The Experts below are selected from a list of 154953 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nicholas Tarrier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Suicidality and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2015Co-Authors: Maria Panagioti, Patricia A. Gooding, Kalliopi Triantafyllou, Nicholas TarrierAbstract:Purpose There is growing evidence in the literature that a diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an important contributory factor to Suicidality in adolescents. However, there is no existing review of the literature examining the relationship between PTSD and Suicidality in adolescents. This study aims to provide the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between PTSD and Suicidality in adolescents. Methods Five bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science and PILOT) were screened for suitable articles. Twenty-eight studies (which provided 28 independent samples) were included in the review. The overall meta-analyses of the association between PTSD and Suicidality were followed by subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results A highly significant positive association was found between PTSD and Suicidality ( d = 0.701, 95 % CI 0.555–0.848). The subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that the association between PTSD and Suicidality persisted whilst adjusting for various sources of between-study heterogeneity, such as, different levels of severity of Suicidality, target groups, and methodological quality of the studies. Conclusions Suicidality in adolescents with PTSD is a major problem which requires further research effort. The implications of these results are discussed.
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a meta analysis of the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and Suicidality the role of comorbid depression
Comprehensive Psychiatry, 2012Co-Authors: Maria Panagioti, Patricia A. Gooding, Nicholas TarrierAbstract:Abstract Objective A considerable number of studies have reported an increased frequency of suicidal behaviors among individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study aims, first, to provide a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between a PTSD diagnosis and frequency of Suicidality and, second, to examine the role of comorbid depression in the association between Suicidality and PTSD. Methods Searches of Medline (June 2010), EMBASE (June 2010), PsycINFO (June 2010), PILOTS (June 2010), and Web of Science (June 2010) were conducted to identify studies that examined the association between PTSD and Suicidality. The studies had to include an effect size of the association between PTSD and Suicidality to be included in the meta-analysis. Sixty-three studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Overall and subgroup effect sizes were examined. Results A highly significant positive association between a PTSD diagnosis and Suicidality was found. The PTSD-Suicidality association persisted across studies using different measures of Suicidality, current and lifetime PTSD, psychiatric and nonpsychiatric samples, and PTSD populations exposed to different types of traumas. Comorbid major depression significantly compounded the risk for suicide in PTSD populations. Conclusion The current meta-analysis provides strong evidence that a PTSD diagnosis is associated with increased Suicidality. The crucial role of comorbid major depression in the etiology of Suicidality in PTSD is also supported.
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resilience to Suicidality the buffering hypothesis
Clinical Psychology Review, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Johnson, Patricia A. Gooding, Peter J. Taylor, Alex M. Wood, Nicholas TarrierAbstract:Recent years have seen a growing interest into resilience to Suicidality, which has been described as a perception or set of beliefs which buffer individuals from Suicidality in the face of stressors. The current review extends this research by introducing the buffering hypothesis, a framework for the investigation of resilience to Suicidality. The key proposal of this is that psychological resilience factors should be viewed as existing on a separate dimension to risk which acts to moderate the impact of risk on Suicidality. Furthermore, like risk factors, resilience factors are bipolar, with their positive pole conferring resilience and their negative pole acting to amplify Suicidality. Seventy-seven studies were identified which investigated (a) whether psychological moderators of risk exist and (b) the particular psychological constructs which may act as moderators. The review found strong support for the existence of psychological moderators and indicated a moderating impact of attributional style, perfectionism, agency and hopelessness. These findings support the buffering hypothesis and suggest that a range of psychological factors may confer resilience to Suicidality. These results suggest that the identification of moderators may improve estimates of suicide risk and that the development of buffering factors could be a key focus of suicide interventions.
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Prospective predictors of Suicidality: defeat and entrapment lead to changes in suicidal ideation over time.
Suicide & life-threatening behavior, 2011Co-Authors: Peter J. Taylor, Patricia A. Gooding, Alex M. Wood, Judith Johnson, Nicholas TarrierAbstract:Theoretical perspectives into Suicidality have suggested that heightened perceptions of defeat and entrapment lead to Suicidality. However, all previous empirical work has been cross-sectional. We provide the first longitudinal test of the theoretical predictions, in a sample of 79 students who reported Suicidality. Participants completed self-report measures of suicidal ideation, depression, defeat, and entrapment at two time points, approximately 12 months apart. People higher in defeat became more suicidal over time (β= .45), with baseline levels of Suicidality and depressive symptoms controlled. The current results support the posited role of perceived defeat in driving suicidal ideation.
