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Richard E Harris - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insular excitatory inhibitory balance and amplification of functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain is associated with hyperalgesia and temporal Summation in chronic pain
The Journal of Pain, 2021Co-Authors: Ishtiaq Mawla, Eric Ichesco, Chelsea M Kaplan, Andrew Schrepf, Steven E Harte, Robert Edwards, Daniel J Clauw, Vitaly Napadow, Richard E HarrisAbstract:Chronic pain is characterized by hyperalgesia and heightened temporal Summation of pain, however, the brain mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain understudied. We sought to understand the relationship of hyperalgesia and temporal Summation with the balance between basal excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission (E-I balance) and brain functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain. Sixty-four females with Fibromyalgia (FM, age=43±11, M±SD) and 19 controls (age=42±16) were recruited for the study. Brain imaging included proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure Glutamate+Glutamine (Glx) and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the right anterior insula (aINS), followed by individually calibrated 6-minute tonic pressure pain (PAIN) over the left leg (40/100 pain). Pain ratings were obtained for initial, middle, and final 2-minutes of PAIN. Temporal Summation Index (TSI) was calculated as ((Final/Initial Rating)/mmHg) x 100. aINS E-I balance was calculated as Glx/GABA ratio. Functional connectivity amplification of the primary somatosensory cortical representation of the leg (S1leg) was calculated as the contrast between the final 2 minutes of PAIN versus the initial 2 minutes of PAIN (final-initial). FM patients required lower pressure (p=0.0002) but reported higher TSI (p=0.0031) relative to controls. In FM, TSI was associated with clinical pain (r=0.47). During PAIN, FM showed amplified S1leg-aINS connectivity, and this amplification was associated with clinical pain (r=0.44), TSI (r=0.34), and cuff pressure (r=-0.37). aINS E-I balance was also associated with cuff pressure (r=-0.34) and S1leg-aINS connectivity (r=0.29) in FM. Mediation analysis showed that the effect of aINS E-I balance on clinical pain was serially mediated by cuff pressure and amplification of S1leg-aINS connectivity (indirect effect, β=0.053, BootSE=0.027, BootCI=[0.005, 0.114]). Mechanistically, in chronic pain, greater basal aINS excitability (E-I balance) necessitates lower pressure to achieve target experimental pain, resulting in greater amplification of S1leg and aINS communication during tonic experimental pain. This project was supported by R01AT007550 (NIH-NCCIH) awarded to R. E. Harris and V. Napadow and F99DK126121 (NIH-NIDDK) training grant awarded to I. Mawla.
Ishtiaq Mawla - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insular excitatory inhibitory balance and amplification of functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain is associated with hyperalgesia and temporal Summation in chronic pain
The Journal of Pain, 2021Co-Authors: Ishtiaq Mawla, Eric Ichesco, Chelsea M Kaplan, Andrew Schrepf, Steven E Harte, Robert Edwards, Daniel J Clauw, Vitaly Napadow, Richard E HarrisAbstract:Chronic pain is characterized by hyperalgesia and heightened temporal Summation of pain, however, the brain mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain understudied. We sought to understand the relationship of hyperalgesia and temporal Summation with the balance between basal excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission (E-I balance) and brain functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain. Sixty-four females with Fibromyalgia (FM, age=43±11, M±SD) and 19 controls (age=42±16) were recruited for the study. Brain imaging included proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure Glutamate+Glutamine (Glx) and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the right anterior insula (aINS), followed by individually calibrated 6-minute tonic pressure pain (PAIN) over the left leg (40/100 pain). Pain ratings were obtained for initial, middle, and final 2-minutes of PAIN. Temporal Summation Index (TSI) was calculated as ((Final/Initial Rating)/mmHg) x 100. aINS E-I balance was calculated as Glx/GABA ratio. Functional connectivity amplification of the primary somatosensory cortical representation of the leg (S1leg) was calculated as the contrast between the final 2 minutes of PAIN versus the initial 2 minutes of PAIN (final-initial). FM patients required lower pressure (p=0.0002) but reported higher TSI (p=0.0031) relative to controls. In FM, TSI was associated with clinical pain (r=0.47). During PAIN, FM showed amplified S1leg-aINS connectivity, and this amplification was associated with clinical pain (r=0.44), TSI (r=0.34), and cuff pressure (r=-0.37). aINS E-I balance was also associated with cuff pressure (r=-0.34) and S1leg-aINS connectivity (r=0.29) in FM. Mediation analysis showed that the effect of aINS E-I balance on clinical pain was serially mediated by cuff pressure and amplification of S1leg-aINS connectivity (indirect effect, β=0.053, BootSE=0.027, BootCI=[0.005, 0.114]). Mechanistically, in chronic pain, greater basal aINS excitability (E-I balance) necessitates lower pressure to achieve target experimental pain, resulting in greater amplification of S1leg and aINS communication during tonic experimental pain. This project was supported by R01AT007550 (NIH-NCCIH) awarded to R. E. Harris and V. Napadow and F99DK126121 (NIH-NIDDK) training grant awarded to I. Mawla.
