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Michael L Banner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the influence of wave breaking on the Surface Pressure Distribution in wind wave interactions
    Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1990
    Co-Authors: Michael L Banner
    Abstract:

    In reviewing the current status of our understanding of the mechanisms underlying wind-wave generation, it is apparent that existing theories and models are not applicable to situations where the sea Surface is disturbed by breaking waves, and that the available experimental data on this question are sparse. In this context, this paper presents the results of a detailed study of the effects of wave breaking on the aerodynamic Surface Pressure Distribution and consequent wave-coherent momentum flux, as well as its influence on the total wind stress. Two complementary experimental configurations were used to focus on the details and consequences of the Pressure Distribution over breaking waves under wind forcing. The first utilized a stationary breaking wave configuration and confirmed the presence of significant phase shifting, due to air flow separation effects, between the Surface Pressure and Surface elevation (and slope) Distributions over a range of wind speeds. The second configuration examined the Pressure Distribution, recorded at a fixed height above the mean water Surface just above the crest level, over short mechanically triggered waves which were induced to break almost continuously under wind forcing. This allowed a very detailed comparison of the form drag for actively breaking waves and for waves of comparable steepness just prior to breaking (‘incipiently’ breaking waves). For these propagating steep-wave experiments, the Pressure phase shifts and Distributions closely paralleled the stationary configuration findings. Moreover, a large increase (typically 100%) in the total windstress was observed for the breaking waves, with the increase corresponding closely to the comparably enhanced form drag associated with the actively breaking waves. In addition to further elucidating some fundamental features of wind-wave interactions for very steep wind waves, this paper provides a useful data set for future model calculations of wind flow over breaking waves. The results also provide the basis for a parameterization of the wind input source function applicable for a wave field undergoing active breaking, an important result for numerical modelling of short wind waves.

Aa Pashilkar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

M. Vezza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Kozo Fujii - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanisms of Surface Pressure Distribution within a laminar separation bubble at different reynolds numbers
    Physics of Fluids, 2015
    Co-Authors: Soshi Kawai, Masayuki Anyoji, Hikaru Aono, Akira Oyama, Keisuke Asai, Taku Nonomura, Kozo Fujii
    Abstract:

    Mechanisms behind the Pressure Distribution and skin friction within a laminar separation bubble (LSB) are investigated by large-eddy simulations around a 5% thickness blunt flat plate at the chord length based Reynolds number 5.0 × 103, 6.1 × 103, 1.1 × 104, and 2.0 × 104. The characteristics inside the LSB change with the Reynolds number; a steady laminar separation bubble (LSB_S) at the Reynolds number 5.0 × 103 and 6.1 × 103, and a steady-fluctuating laminar separation bubble (LSB_SF) at the Reynolds number 1.1 × 104, and 2.0 × 104. Different characteristics of Pressure and skin friction Distributions are observed by increasing the Reynolds number, such that a gradual monotonous Pressure recovery in the LSB_S and a plateau Pressure Distribution followed by a rapid Pressure recovery region in the LSB_SF. The reasons behind the different characteristics of Pressure Distributions at different Reynolds numbers are discussed by deriving the Reynolds averaged Pressure gradient equation. It is confirmed that the viscous stress Distributions near the Surface play an important role in determining the formation of different Pressure Distributions. Depending on the Reynolds numbers, the viscous stress Distributions near the Surface are affected by the development of a separated laminar shear layer or the Reynolds shear stress. In addition, we show that the same analyses can be applied to the flows around a NACA0012 airfoil.

Craig Meskell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Surface Pressure Distribution survey in normal triangular tube arrays
    Journal of Fluids and Structures, 2009
    Co-Authors: John Mahon, Craig Meskell
    Abstract:

    Abstract As a first step towards a validation database for models of fluidelastic instability, an experimental parametric study of the Surface Pressure on a cylinder in the third row of three normal triangular tube arrays ( P / d = 1.32 , 1.58 and 1.97) with air cross flow has been performed. A range of static tube displacements were examined. Forces were calculated from the Pressure measurements providing an understanding of the force generation mechanism. The results show that the fluid forces do not scale proportionally with dynamic head. However, no simple parameterisation was found for the lift force. A bistable flow instability was observed in the pitch ratio of 1.58 even when the tube was displaced. This phenomena resulted in the large asymmetry observed in the Pressure Distribution around a static cylinder. It is concluded that the fluid forces which are related to fluidelastic instability are dependent on Reynolds number and pitch ratio.