Rona J Strawbridge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of novel genome wide associations for Suicidality in uk biobank genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders and polygenic association with completed suicide
EBioMedicine, 2019Co-Authors: Rona J Strawbridge, Joey Ward, Amy Ferguson, Nicholas Graham, Richard J Shaw, Breda Cullen, Robert Pearsall, Laura M Lyall, Keira J A JohnstonAbstract:Abstract Background Suicide is a major issue for global public health. Suicidality describes a broad spectrum of thoughts and behaviours, some of which are common in the general population. Although suicide results from a complex interaction of multiple social and psychological factors, predisposition to Suicidality is at least partly genetic. Methods Ordinal genome-wide association study of Suicidality in the UK Biobank cohort comparing: ‘no Suicidality’ controls (N = 83,557); ‘thoughts that life was not worth living’ (N = 21,063); ‘ever contemplated self-harm’ (N = 13,038); ‘act of deliberate self-harm in the past’ (N = 2498); and ‘previous suicide attempt’ (N = 2666). Outcomes We identified three novel genome-wide significant loci for Suicidality (on chromosomes nine, 11 and 13) and moderate-to-strong genetic correlations between Suicidality and a range of psychiatric disorders, most notably depression (rg 0·81). Interpretation These findings provide new information about genetic variants relating to increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Future work should assess the extent to which polygenic risk scores for Suicidality, in combination with non-genetic risk factors, may be useful for stratified approaches to suicide prevention at a population level. Fund UKRI Innovation-HDR-UK Fellowship (MR/S003061/1). MRC Mental Health Data Pathfinder Award (MC_PC_17217). MRC Doctoral Training Programme Studentship at the University of Glasgow (MR/K501335/1). MRC Doctoral Training Programme Studentship at the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh. UKRI Innovation Fellowship (MR/R024774/1).
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novel genome wide associations for Suicidality in uk biobank genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders and polygenic association with completed suicide
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rona J Strawbridge, Joey Ward, Amy Ferguson, Nicholas Graham, Richard J Shaw, Breda Cullen, Robert Pearsall, Laura M Lyall, Keira J A Johnston, Claire L NiedzwiedzAbstract:Background: Suicide is a major issue for global public health. Suicidality describes a broad clinical spectrum of thoughts and behaviours, some of which are common in the general population. Methods: UK Biobank recruited ~0.5 million middle age individuals from the UK, of whom 157,000 completed an assessment of Suicidality. Mutually exclusive groups were assessed in an ordinal genome-wide association study of Suicidality: "no Suicidality" controls (N=83,557); "thoughts that life was not worth living" (N=21,063); "ever contemplated self-harm" (N=13,038); "an act of deliberate self-harm in the past" (N=2,498); and "a previous suicide attempt" (N=2,666). Linkage of UK Biobank to death certification records identified a small sub-group of "completed suicide" (N=137). Outcomes: We identified three novel genome-wide significant loci for Suicidality (on Chromosomes 9, 11 and 13) and moderate-to-strong genetic correlations between Suicidality and a range of psychiatric disorders, most notably depression (rg 0.81). Higher polygenic risk scores for Suicidality were associated with increased risk of completed suicide relative to controls in an independent sub-group (N=137 vs N=5,330, OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.41, p=0.03). Rs598046-G (chromosome 11) demonstrated a similar effect size and direction (p=0.05) within a Danish Suicidality study. Interpretation: These findings have significant implications for our understanding of genetic vulnerability to suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Future work should assess the extent to which polygenic risk scores for Suicidality, in combination with non-genetic risk factors, may be useful for stratified approaches to suicide prevention at a population level.
Keira J A Johnston - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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identification of novel genome wide associations for Suicidality in uk biobank genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders and polygenic association with completed suicide
EBioMedicine, 2019Co-Authors: Rona J Strawbridge, Joey Ward, Amy Ferguson, Nicholas Graham, Richard J Shaw, Breda Cullen, Robert Pearsall, Laura M Lyall, Keira J A JohnstonAbstract:Abstract Background Suicide is a major issue for global public health. Suicidality describes a broad spectrum of thoughts and behaviours, some of which are common in the general population. Although suicide results from a complex interaction of multiple social and psychological factors, predisposition to Suicidality is at least partly genetic. Methods Ordinal genome-wide association study of Suicidality in the UK Biobank cohort comparing: ‘no Suicidality’ controls (N = 83,557); ‘thoughts that life was not worth living’ (N = 21,063); ‘ever contemplated self-harm’ (N = 13,038); ‘act of deliberate self-harm in the past’ (N = 2498); and ‘previous suicide attempt’ (N = 2666). Outcomes We identified three novel genome-wide significant loci for Suicidality (on chromosomes nine, 11 and 13) and moderate-to-strong genetic correlations between Suicidality and a range of psychiatric disorders, most notably depression (rg 0·81). Interpretation These findings provide new information about genetic variants relating to increased risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Future work should assess the extent to which polygenic risk scores for Suicidality, in combination with non-genetic risk factors, may be useful for stratified approaches to suicide prevention at a population level. Fund UKRI Innovation-HDR-UK Fellowship (MR/S003061/1). MRC Mental Health Data Pathfinder Award (MC_PC_17217). MRC Doctoral Training Programme Studentship at the University of Glasgow (MR/K501335/1). MRC Doctoral Training Programme Studentship at the Universities of Glasgow and Edinburgh. UKRI Innovation Fellowship (MR/R024774/1).