Armando V D B Assis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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PEER-REVIEWED. ACCEPTED FOR PUBLICATION A Note on the Quantization Mechanism within the Cold Big Bang Cosmology A Note on the Quantization Mechanism within the Cold Big Bang Cosmology 1
2020Co-Authors: Armando V D B AssisAbstract:In my paper To the Heisenberg Indeterminacy Relation Recalling the eqn. the δE ρ , given by the eqn. (1), seems to be exclusively valid when δṘ is infinitesimal, since this expression is a first order expansion term, where we do tacitly suppose the vanishing of high order terms. But its form will remain valid in a case of finite variation, as derived is this paper, under the same conditions presented in (1), in terms of indeterminacy, says: • There is an indeterminacy δE ρ , at a given t, hence at a given R(t) andṘ(t), related to a small inteterminacy δṘ(t). A given spherical shell within a t-sliced hypersurface of simultaneity must enclose the following indeterminacy, if the least possible infinitesimal continuous variation given by the field equations in [3], eqn. The eqn. (1) by the Summation over the simultaneous fluctuations within the spherical shell (since the quantum minimal energy is a spatially localized object, and the t-sliced spherical shell, a R(t)-spherical subset of simultaneous cosmological points pertaining to a t-sliced hypersurface of simultaneity, is full of cosmological substratum), where k denotes a partition, k fundamental fluctuating pieces of the simultaneous spacelike spherical shell within a t-sliced hypersurface. This sum gives the entire fluctuation within the shell. Since these pieces are within a hypersurface of simulteneity, they have got the same cosmological instant t. Hence, they have the same R(t) and the sameṘ(t) (points within the t-sliced spherical shell cannot have different R(t), since R(t) is a one-to-one function R(t) : t → R(t), and does not depend on spacelike variables; the t-sliced spherical shell is a set of instantaneous points pertaining to a t-sliced hypersurface of simultaneity such that these points are spatially distributed over an t-instantaneous volume enclosed by a tinstantaneous spherical surface with radius R(t)), the reason why the Summation Index l does not take into account the common factor at the right-hand side of the eqn. (2). From eqn. (57) in [3], we rewrite the eqn. Now, we reach the total instantaneous fluctuations within the spherical shell at the cosmological instant t, a sum of spacelike localized instantaneous fundamental fluctuations within the spherical shell, giving the total instantaneous fuctuation within this shell. Being the instantaneous spherical shell full of cosmological fluid at t, at each fundamental position within the spherical shell we have got a fundamental energy fluctuation with its intrinsical and fundamental quantum [3] R 0 = 2Gh/c 3 of indeterminacy, an inherent spherically simetric indeterminacy at each position within the t-sliced spacelike shell. Hence, the total fluctuation is now quantized
Paris R B - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Asymptotics of a sum of modified Bessel functions with non-linear argument
2019Co-Authors: Paris R BAbstract:We examine the sum of modified Bessel functions with argument depending non-linearly on the Summation Index given by \[S_{\nu,p}(a)=\sum_{n\geq 1} (an^p/2)^{-\nu} K_\nu(an^p)\qquad (a>0,\ 0\leq\nu
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An asymptotic expansion for a sum of modified Bessel functions with quadratic argument
2019Co-Authors: Paris R BAbstract:We examine the sum of modified Bessel functions with argument depending quadratically on the Summation Index given by \[S_\nu(a)=\sum_{n\geq 1} (\frac{1}{2} an^2)^{-\nu} K_\nu(an^2)\qquad (|\arg\,a|
Eric Ichesco - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insular excitatory inhibitory balance and amplification of functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain is associated with hyperalgesia and temporal Summation in chronic pain
The Journal of Pain, 2021Co-Authors: Ishtiaq Mawla, Eric Ichesco, Chelsea M Kaplan, Andrew Schrepf, Steven E Harte, Robert Edwards, Daniel J Clauw, Vitaly Napadow, Richard E HarrisAbstract:Chronic pain is characterized by hyperalgesia and heightened temporal Summation of pain, however, the brain mechanisms underlying these phenomena remain understudied. We sought to understand the relationship of hyperalgesia and temporal Summation with the balance between basal excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission (E-I balance) and brain functional connectivity during sustained pressure pain. Sixty-four females with Fibromyalgia (FM, age=43±11, M±SD) and 19 controls (age=42±16) were recruited for the study. Brain imaging included proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure Glutamate+Glutamine (Glx) and gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the right anterior insula (aINS), followed by individually calibrated 6-minute tonic pressure pain (PAIN) over the left leg (40/100 pain). Pain ratings were obtained for initial, middle, and final 2-minutes of PAIN. Temporal Summation Index (TSI) was calculated as ((Final/Initial Rating)/mmHg) x 100. aINS E-I balance was calculated as Glx/GABA ratio. Functional connectivity amplification of the primary somatosensory cortical representation of the leg (S1leg) was calculated as the contrast between the final 2 minutes of PAIN versus the initial 2 minutes of PAIN (final-initial). FM patients required lower pressure (p=0.0002) but reported higher TSI (p=0.0031) relative to controls. In FM, TSI was associated with clinical pain (r=0.47). During PAIN, FM showed amplified S1leg-aINS connectivity, and this amplification was associated with clinical pain (r=0.44), TSI (r=0.34), and cuff pressure (r=-0.37). aINS E-I balance was also associated with cuff pressure (r=-0.34) and S1leg-aINS connectivity (r=0.29) in FM. Mediation analysis showed that the effect of aINS E-I balance on clinical pain was serially mediated by cuff pressure and amplification of S1leg-aINS connectivity (indirect effect, β=0.053, BootSE=0.027, BootCI=[0.005, 0.114]). Mechanistically, in chronic pain, greater basal aINS excitability (E-I balance) necessitates lower pressure to achieve target experimental pain, resulting in greater amplification of S1leg and aINS communication during tonic experimental pain. This project was supported by R01AT007550 (NIH-NCCIH) awarded to R. E. Harris and V. Napadow and F99DK126121 (NIH-NIDDK) training grant awarded to I. Mawla.
