reduced to 0.78 US$/L. In this case the overall production cost of 1G + 2G ethanol would be about 0.40 US$/L with an output of 102 L/ton dry Sugar Cane including 50% leaves. Sensitivity analysis of the future scenario showed that a 50% decrease in the cost of enzymes, electricity or leaves would lower the MESP-2G by about 20%, 10% and 4.5%, respectively. According to the simulations, the production of 2G bioethanol from Sugar Cane Bagasse and leaves in Brazil is already competitive (without subsidies) with 1G starch-based bioethanol production in Europe. Moreover 2G bioethanol could be produced at a lower cost if subsidies were used to compensate for the opportunity cost from the sale of excess electricity and if the cost of enzymes continues to fall.
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an approach to the utilisation of co2 as impregnating agent in steam pretreatment of Sugar Cane Bagasse and leaves for ethanol production
Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2010Co-Authors: Viridiana Santana Ferreiraleitao, Clarissa Cruz Perrone, Joice Rodrigues, Ana Paula Machado Franke, Stefano Macrelli, Guido ZacchiAbstract:Background The conditions for steam pretreatment of Sugar Cane Bagasse and leaves were studied using CO2 as an impregnating agent. The following conditions were investigated: time (5 to 15 min) and temperature (190 to 220°C). The pretreatment was assessed in terms of glucose and xylose yields after enzymatic hydrolysis and inhibitor formation (furfural and hydroxymethylfurfural) in the pretreatment. Results from pretreatment using SO2 as impregnating agent was used as reference.
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optimizing the saccharification of Sugar Cane Bagasse using dilute phosphoric acid followed by fungal cellulases
Bioresource Technology, 2010Co-Authors: C C Geddes, K T Shanmugam, Jim Peterson, Christian Roslander, Guido Zacchi, M T Mullinnix, Lonnie O IngramAbstract:A low level of phosphoric acid (1% w/w on dry Bagasse basis, 160 degrees C and above, 10 min) was shown to effectively hydrolyze the hemicellulose in Sugar Cane Bagasse into monomers with minimal side reactions and to serve as an effective pre-treatment for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose. Up to 45% of the remaining water-insoluble solids (WIS) was digested to Sugar monomers by a low concentration of Biocellulase W (0.5 filter paper unit/g WIS) supplemented with beta-glucosidase, although much higher levels of cellulase (100-fold) were required for complete hydrolysis. After neutralization and nutrient addition, phosphoric acid syrups of hemicellulose Sugars were fermented by ethanologenic Escherichia coli LY160 without further purification. Fermentation of these syrups was preceded by a lag that increased with increased pre-treatment temperature. Further improvements in organisms and optimization of steam treatments may allow the co-fermentation of Sugars derived from hemicellulose and cellulose, eliminating need for liquid-solid separation, Sugar purification, and separate fermentations. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