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novel genome wide associations for Suicidality in uk biobank genetic correlation with psychiatric disorders and polygenic association with completed suicide
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Rona J Strawbridge, Joey Ward, Amy Ferguson, Nicholas Graham, Richard J Shaw, Breda Cullen, Robert Pearsall, Laura M Lyall, Keira J A Johnston, Claire L NiedzwiedzAbstract:Background: Suicide is a major issue for global public health. Suicidality describes a broad clinical spectrum of thoughts and behaviours, some of which are common in the general population. Methods: UK Biobank recruited ~0.5 million middle age individuals from the UK, of whom 157,000 completed an assessment of Suicidality. Mutually exclusive groups were assessed in an ordinal genome-wide association study of Suicidality: "no Suicidality" controls (N=83,557); "thoughts that life was not worth living" (N=21,063); "ever contemplated self-harm" (N=13,038); "an act of deliberate self-harm in the past" (N=2,498); and "a previous suicide attempt" (N=2,666). Linkage of UK Biobank to death certification records identified a small sub-group of "completed suicide" (N=137). Outcomes: We identified three novel genome-wide significant loci for Suicidality (on Chromosomes 9, 11 and 13) and moderate-to-strong genetic correlations between Suicidality and a range of psychiatric disorders, most notably depression (rg 0.81). Higher polygenic risk scores for Suicidality were associated with increased risk of completed suicide relative to controls in an independent sub-group (N=137 vs N=5,330, OR 1.23, 95%CI 1.06 to 1.41, p=0.03). Rs598046-G (chromosome 11) demonstrated a similar effect size and direction (p=0.05) within a Danish Suicidality study. Interpretation: These findings have significant implications for our understanding of genetic vulnerability to suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Future work should assess the extent to which polygenic risk scores for Suicidality, in combination with non-genetic risk factors, may be useful for stratified approaches to suicide prevention at a population level.
Georg Juckel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sleep disturbances and Suicidality: a common association to look for in clinical practise and preventive care
EPMA Journal, 2011Co-Authors: Christine Norra, Nadja Richter, Georg JuckelAbstract:Suicidality and suicide has been associated with many risk factors, while recent clinical and epidemiological studies increasingly point to a potential link between sleep loss or sleep disturbances and Suicidality. This review on studies of sleep disturbances associated with Suicidality, i.e., suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and completed suicide suggests a frequent association especially with insomnia and nightmares but also hypersomnia and sleep panic attacks. In suicidal insomniacs with comorbid psychiatric disorders, there is some evidence for an even independent predictive nature of sleep problems for Suicidality. Considerations on the shared neurobiology, risk assessment and treatment options complement the overview. Thus, sleep disturbances may qualify as an individual treatable target of personalised medicine in the clinical routine as well as in suicide prevention programmes. A more detailed assessment of sleep problems and identification of specific risk domains in primary or secondary prevention of Suicidality seem to be a future area of high importance.
Michael Hengartner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sleep Disturbances and Suicidality–A Longitudinal Analysis From a Representative Community Study Over 30 Years
Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2018Co-Authors: Wulf Rössler, Jules Angst, Vladeta Ajdacic-gross, Helene Haker, Sofian Berrouiguet, Mariam Ujeyl, Nicholas Glozier, Michael HengartnerAbstract:Study objectives: Associations between sleep problems and Suicidality are increasingly acknowledged, but prospective data from well-controlled long-term community studies are lacking. Methods: We analyzed data from a longitudinal cohort study with n = 591 young adults from Zurich, Switzerland, prospectively followed from 1979 (age 20/21 years) to 2008 (age 49/50 years). Twelve-month prevalence of various mental disorders, socio-environmental confounders and sleep problems were carefully assessed with semi-structured interviews at 7 assessment waves spanning overall a 30-year observation period. Interviews were conducted with the “Structured Psychopathological Interview and Rating of the Social Consequences of Psychological Disturbances for Epidemiology” (SPIKE). The 12-month prevalence of sleep problems was graded according to frequency and associated distress of reported symptoms. 12-month prevalence of Suicidality was classified as either mild (transient suicidal ideation) or severe (self-harm, suicide attempts). Results: Concurrently, and fully adjusted for several covariates, including mental disorders, relative to no sleep problems there was an odds ratio (OR) of OR = 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.4–2.5), OR = 3.3 (2.5–4.4), and OR = 1.9 (1.3–2.8) for mild, moderate and severe sleep problems in association with Suicidality. There was no evidence for a prospective effect of broad sleep problems on subsequent Suicidality. Mild Suicidality, but not severe Suicidality, prospectively predicted subsequent broad sleep problems in the fully adjusted multivariate model (adjusted OR = 1.5; 1.1–1.9). Disturbed sleep initiation, a proxy for insomnia, significantly predicted subsequent Suicidality (OR = 1.5; 1.1–1.9), whereas mild Suicidality, but not severe Suicidality, significantly predicted subsequent insomnia (OR = 1.5; 1.1–2.0). Conclusions: Sleep problems and Suicidality are longitudinally inter-related, which has important implications for clinical practice. Most importantly, the causal pathways appear to be bi-directional and independent of socio-demographics and concomitant mental disorders. More research is needed to examine the possible biopsychosocial etiological mechanisms linking Suicidality to sleep problems.
